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464 results for “Swimming”
Kinematic and morphological data from: Trophic guilds of suction-feeding fish are distinguished by their characteristic hydrodynamics of swimming and feeding
<p>Suction-feeding in fish is a ubiquitous form of prey capture whose outcome depends both on the movements of the predator and the prey, and on the dynamics of the surrounding fluid, which exerts forces on the two organisms. The inherent complexity of suction-feeding has challenged previous efforts to understand how the feeding strikes are modified when species evolve to feed on different prey types. Here, we utilize the concept of dynamic similarity, commonly applied to understanding the mechanisms of swimming, flying, walking, and aquatic feeding. We characterize the hydrodynamic regimes pertaining to 1) the forward movement of the fish (ram), and 2) the suction flows for feeding strikes of 71 species of acanthomorph fish. A discriminant function analysis revealed that feeding strikes of zooplanktivores, generalists, and piscivores could be distinguished based on their hydrodynamic regimes. Furthermore, a phylogenetic comparative analysis revealed that there are distinctive hydrodynamic adaptive peaks associated with zooplanktivores, generalists, and piscivores. The scaling of dynamic similarity across species, body sizes, and feeding guilds in fish indicates that elementary hydrodynamic principles govern the trophic evolution of suction-feeding in fish.</p>
Knifefish turning performance during forward swimming
<p>Rapid turning and swimming contribute to ecologically important behaviors in fishes such as predator avoidance, prey capture, mating, and the navigation of complex environments. For riverine species, such as knifefishes, that are commonly challenged by turbulent flows, turning control may be effective for counteracting adverse locomotive perturbations. Most research on fish maneuvering focuses on fish with traditional fin and body morphologies, which primarily use body bending and the pectoral fins during turning. However, it is uncertain how fishes with uncommon morphologies, are able to achieve sudden and controllable turns. Here we studied the turning performance and the turning hydrodynamics of the Black ghost knifefish (Apteronotus albifrons, N=6) which has an atypical elongated ribbon fin. Fish were filmed while swimming forward at ~2 BL s-1 and feeding from a fixed feeder (control) and an oscillating feeder (75 Hz) at two different amplitudes. 3D kinematic analysis of the body revealed the highest pitch angles and lowest body bending coefficients occurred during steady swimming. Low pitch angle, high maximum yaw angles and large body bending coefficients were characteristic of small and large turns. Asynchrony in pectoral fin use was low during turning, however ribbon fin wavelength, frequency, and wave speed were greatest during large turns. Digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) showed larger counter-rotating vortex pairs produced during turning by the ribbon-fin in comparison to vortices rotating in the same direction during steady swimming. Our results highlight the ribbon fin's role in controlled rapid turning through modulation of wavelength, frequency, and wave speed.</p>
Coordination of two opposite flagella allows high-speed swimming and active turning of individual zoospores
<p>This contains the datasets of zoospores swimming in water at global scale and during a turning event. We also include the Matlab files for computing the data of global scale data and the simulation for zoospore spreading.</p>
Raw data on mortality, feeding rates, swimming behavior and energy reserves: Goetz et al 2022
<p><span>The abundance and persistence of plastic nanoparticles in aquatic habitats are considered a threat to marine and freshwater biota. However, the risk assessment of plastic particles is complicated due to various factors that need to be considered, including composition, size and environmental abundance.</span><span><br></span></p> <p><span>This study investigated the behavioural response of a key river species, <em>Gammarus roeseli</em>, to dietary exposure of plain biodegradable and non-biodegradable plastic as well as to natural small micro- and nanoparticles. Mortality, feeding, swimming velocity and energy assimilation endpoints were examined by considering four particles sizes ranging from 30 to 1000 nm in two concentrations.</span><span><br></span></p> <p><span>Contrary to our expectations, neither decreasing size nor increasing abundance of each tested particle impacted any of the examined endpoints. Likewise, dietary exposition with biodegradable plain polylactide did not induce other or stronger effects than non-biodegradable plain polystyrene or natural silica micro- and nanoparticles, as all three particle types did not lead to adverse effects on <em>G. roeseli</em>. These findings also suggest that the functional role of <em>Gammarus roeseli</em> as a shredder is not impaired due to particle occurrence within the exposure range of this study.</span></p>
Table S1/2: Duration of swimming participation and age of subjects, Time of 200m swimming
<p>1. Duration of swimming participation and age of subjects</p> <p>2. Time of 200m swimming</p>
Data set - The design and evaluation of an integrated training load and injury/illness surveillance system in competitive swimming.
<p>Dataset for paper as per title above. </p>
Data from: Predation, metabolic priming and early life-history rearing environment affect the swimming capabilities of growth hormone transgenic rainbow trout
The period of first feeding, when young salmonid fishes emerge from natal stream beds, is one fraught with predation risk. Experiments conducted in semi-natural stream mesocosms have shown that growth hormone transgenic salmonids are at greater risk of predation than their non-transgenic siblings, due partly to the higher metabolic demands associated with transgenesis, which force risky foraging behaviours. This raises questions as to whether there are differences in the swim-performance of transgenic and non-transgenic fishes surviving predation experiments. We tested this hypothesis in wild-origin rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) that were reared from first feeding in semi-natural stream mesocosms characterized by complex hydrodynamics, the presence of predators and oligotrophic conditions. Using an open-flume raceway, we swam fish and measured their capacity for burst-swimming against a sustained flow. We found a significant genotype effect on burst-performance, with transgenic fish sustaining performance longer than their wild-type siblings, both in predator and predator-free stream segments. Importantly, this effect occurred before differences in growth were discernable. We also found that mesocosm-reared fish had greater burst-performance than fish reared in the controlled hatchery environment, despite the latter being unexposed to predators and having abundant food. Our results suggest a potential interaction between predation and metabolic priming, which leads to greater burst capacity in transgenic trout.
Scaling fish swimming recreational fishing
<p>Data on fight times for recreationally angled species</p>
Swimming and schooling data of golden shiners in variable water temperatures
<p>Temperature is highly influential on the physiology and behaviour of ectotherms. In fish, temperature affects social interactions such as schooling behaviour, a common defence against predation. However, the effect of temperature on the ability of schooling fish to collectively respond to a predator is unknown. Here we used a loom stimulus to simulate an approaching predator that elicited a fleeing response in schooling fish over a range of water temperatures (9-29°C) and group sizes (1-16 fish). While speed and acceleration always exhibited a positive curvilinear response to temperature, the optimal temperature at which performance peaked was different during the predation threat versus when they were unperturbed. Similarly, group-level metrics were sensitive to temperature immediately after a loom stimulus but showed no response to temperature during unperturbed swimming. The time taken for fish to respond to the loom stimulus was minimal at 20°C. The proportion of fish that startled, during a loom, peaked at 13°C – around the same temperature at which speed and acceleration were maximum. Taken together, our results suggest that ectothermic fish may be able to compensate for their slower swim speeds at lower temperatures during unperturbed swimming by increasing their sensitivity to startle in response to a predation threat. More generally, we show that in ectotherms the qualitative and quantitative effect of temperature on a behavioural trait may be dependent on the context.</p>
FIGURE 6. Fresh coloration. A in A new species of the swimming crab genus, Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), from the western Indian Ocean
FIGURE 6. Fresh coloration. A, Laleonectes kuriya sp. nov., male (ZRC 2017.0335), Tamil Nadu; B, L. nipponensis (Sakai, 1938), male (RUMF-ZC-2462), Ryukyu Is.; C, L. nipponensis (Sakai, 1938), male (ZRC 2017.0009), Bohol.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of the swimming crab genus, Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), from the western Indian Ocean
FIGURE 5. Gonopods (G1, G2). Laleonectes kuriya sp. nov., holotype, male, 72.6 × 38.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-18254), Réunion (A–C); L. nipponensis (Sakai, 1938), male, 65.8 × 34.9 mm (RUMF-ZC-2462), Ryukyu Is. (D–F). A, D, left G1, external vieW; B, E, left G2, external vieW; C, F, distal tip of left G2, external vieW. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of the swimming crab genus, Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), from the western Indian Ocean
FIGURE 4. Laleonectes nipponensis (Sakai, 1938), male, 65.8 × 34.9 mm (RUMF-ZC-2462), Ryukyu Is. (A–D); L. kuriya sp. nov., holotype, male, 72.6 × 38.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-18254), Réunion (E–H). A, E, pleon, ventral vieW; B, F, major cheliped merus and stridulatory granules, dorsal vieW; C, G, right P4, dorsal vieW; D, H, right P5, dorsal vieW. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of the swimming crab genus, Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), from the western Indian Ocean
FIGURE 3. Laleonectes kuriya sp. nov., holotype, male, 72.6 × 38.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-18254), Réunion. A, Frontoorbital and buccal region, antero-ventral vieW; B, subhepatic stridulatory granules, antero-ventral vieW; C, third maxillipeds, external vieW. Scale bars: 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of the swimming crab genus, Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), from the western Indian Ocean
FIGURE 2. Laleonectes kuriya sp. nov., holotype, male, 72.6 × 38.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-18254), Réunion. A, Carapace, dorsal vieW; B, cephalothorax and pleon, ventral vieW; C, cephalothorax, anterior vieW; D, cephalothorax, posterior vieW; right (major) chela, E, external vieW, G, internal vieW; left (minor) chela, F, external vieW, H, internal vieW. Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of the swimming crab genus, Laleonectes Manning & Chace, 1990 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), from the western Indian Ocean
FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus. Laleonectes kuriya sp. nov. (A, B): A, holotype, male, 72.6 × 38.4 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-18254), Réunion; B, non-type male, 59.2 × 33.1 mm (ZRC 2017.0335), Tamil Nadu. Laleonectes nipponensis (Sakai, 1938) (C, D): C, male, 65.8 × 34.9 mm (RUMF-ZC-2462), Ryukyu Is.; D, male, 51.1 × 27.9 mm (ZRC 2017.0009), Bohol. Scale bars: 10 mm.
Fig. 2 in Phylogenomic analysis and morphological data suggest left-right swimming behavior evolved prior to the origin of the pelagic Phylliroidae (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia)
Fig. 2 Subtree of Phylliroe and its closest relatives from Dendronotida s.s., Dendronotidae, Scyllaeidae, and Tethyidae. Images from life animals and histological slides. a Dendronotus venustus. b, c Dendronotus frondosus. d–f Crosslandia viridis. g–i Melibe leonina. j–l Phylliroe
Fig. 1 in Phylogenomic analysis and morphological data suggest left-right swimming behavior evolved prior to the origin of the pelagic Phylliroidae (Gastropoda: Nudibranchia)
Fig. 1 Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Cladobranchia from RAxML-NG using a concatenat- ed nucleotide matrix of 292 genes partitioned by codon position. All nodes with no support values in- dicated have 100% bootstrap support and a posterior probability of 1.0 in our analyses. The blue box indicates Dendronotida sensu stricto and the red outline shows the closest relatives to Phylliroe in our analysis (Melibe leonina, Tethyidae; Scyllaea fulva, Scyllaeidae; Dendronotus venustus, Dendronotidae), highlighted further in Fig. 2
FIGURE 5 in Monomia lucida sp. nov., a new swimming crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) from the South China Sea
FIGURE 5. Monomia samoensis (WArd, 1939), HOlOTyPe, juveNile mAle CW 15 mm (AMNH 7482). A, OverAll HAbiTuS Of PreServed SPecimeN, dOrSAl. B, PleON. ScAle bAr: 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Monomia lucida sp. nov., a new swimming crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) from the South China Sea
FIGURE 4. COmbiNed BI/ML Tree WiTH cOmPArATive mATeriAl Of THree Monomia SPecieS. Tree ObTAiNed by BAyeSiAN ANAlySiS Of 16S geNe SequeNceS uSiNg beST fiTTiNg HKY+G SubSTiTuTiON mOdel. SuPPOrT vAlueS fOr NOdeS exPreSSed AS PerceNTAgeS fOr BI ANd ML TreeS (TAmurA 3-PArAmeTerS mOdel + G), reSPecTively (BI/ML).
FIGURE 2 in Monomia lucida sp. nov., a new swimming crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae) from the South China Sea
FIGURE 2. Monomia lucida sp. nov., mAle HOlOTyPe, CW 58.0 mm (MNHN-IU-2014-10082). A, dOrSum Of cArAPAce. B, PleON. C, lefT THird mAxilliPed. D, rigHT cHelA, OuTer vieW. ScAle bArS: A, D—10 mm, B, C—5 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.