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opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Data from: Comparison of carbon and nitrogen accumulation rate between bog and fen phases in a pristine peatland with the fen-bog transition

Long-term carbon and nitrogen dynamics in boreal peatlands are affected by both vegetation production and decomposition processes. Here, we examined the carbon accumulation rate (CAR), nitrogen accumulation rate (NAR) and δ13C, δ15N of plant residuals in a peat core dated back to ~8500 cal yr BP in a temperate peatland in Northeast China. Impacted by the tephra during 1160 and 789 cal yr BP and climate change, the peatland changed from a fen dominated by vascular plants to a bog dominated by Sphagnum mosses. We used the Clymo model to quantify peat addition rate and decay constant for acrotelm and catotelm layers during both bog and fen phases. Our studied peatland was dominated by Sphagnum fuscum during the bog phase (789 ~ -59 cal yr BP) and lower accumulation rates for the upper sections in the acrotelm layer during this phase, suggesting the dominant role of volcanic eruption in the CAR of the peat core. Both mean CAR and NAR were higher during the bog phase than during the fen phase in our study, consistent with the results of the only one similar study in the literature. Because the input rate of organic matter was considered to be lower during the bog phase, the decomposition process must have been much lower during the bog phase than during the fen phase and potentially controlled CAR and NAR. During the fen phase, CAR was also lower under higher temperature and summer insolation, conditions beneficial for decomposition. δ15N of Sphagnum hinted that nitrogen fixation had positive effect on nitrogen accumulation, particular in recent decades. Our study suggested that decomposition is more important for carbon and nitrogen sequestration than production in peatlands in most conditions and if future climate changes or human disturbance increase decomposition rate, carbon sequestration in peatlands will be jeopardized.

zenodo36/100

Supplementary material – Sedimentary organic matter accumulation provinces in the Santos Basin, SW Atlantic: insights from multiple bulk proxies and machine learning analysis

Table S1 - Supplementary material: a complete dataset of the bulk and isotopic composition of organic matter, pigments, biopolymers, and related indices obtained in surface sediments from the Santos Basin.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Lateral gene transfer generates accessory genes that accumulate at different rates within a grass lineage

Lateral gene transfer (LGT) is the movement of DNA between organism without sexual reproduction. The acquired genes represent genetic novelties that have independently evolved in the donor's genome. Phylogenetic methods have shown that LGT is widespread across the entire grass family, although we know little about the underlying dynamics. We identify laterally acquired genes in five de novo reference genomes from the same grass genus (four Alloteropsis semialata and one Alloteropsis angusta). Using additional resequencing data for a further 40 Alloteropsis individuals, we place the acquisition of each gene onto a phylogeny using stochastic character mapping, and then infer rates of gains and losses. We detect 168 laterally acquired genes in the five reference genomes [32-100 per genome]. Exponential decay models indicate that the rate of LGT acquisitions [6-28 per Ma] and subsequent losses [11-24% per Ma] varied significantly among lineages. Laterally acquired genes were lost at a higher rate than vertically inherited loci [0.02-0.8% per Ma]. This high turnover creates intraspecific gene content variation, with a preponderance of them occurring as accessory genes in the Alloteropsis pangenome. This rapid turnover generates standing variation that can ultimately fuel local adaptation.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Data from: Hydroxymethylbutenyl diphosphate accumulation reveals MEP pathway regulation for high CO2-induced suppression of isoprene emission

Isoprene is emitted by some plants and is the most abundant biogenic hydrocarbon entering the atmosphere. Multiple studies have elucidated protective roles of isoprene against several environmental stresses, including high temperature, excessive ozone, and herbivory attack. However, isoprene emission adversely affects atmospheric chemistry by contributing to ozone production and aerosol formation. Thus, understanding the regulation of isoprene emission in response to varying environmental conditions, for example elevated CO2, is critical to comprehend how plants will respond to climate change. Isoprene emission decreases with increasing CO2 concentration; however, the underlying mechanism of this response is currently unknown. We demonstrated that high-CO2-mediated suppression of isoprene emission is independent of photosynthesis and light intensity, but it is reduced with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we measured methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway metabolites in poplar leaves harvested at ambient and high CO2 to identify why isoprene emission is reduced under high CO2. We found that hydroxymethylbutenyl diphosphate (HMBDP) was increased and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMADP) decreased at high CO2. This implies that high CO2 impeded the conversion of HMBDP to DMADP, possibly through the inhibition of HMBDP reductase activity, resulting in reduced isoprene emission. We further demonstrated that although this phenomenon appears similar to ABA-dependent stomatal regulation, it is unrelated as abscisic acid treatment did not alter the effect of elevated CO2 on the suppression of isoprene emission. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the regulation of the MEP pathway and isoprene emission in the face of increasing CO2.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

Microbial traits dictate soil neromass accumulation coefficient: A global synthesis

The accumulation of microbial necromass carbon has drawn mounting attention due to the slow decomposition. However, it remains unclear what determines the microbial necromass carbon accumulation via reiterated community turnover on large spatial scales. This study aimed to explore the characteristics of soil necromass carbon accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems. A dataset was compiled with 993 observations on the coefficient of microbial carbon accumulation in the equilibrium from 82 peer-reviewed papers. The linear mixed-effect models and structural equation models were used to ascertain the controlling factors of NAC on a global scale. The average NAC was higher in croplands (28.2) and forests (26.8) than that in grasslands (21.1). Although the edaphic factors seemingly affect the NAC whereby the NAC lowered in soils with high levels of pH and clay content on a global scale, the biotic factors, particularly for the living microorganism abundance and microbial biomass nitrogen content, were the pivotal drivers of NAC that accounted for approximately 42.5% of the geographic variances in NAC. More organic carbon was likely to be preserved in soil with a higher NAC regardless of ecosystem types. Novel findings on the overriding controls from the living microorganism abundance and microbial biomass nitrogen in driving NAC raise an urgent need for viable strategies in manipulating microbial characteristics for carbon sequestrations.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Clinical Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Varnish in Reducing Gingival Hyperplasia, Plaque Accumulation, and White Spot Lesions in Orthodontic Patients

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07115784. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.

Study of Teriflunomide in Reducing the Frequency of Relapses and Accumulation of Disability in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00134563. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 21. Publications: 7.

Effects of PPAR Ligands on Ectopic Fat Accumulation and Inflammation

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00470262. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Buprenorphine Accumulation and Description of Its Metabolites During Co-Medication of Buprenorphine Transdermal System (BTDS) and Ketoconazole

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01259115. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Eplerenone in HIV Associated Abdominal Fat Accumulation

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01405456. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

HIV and Fat Accumulation

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01088295. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

CyPep-1 Injections in Cancer Inducing Lymphocyte Infiltrate Accumulations

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04260529. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 3. Publications: 10.

controlledIPD-YESFeb 2026View details →

Hypertension, Intracranial Pulsatility and Brain Amyloid-beta Accumulation in Older Adults (HIPAC Trial)

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03354143. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Raltegravir Therapy for Women With HIV and Fat Accumulation

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00656175. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.