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opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Unicellular endoparasites of bats

** IMPORTANT ** The final database correspond to the document "Unicellular endoparasites of bats- V2" Database of the current state of knowledge about pathogenic bacterial and protozoan species recorded or isolated from bats, with particular emphasis on main bacterial and protozoan pathogens listed by Ecker et al. (2005. BMC Microbiology, doi: 10.1186/1471-2180/5/19), as the main globally important human pathogens which infections are the principal causes of death. Please cite as: Colunga-Salas, P., Hernádez-Canchola, G., Grostieta, E., Becker, I. (2021). Bats as Hosts of Important Unicellular Endoparasites. In: Lim, B.K., et al. 50 Years of Bat Research. Fascinating Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54727-1_20

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Figure 1 Minteracarus mombasa n in A new genus and species of bat chiggers (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) from Kenya

Figure 1 Minteracarus mombasa n. sp., holotype: A – arrangement of dorsal idiosomal setae; B – arrangement of ventral idiosomal setae; C

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Figure 2 Minteracarus mombasa n in A new genus and species of bat chiggers (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) from Kenya

Figure 2 Minteracarus mombasa n. sp.: A – scutum (holotype); B – ventral aspect of gnathosoma (paratype L:7263/2); C – dorsal aspect

Figures 2–7. Cayman Islands Sphingidae. 2 in A checklist of the hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Cayman Islands: with implications for the pollination of the ghost orchid Dendrophylax fawcettii Rolfe (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) and consideration of bat predation

Figures 2–7. Cayman Islands Sphingidae. 2) Isognathus rimosa. 3) Erinnyis obscura. 4) Phryxus caicus. 5) Predation of Pachylia ficus larva by Mangrove Cuckoo, Coccyzus minor. 6) Pachylia ficus. 7) Enyo lugubris. Photographic credits: M.C. Rose-Smyth (2, 27.i.2017; 3, 08.viii.2018; 4, 24.xiii.2015, 6, 05.iv.2018; 7, 13.ii.2018), Yves-Jacques Rey-Millet (5, 29.xii.2012).

Figures 8–11. Cayman Islands Sphingidae. 8 in A checklist of the hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Cayman Islands: with implications for the pollination of the ghost orchid Dendrophylax fawcettii Rolfe (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) and consideration of bat predation

Figures 8–11. Cayman Islands Sphingidae. 8) Eumorpha vitis. 9) Eumorpha fasciatus. 10) Eumorpha satellitia posticatus. 11) Xylophanes tersa. Photographic credits: Stuart Mailer (8, 12.v.2010), Peter and Norma Davey (9, 10.ii.2018), Gary J. Goss (10, 26.vi.2017), M.C. Rose-Smyth (11, NTCI collection).

Figure 1 in A checklist of the hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Cayman Islands: with implications for the pollination of the ghost orchid Dendrophylax fawcettii Rolfe (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) and consideration of bat predation

Figure 1. Collection and observation locations in the Cayman Islands. Little Cayman: 1. Nature Trail; 2. Stonewall Dr., Spyglass Hill; 3. Pirates Point; 4. South Town (Blossom Village); 5. Cross the Land Road (now Guy Banks); 6. Central Forest, south of Sparrowhawk Hill; 7. Coppice Rd. Cayman Brac: A. West End (Cotton Tree Land); B. Stake Bay (Stakes Bay in Jordan 1940); C. Arlin Reid Drive; D. Earthquake Hole; E. Spot Bay; E1. Lighthouse Trail. Grand Cayman: F. West Bay; G. Crystal Harbour; H. George Town (Georgetown in Jordan 1940); I. Ocean Club; J. Newlands; K. North Sound Estates; L. Savannah; M. Agricultural Grounds/Pavilion/Lottery Rd.; N. Valley Gardens; O. Bodden Town; P. High Rock; Q. East End; R. Colliers Wilderness Reserve; S. Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park; T. Old Man Bay; U. Mastic Trail; V. Hutland (Hut Rd.); W. North Side; X. North Sound, Booby Cay (Booby Bay in Jordan 1940).

Figure 12 in A checklist of the hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) of the Cayman Islands: with implications for the pollination of the ghost orchid Dendrophylax fawcettii Rolfe (Orchidaceae: Angraecinae) and consideration of bat predation

Figure 12. Tongue lengths of twenty of the twenty-three species of hawkmoth found in Grand Cayman, plus that of Dolba hyloeus. Data from: Miller (1997) supplemented by Haber and Frankie (1989), Houlihan et al. (2019): and Danaher et al. (2019). Species are grouped by "pollinia carriers" and "visitors to flowers" in Florida, according to Houlihan et al. (2019) and Danaher et al. (2019) and "not observed". Colour codes are: red = species not occurring in Grand Cayman; blue = species occurring in Grand Cayman.

opencc-by-sa-4.0Feb 2018View details →

Data from: Andriollo T., Ruedi M. (2018). Novel molecular tools to identify Plecotus bats in sympatry and a review of their distribution in Switzerland. Revue suisse de Zoologie 125(1)

Supporting data for: Andriollo T., Ruedi M. (2018). Novel molecular tools to identify Plecotus bats in sympatry. Revue suisse de Zoologie 125(1): 61-72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1196013

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Data for "Re-weighing the 5% tagging recommendation: assessing the potential impacts of tags on the behavior and body condition of bats"

Database as tab-delimited (.csv) associated with the publication:  Meierhofer M.B., et al. (2024) Re-weighing the 5% tagging recommendation: assessing the potential impacts of tags on the behavior and body condition of bats. Mammal Review. Please refer to the main publication for a detailed description. An explanation of the database is available in the Metadata file uploaded alongside the database. R code to reproduce the analysis pipeline is available on GitHub: https://github.com/melissameierhofer/Meta-5-Rule.git

dryad40/100

Data for: Summer declines of cave-dwelling Tricolored Bats

Several bat species experienced rapid population declines in the northern United States and Canada in response to the white-nose syndrome (WNS) epizootic. The pathogen has since spread across the United States, including the southeast, where relatively warm temperatures may change host–pathogen interactions. In the cave-rich Tennessee-Alabama-Georgia (TAG) region, we examined the impacts of WNS and forest cover on the Tricolored Bat (Perimyotis subflavus) metapopulation using a long-term dataset of 832 cave surveys conducted in summer and winter from 2004–2022. Most bat colonies were small (<30 individuals), and bats were more likely to be present and abundant in caves surrounded by high percent forest cover, reiterating the importance of forest management for bat conservation. When comparing the years before and after the pathogen arrived in 2010–2012, bat presence and abundance during winter hibernation did not change. This stability contrasts significant declines in other studies, suggesting that Tricolored Bat populations respond differently to WNS in small colonies in the TAG region. Fewer Tricolored Bats used caves in the summer than during hibernation, but across all years, we observed 1021 Tricolored Bats in 121 caves during summer surveys. Unlike stable winter trends, bat presence and abundance declined in the post-WNS period in summer, when cave use is optional. This first broad geographical analysis of summer cave use highlights a potentially important change in bat behavior. Disease surveillance and conservation efforts that target caves with relatively small Tricolored Bat colonies in winter and/or summer may be important for regional population persistence of this threatened species.

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Fig. 2 in Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam

Fig. 2 Ventral idiosomal setae of a Ixodes collaris n. sp. (holotype) and b Ixodes vespertilionis in a similar state of encorcement. Note that I. collaris n. sp. has shorter setae anteriorly to the cenital aperture than posteriorly, whereas setae of I. vespertilionis are similar in lencth both anteriorly and posteriorly to the cenital aperture. I. collaris n. sp.: c perianal setae; d spiracular plate

Fig. 1 in Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam

Fig. 1 Dorsal view of female of Ixodes collaris n. sp. a Holotype: posteriorly broad scutum (arrow), as contrasted to that of Ixodes vespertilionis female (b); c Basis capituli and palps of paratype No. 1. showinc convex loncitudinal flanks (arrow) enclosinc the porose areas, which are loncer than broad, as contrasted to those of I. vespertilionis female (d)

Fig. 5 in Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam

Fig. 5 Drawincs of structures with diacnostic importance in the female (1) and nymph (2) of Ixodes collaris n. sp. Labels: 1.a and 2.a, capitulum dorsal view; 1.b and 2b, capitulum ventral view; 1.c and 2.c, coxae (downward: I-IV) with the collar overlayinc coxa I; 1.d and 2.d, scutum; 1.e, Haller's orcan

Fig. 4 in Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam

Fig. 4 Nymphs of Ixodes collaris n. sp. (paratype No. 2) (a, b) and I. vespertilionis (c). a I. collaris n. sp., dorsal view. b I. collaris n. sp., cnathosoma, ventral view. Note semitransparent collars extendinc above the first coxae (arrows). c Gnathosoma of I. vespertilionis, ventral view

Fig. 3 in Description of a new tick species, Ixodes collaris n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), from bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae, Rhinolophidae) in Vietnam

Fig. 3 Ventral view of female a Ixodes vespertilionis and b Ixodes collaris n. sp. (holotype). a I. vespertilionis shows lateral flance on basis capituli (blue arrow) and a few, lonc coxal setae (especially on coxa III: white arrows). Note: V-shaped arrancement of some of these setae is due to reflection. b I. collaris n. sp. with ventral collar on basis capituli (yellow arrow) and multiple, short coxal setae (black arrows)

FIGURE 2 in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats

FIGURE 2 Distributions (left), maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic trees (middle), principal component analysis (PCA) ordination plots from cranial measurements, photographs or drawings of the baculum and sonograms of echolocation calls (right) of selected groups of paramontane southern African bats having ranges categorized as arid (red symbols), Mediterranean (turquoise symbols), temperate-montane (blue), savanna-montane (orange), and tropical rain forest (green; see Table S1 for classification): horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus) of the R. capensis (a), R. darlingi (b), R. ferrumequinum (c), R. fumigatus (d) groups, wing-gland bats (Family Cistugidae, genus Cistugo (e), and long-eared serotine bats of the genus Laephotis (f)). Distribution maps were based on IUCN Redlist maps (open polygons), correctly identified vouchers from molecular studies (colored symbols; this study; GenBank; Curran et al., 2022; Demos et al., 2019; Dool et al., 2016; Taylor et al., 2018) and skulls measured in this study (crosses). In a few cases (see legends), GBIF records were indicated for the Angolan range of species. Gray shading indicates elevations over 1200 m a.s.l. Phylogenetic trees are shown for sub-clades (i.e., excluding outgroups) of three separate ML analyses undertaken with IQTREE of Rhinolophus, Cistugo, and Laephotis (Figures S2–S4). Values above nodes (in bold) represent median dates obtained for corresponding nodes from separate BEAST analyses in Figures S5–S7 (see text for details). Node support values for ML trees, obtained by the IQTREE program, are given below the nodes for SH-like approximate likelihood ratio tests (SH-aLRT), aBayes posterior probabilities, and ultra-fast bootstrap values (UFBS) respectively (see text for details). Tip labels marked in bold represent new sequences from this study. Underlined tip labels represent two instances of mtDNA introgression where morphologically distinct taxa from different biomes have near-identical cyt-b sequences. Species ranges of echolocation call peak frequencies were obtained from the literature for Rhinolophidae (Adams & Kwiecinski, 2018; Curran et al., 2022; Jacobs et al., 2013; Jacobs et al., 2017; Laverty & Berger, 2020; Monadjem et al., 2020; Mutumi et al., 2016; Odendaal & Jacobs, 2011; Odendaal et al., 2014; Schoeman & Jacobs, 2008), Cistugo (Monadjem et al., 2020; Schoeman & Jacobs, 2003, 2008), and long-eared Laephotis (Adams & Kwiecinski, 2018; Jacobs et al., 2005; Monadjem et al., 2020; Pierce et al., 2011). Bacula photographs and drawings were obtained from this study as well as Benda and Vallo (2012), Taylor et al. (2018), Curran et al. (2022). Abbreviation of South African province names: EC, Eastern Cape; FS, Free State; GP, Gauteng; KZN, KwaZulu-Natal; LP, Limpopo; MP, Mpumalanga; NC, Northern Cape; WC, Western Cape. Map lines delineate study areas and do not necessarily depict accepted national boundaries.

FIGURE 1 in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats

FIGURE 1 Maps of southern, central, and eastern Africa showing (a) topographical features referred to in this study (see text for details), and (b) the extent of minimum monthly temperatures (bioclim6) <0°C from present and past (last glacial maximum [LGM]) models (from Worldclim; https://www.worldclim.com/; see Methods for more details). Gray or darker shading in both maps indicates mountains>1200 m in elevation. In (a), the acronym HEAN stands for the Highlands and Escarpments of Angola and Namibia (Mendelsohn et al., 2023); SEAMA stands for the South-East African Montane Archipelago (Bayliss et al., 2024); LMEE stands for the Limpopo–Mpumalanga– Eswatini Escarpment (Clark et al., 2022). The map in (b) shows distribution points of horseshoe bats, Rhinolophus (crosses), wing-gland bats, Cistugo (open triangles) and long-eared bats, Laephotis (open squares) based on morphological and molecular results from this study and from published a GenBank cyt-b sequences. In (b), minimum monthly temperatures <0°C indicated for the present (blue) and LGM (red), approximating the extent of frost (and hence temperate grasslands) currently and during the LGM (idea from Brain, 1985). Map lines delineate study areas and do not necessarily depict accepted national boundaries.

FIGURE 3 in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats

FIGURE 3 Map of southern, central, and eastern Africa showing major geographic features (as in Figure 1a) but with biogeographical barriers elucidated by this study indicated as red dashed lines, labelled as (i) to (vii) (see Discussion), and taxa specific to different ranges indicated according to the predominant biomes (green = tropical; red = arid, turquoise = Mediterranean, blue = temperate, orange = savanna). Note that only one savanna lineage is here indicated for ease of visualization. Map lines delineate study areas and do not necessarily depict accepted national boundaries.

TA B L E 1 Summary of model fit, based on the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for training data, and the most important bioclimatic variables in past, present, and future (2070) Maxent models of 13 bat species included in this study. in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats

TA B L E 1 Summary of model fit, based on the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for training data, and the most important bioclimatic variables in past, present, and future (2070) Maxent models of 13 bat species included in this study.

FIGURE 4 in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats

FIGURE 4 Maps of south-central Africa showing the distribution of Köppen–Geiger climate zones for the present (a) and projected future (2070) (b), as well as past (last glacial maximum: left panel), present (right panel), and projected future (2070; right panel) Maxent distribution models for five species groups of bats; Rhinolophus capensis group (c–e: green = R. swinnyi; blue = R. rhodesiae; orange = R. simulator; turquoise = R. capensis; red = R. denti); R. darlingi group (f–h: blue = R. cervenyi; orange = R. darlingi; red = R. damarensis), R. ferruquinum group, in part (i–k: blue = R. acrotis), Laephotis spp (l–n: blue = L. cf. botswanae; orange = L. angolensis), Cistugo spp (o–q: blue = C. lesueuri; red = C. seabrae). Details of Maxent models given in text. Ranges of species above indicated by colors corresponding to biomes recognized in this study (Tables S1 and S2) as follows: blue or green = temperate; orange = savanna; turquoise = Mediterranean; red = arid. Map lines delineate study areas and do not necessarily depict accepted national boundaries.