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1,047 results for “Salamanders”
Museum records for "Determinants of genetic diversity in Neotropical salamanders (Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossini)"
<p>This dataset contains museum records for 59 species of Neotropical salamanders (tribe Bolitoglossini) from GBIF. These records were used to estimate the area of species' distributions as well as to extract climatic variability data for each species from Worldclim layers. After downloading the data from GBIF, we checked all records for each species against the species' known range and eliminated records outside the range or that were taxonomically misidentified.</p>
River drainage reorganization and reticulate evolution in the Two-Lined Salamander (Eurycea bislineata) species complex
<p>The origin and eventual loss of biogeographic barriers can create alternating periods of allopatry and secondary contact, facilitating gene flow among distinct metapopulations and generating reticulate evolutionary histories that are not adequately described by a bifurcating evolutionary tree. One such example may exist in the two-lined salamander (<em>Eurycea bislineata</em>) species complex, where discordance among morphological and molecular datasets has created a "vexing taxonomic challenge". Previous phylogeographic analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggested that the reorganization of Miocene paleodrainages drove vicariance and dispersal, but the inherent limitations of a single-locus dataset precluded the evaluation of subsequent gene flow. Here, we generate triple-enzyme restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (3RAD) data for >100 individuals representing all major mtDNA lineages and use a suite of complementary methods to demonstrate that discordance among earlier datasets is best explained by a reticulate evolutionary history influenced by river drainage reorganization. Systematics of such groups should acknowledge these complex histories and relationships that are not strictly hierarchical.</p>
Assessing hybrid vigor using the thermal sensitivity of physiological trade-offs in tiger salamanders
<ol> <li>Hybridization between species affects biodiversity and population sustainability in numerous ways, many of which depend on the fitness of the hybrid relative to the parental species. Hybrids can exhibit fitter phenotypes compared to the parental lineages, and this 'hybrid vigor' can then lead to the extinction of one or both parental lines.</li> <li>In this study, we analyzed the relationship between water loss and gas exchange to compare physiological performance among three tiger salamander genotypes – the native California tiger salamander (CTS), the invasive barred tiger salamanders (BTS), and CTS x BTS hybrids across multiple temperatures (13.5°C, 20.5°C, and 23.5°C). We developed a new index of performance, the water-gas exchange ratio (WGER), which we define as the ratio of gas exchange to evaporative water loss (µL VO<sub>2</sub>/µL H<sub>2</sub>O). The ratio describes the ability of an organism to support energetically costly activities with high levels of gas exchange while simultaneously limiting water loss to lower desiccation risk. We used flow-through respirometry to measure the thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate and resistance to water loss of each salamander genotype to compare indices of physiological performance.</li> <li>We found that temperature had a significant effect on metabolic rate and resistance to water loss, with both traits increasing as temperatures warmed. Across genotypes, we found that hybrids have a higher WGER than the native CTS, owing to a higher metabolic rate despite having a lower resistance to water loss.</li> <li>These results provide greater insight into the physiological mechanisms driving hybrid vigor and offer a potential explanation for the rapid spread of salamander hybrids. More broadly, our introduction of the WGER may allow for species- or lineage-wide comparisons of physiological performance across changing environmental conditions, highlighting the insight that can be gleaned from multi-trait analysis of organism performance.</li> </ol>
Data from: Extensive admixture among karst-obligate salamanders reveals evidence of recent divergence and gene exchange through aquifers
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Data from: Levels of sex steroids in plethodontid salamanders: A comparative study within the genus Aneides
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Assessing hybrid vigor using the thermal sensitivity of physiological trade-offs in tiger salamanders
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Population genomic evidence that stream networks structure genetic diversity in the narrowly endemic patch-nosed salamander (Urspelerpes brucei)
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Data from: Transposable element diversity and activity patterns in neotropical salamanders
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Data from: Spatial replication is important for developing landscape genetic inferences for a wetland salamander
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Data from: Landscape distribution of the South Mountains gray-cheeked salamander (Plethodon meridianus)
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Data from: Divergent physiological acclimation responses to warming between two co-occurring salamander species and implications for terrestrial survival
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River drainage reorganization and reticulate evolution in the Two-Lined Salamander (Eurycea bislineata) species complex
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Data from: Coincident transitions across elevation and origins of functional innovations drove the phenotypic and ecological diversity of lungless salamanders
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Spatial variation in abundance parameters of a federally threatened groundwater salamander within and among central Texas headwater creeks
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Data from: A genetic polymorphism underlying alternative reproductive tactics in Eurycea salamanders
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Raw count data from repeated surveys of a guild of Plethodon salamanders in an old-growth forest in southeastern Kentucky 2016, with GIS and in situ environmental data
Woodland salamanders are among the most abundant vertebrate animals in temperate deciduous forests of eastern North America. Because of their abundance, woodland salamanders are responsible for the transformation of nutrients and translocation of energy between highly disparate levels of trophic organization: detrital food webs and high-order predators. However, the spatial extent of woodland salamanders’ role in the ecosystem is likely contingent upon the distribution of their biomass throughout the forest. We sought to determine if natural environmental gradients influence the fine-scale distribution and density of Southern Ravine Salamanders (Plethodon richmondi) and Cumberland Plateau Salamanders (P. kentucki). We addressed this objective by constructing occupancy, co-occurrence, and abundance models from temporally-replicated surveys within an old-growth forest in the Cumberland Plateau region of Kentucky occurring in the Fall of 2016. We found that Plethodon richmondi had a more restricted fine-scale distribution than P. kentucki (mean occupancy probability = 0.737) and exhibited variable density, from less than 250 to greater than 1000 individuals per hectare, associated with increased soil moisture and reduced solar exposure due to slope face. While more ubiquitously distributed (mean occupancy probability = 0.95), P. kentucki density varied from less than 400 to greater than 1000 individuals per hectare and was inversely related to increased solar exposure from canopy disturbance and landscape convexity. Our data suggest co-occurrence patterns of P. richmondi and P. kentucki are influenced primarily by abiotic conditions within the forest, and that populations likely occur independently and without evidence of biotic interaction. Given the critical role that woodland salamanders play in the maintenance of forest health, regions that support large populations of woodland salamanders, such as those highlighted in this study—mesic forest stands on north-to-eas
Stream salamander mark-recapture abundance study at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, NC.
Mark-recapture data of the stream-dwelling plethodontid salamander species located in six streams within the Coweeta LTER site. The data covers the periods of May to August 2007 and 2008. Animals were either captured and given an individual mark using elastomer dye, or simply counted if animals were too small in size to mark. Animals were captured within 10, 1 m^2 plots within each stream using a 40 X 40 cm mesh bag filled with hardwood leaf litter, or by dipnet within each plot. Animals were identified, measured, marked, and released directly following capture.
Patch occupancy sampling of invertebrates and salamanders from Coweeta Synoptic sampling sites located in the Upper Little Tennessee River Basin, 2009 to 2012.
This research was conducted in Macon County, North Carolina, as part of the Coweeta LTER synoptic sampling program. In the summers of 2009-2012 we sampled and counted Tallaperla species, Elimia species, fish, and salamanders found in a 150meter stretch at the synoptic sites, a total of 44 sites. The 150meter stretch was divided into thirty 5meter plots that were sampled on three occasions each year of sampling; in 2009 all 44 sites were sample, in 2010 a subset of 8 sites were sampled, in 2011 a subset of 9 sites were sampled, and in 2012 a subset of 8 sites were sampled.
Aligned DNA sequence matrix for phylogenetic analyses in the article "New species of fossorial salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Plethodontidae) from the northwestern Ecuador"
<p>Aligned DNA sequence matrix for phylogenetic analyses of the article "New species of fossorial salamanders of the genus Oedipina (Plethodontidae) from the northwestern Ecuador". The matrix is in NEXUS format.</p> <p>Gene partitions are arranged as follows (tRNAs are included as part of larger adjacent genes):</p> <p>16S = 4- 789 1761- 1891 ;<br> ND1-codonPos1 = 790-1759\3;<br> ND1-codonPos2 = 791-1760\3;<br> ND1-codonPos3 = 792-1758\3;<br> CytB-codonPos1 = 1893-2274\3;<br> CytB-codonPos2 = 1894-2275\3;<br> CytB-codonPos3 = 1892-2276\3;</p>
Data from: Phylogenomic data reveal reticulation and incongruence among mitochondrial candidate species in Dusky Salamanders (Desmognathus)
<p>Gene flow between evolutionarily distinct lineages is increasingly recognized as a common occurrence. Such processes distort our ability to diagnose and delimit species, as well as confound attempts to estimate phylogenetic relationships. A conspicuous example is Dusky Salamanders (<i>Desmognathus</i>), a common model-system for ecology, evolution, and behavior. Only 22 species are described; 7 in the last 40 years. However, mitochondrial datasets indicate the presence of up to 45 "candidate species" presenting a complex history of reticulation. Some authors have even suggested that the search for species boundaries in the group may be in vain. Here, we analyze nuclear and mitochondrial data containing 161 individuals from at least 49 distinct evolutionary lineages that we treat as candidate species. Concatenated and species-tree methods fail to provide satisfactory resolution for relationships among these taxa. Comparing topologies and applying methods for estimating phylogenetic networks, we find strong support for numerous instances of hybridization throughout the history of the group. We suggest that these processes may be more common than previously thought across the phylogeography-phylogenetics continuum, and that while the search for species boundaries in <i>Desmognathus</i> may not be in vain, it will be complicated by factors such as crypsis, parallelism, and gene-flow.</p>
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