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772 results for “fronts”
Nicosia, Cyprus. Bedesten. Drawing of the west front elevation.
<p>Nicosia, Cyprus. Bedesten. Drawing of the west front elevation.</p>
Data from: Broad-front migration leads to strong migratory connectivity in the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni)
Aim: Migratory animals regularly move between often distant breeding and non-breeding ranges. Knowledge about how these ranges are linked by movements of individuals from different populations is crucial for unravelling temporal variability in population spatial structuring and for identifying environmental drivers of population dynamics acting at different spatio-temporal scales. We performed a large-scale individual-based migration tracking study of the lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni), an Afro-Palearctic migratory raptor, to determine the patterns of migratory connectivity of European breeding populations. Location: Europe, Africa. Methods: Migration data were recorded using different devices (geolocators, Argos PTTs, GPS loggers) from 87 individuals breeding in the three core European populations, located in the Iberian, Italian and Balkan peninsulas. We estimated connectivity by the Mantel correlation coefficient (rM), and computed both the degree of separation between the non-breeding areas of individuals from the same population (i.e., the population spread) and the relative size of the non-breeding range (i.e., the non-breeding range spread). Results: European lesser kestrels migrated on a broad-front across the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert, with different populations using different routes. Iberian birds migrated to western Sahel (Senegal, Mauritania, western Mali), Balkan birds migrated chiefly to central-eastern Sahel (Niger, Nigeria, Chad), whereas Italian ones spread from eastern Mali to Nigeria. Spatial differentiation of non-breeding areas led to a strong migratory connectivity (rM = 0.58), associated with a relatively high population (637 km) and non-breeding range (1149 km) spread. Main conclusions: Our comprehensive analysis of the non-breeding distribution of European lesser kestrel populations revealed a strong migratory connectivity, a rare occurrence in long-distance avian migrants. The geographic conformation of the species' breeding and non-breeding ranges, together with broad-front migration across ecological barriers, promoted the differentiation of migratory routes and non-breeding areas. Strong connectivity could then arise because of both high population spread and broad non-breeding range.
On the (Un-)Adoption of JavaScript Front-end Frameworks
<p>DBR</p>
Data from: Crossing the divide: admixture across the Antarctic Polar Front revealed by the brittle star Astrotoma agassizii
The Antarctic Polar Front (APF) is one of the most well-defined and persistent oceanographic features on the planet and serves as a barrier to dispersal between the Southern Ocean and lower latitudes. High levels of endemism in the Southern Ocean have been attributed to this barrier, whereas the accompanying Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) likely promotes west-to-east dispersal. Previous phylogeographic work on the brittle star Astrotoma agassizii Lyman, 1875 based on mitochondrial genes suggested isolation across the APF, even though populations in both South American waters and the Southern Ocean are morphologically indistinguishable. Here, we revisit this finding using a high-resolution 2b-RAD (restriction-site-associated DNA) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based approach, in addition to enlarged mitochondrial DNA data sets (16S rDNA, COI, and COII), for comparison to previous work. In total, 955 biallelic SNP loci confirmed the existence of strongly divergent populations on either side of the Drake Passage. Interestingly, genetic admixture was detected between South America and the Southern Ocean in five individuals on both sides of the APF, revealing evidence of recent or ongoing genetic contact. We also identified two differentiated populations on the Patagonian Shelf with six admixed individuals from these two populations. These findings suggest that the APF is a strong but imperfect barrier. Fluctuations in location and strength of the APF and ACC due to climate shifts may have profound consequences for levels of admixture or endemism in this region of the world.
Data from: Wildfire activity and land use drove 20th-century changes in forest cover in the Colorado front range
Recent shifts in global forest area highlight the importance of understanding the causes and consequences of forest change. To examine the influence of several potential drivers of forest cover change, we used supervised classifications of historical (1938–1940) and contemporary (2015) aerial imagery covering a 2932‐km2 study area in the northern Front Range (NFR) of Colorado and we linked observed changes in forest cover with abiotic factors, land use, and fire history. Forest cover in the NFR demonstrated broad‐scale changes 1938–2015 and overall cover increased 7.8%, but there was notable spatial variability and many sites also experienced Forest Loss. Recent (1978–2015) wildfire was the largest single driver of Forest Loss, with fires burning 14.3% of the total study area. Recently burned areas showed net losses of 36.9% forest cover. Reasons for Forest Gain were more complex, with elevation, past mining density, fire history, and topographic heat load index being the strongest predictors of increases in forest cover. Historical mining activity is one of the dominant anthropogenic impacts in ecosystems in the NFR and it had a complex, non‐linear relationship with 20th‐century changes in forest cover. Subalpine stands originating after stand‐replacing fires circa mid‐1800s to early 1900s showed some of the greatest gains in forest cover, indicative of slow and continuous post‐fire recovery through the 20th century. We also investigated factors such as land ownership, road density, forest management activities, and development intensity, which played detectable, but more minor roles in observed change. Twentieth‐century changes in forest cover throughout the NFR are a result of ecological disturbances and anthropogenic influences operating at varying timescales and overlaid upon variability in the abiotic environment.
Data from: Use of glacial fronts by narwhals (Monodon monoceros) in West Greenland
Glacial fronts are important summer habitat for narwhals (Monodon monoceros), however, no studies have quantified which glacial properties attract whales. We investigated the importance of glacial habitats using telemetry data from n=15 whales in September 1993-1994 and 2006-2007 in Melville Bay, West Greenland. For 41 marine-terminating glaciers, we estimated 1) narwhal presence/absence, 2) number of 24 h periods spent at glaciers, and 3) the fraction of narwhals that visited each glacier (at 5, 7, and 10 km) in autumn. We also compiled data on glacier width, ice thickness, ice velocity, front advance/retreat, area and extent of iceberg discharge, bathymetry, subglacial freshwater runoff, and sediment flux. Narwhal use of glacial habitats expanded in the 2000s likely due to reduced summer fast ice and later fall freeze-up. Using a generalized multivariate framework, glacier ice front thickness (vertical height in the water column) was a significant covariate in all models. A negative relationship with glacier velocity was included in several models and glacier front width was a significant predictor in the 2000s. Results suggest narwhals prefer glaciers with potential for higher ambient freshwater melt over glaciers with silt-laden discharge. This may represent a preference for summer freshwater habitat, similar to other Arctic monodontids.
Data from: Human–Cougar interactions in the wildland–urban interface of Colorado's front range
As human populations continue to expand across the world, the need to understand and manage wildlife populations within the wildland–urban interface is becoming commonplace. This is especially true for large carnivores as these species are not always tolerated by the public and can pose a risk to human safety. Unfortunately, information on wildlife species within the wildland–urban interface is sparse, and knowledge from wildland ecosystems does not always translate well to human‐dominated systems. Across western North America, cougars (Puma concolor) are routinely utilizing wildland–urban habitats while human use of these areas for homes and recreation is increasing. From 2007 to 2015, we studied cougar resource selection, human–cougar interaction, and cougar conflict management within the wildland–urban landscape of the northern Front Range in Colorado, USA. Resource selection of cougars within this landscape was typical of cougars in more remote settings but cougar interactions with humans tended to occur in locations cougars typically selected against, especially those in proximity to human structures. Within higher housing density areas, 83% of cougar use occurred at night, suggesting cougars generally avoided human activity by partitioning time. Only 24% of monitored cougars were reported for some type of conflict behavior but 39% of cougars sampled during feeding site investigations of GPS collar data were found to consume domestic prey items. Aversive conditioning was difficult to implement and generally ineffective for altering cougar behaviors but was thought to potentially have long‐term benefits of reinforcing fear of humans in cougars within human‐dominated areas experiencing little cougar hunting pressure. Cougars are able to exploit wildland–urban landscapes effectively, and conflict is relatively uncommon compared with the proportion of cougar use. Individual characteristics and behaviors of cougars within these areas are highly varied; therefore, conflict management is unique to each situation and should target individual behaviors. The ability of individual cougars to learn to exploit these environments with minimal human–cougar interactions suggests that maintaining older age structures, especially females, and providing a matrix of habitats, including large connected open‐space areas, would be beneficial to cougars and effectively reduce the potential for conflict.
Data from: Variation in age ratio of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese during fall migration
Annual productivity is an important parameter for the management of waterfowl populations. Fall age ratio (juveniles:total birds) is an index of productivity of the preceding breeding season. However, differences in the timing of migration between family groups and nonbreeding birds may bias age-ratio estimates. We examined temporal variation in age ratios of midcontinent greater white-fronted geese Anser albifrons frontalis from interior and northwestern Alaska at a northern autumn staging area near Delta Junction, Alaska. Photographic sampling conducted near Delta Junction resulted in an annual age ratio of 0.388 ± 0.004 (mean ± SE) in 2010 and 0.390 ± 0.001 in 2011. Our study demonstrated temporal variation in age ratios over the duration of the migration period during August and September. We recommend that sampling be conducted for 3-d periods at the beginning, middle, and end of the migration period to account for temporal variation in migration of family groups.
Old House Front
House in Nürnberg subsampled Pointcloud < 50 mb Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
FIGURES 1–11. Notoperla fasciata.1. Female pronotum. 2. Adult front procoxal projection. 3. Adult hind leg. 4. Female forewing. 5. Male genitalia, dorsal. 6. Male genitalia, lateral. 7. Female genitalia, ventral. 8. Larval head, dorsal. 9. Larval procoxal projection, dorsal. 10 in redescription of Notoperlopsis femina Illies
FIGURES 1–11. Notoperla fasciata.1. Female pronotum. 2. Adult front procoxal projection. 3. Adult hind leg. 4. Female forewing. 5. Male genitalia, dorsal. 6. Male genitalia, lateral. 7. Female genitalia, ventral. 8. Larval head, dorsal. 9. Larval procoxal projection, dorsal. 10. Larval (male) tergite 10, lateral. 11. Larval (male) tergite 10, dorsal.
FIGURES 12–20. Notoperla magnaspina. 12. Adult front procoxal projection, dorsal. 13 in redescription of Notoperlopsis femina Illies
FIGURES 12–20. Notoperla magnaspina. 12. Adult front procoxal projection, dorsal. 13. Adult foreleg, dorsal.. 14. Male genitalia, dorsal; 15. Male genitalia, lateral. 16. Female genitalia, ventral. 17. Larval front procoxal projection, dorsal. 18. Larval head, dorsal. 19. Larval tergite 10, dorsal. 20. Larval tergite 10, lateral.
FIGURES 11–16. Wagnerinus frugivorus Yoshitake. 11. Front tibia, male. 12. Mid tibia, male. 13. Hind tibia, male. 14. Venter, male. 15. Ventrites III–V, male. 16 in A new Wagnerinus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from northern Japan: Description including a DNA barcode
FIGURES 11–16. Wagnerinus frugivorus Yoshitake. 11. Front tibia, male. 12. Mid tibia, male. 13. Hind tibia, male. 14. Venter, male. 15. Ventrites III–V, male. 16. Pygidium, male. Scale: 0.20 mm for 11–13; 0.50 mm for 14, 15; 0.25 mm for 16.
FIGURE 2. Microplana aixandrei. Holotype. CRBA435. A. Living animal. B. Sagittal section through the head. C. Sagittal section through front end. D–E in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 2. Microplana aixandrei. Holotype. CRBA435. A. Living animal. B. Sagittal section through the head. C. Sagittal section through front end. D–E. Sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left. F. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
FIGURE 17 in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURE 17. Uca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852). male (ZMG 99), Indonesia, Moluccas. Tooth plates of the gastric mill: a, median tooth plate, ventral face; b, lateral tooth plate, mesial face.
FIGURES 16 in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURES 16. Uca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852): a, male (UZM), Indonesia, Soelyi; b–f, male (UZM]), Cambodia, Lam Ngob; g, female (SMF 17146) Japan, Ryukyu Islands. a, major chela, outer surface. b, major chela, outer surface; c, major chela, inner surface; d, G1, lateral surface; e, apical part of G1, lateral surface; f, apical part of G1, mesial surface; g, genital opening of female.
FIGURE 14 in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURE 14. Median tooth of the gastric mill, ventral face. a, Uca lactea (De Haan, 1835), male (SMF 17161); b, Uca mjoebergi Rathbun, 1924, male (SMF 17163).
FIGURE 18 in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURE 18. Uca lactea (De Haan, 1835): a, b, Japan, Wakayama Prefecture, Wakayama City Waka River estuary; b, anterior view; c–f, Uca perplexa (H. Milne Edwards, 1852): c, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Iriomote Island, Urauchi River estuary; d, the same specimen in displaying position; e, Indonesia, Papua, Mimika; f, posterior view. Photo credits: a, b by T. Koga (Wakayama University, Japan); c, d by S. Komai (Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan); e, f by A. Darmawan (Indonesian Institute of Sciences).
FIGURE 13. Uca mjoebergi Rathbun, 1924. a–e in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURE 13. Uca mjoebergi Rathbun, 1924. a–e, male (SMF 17156), Western Australia, 1 km E. Onslow; f–i, males (ZUM), Banda Islands; j, female (SMF 17155), Western Australia, Broome. a, merus of major chela, outer surface; b, merus of major chela, inner surface; c, major chela, outer surface; d, major chela, inner surface; e, G1, lateral surface. f, g, h, i, apical part of G1, lateral surface; j, genital opening of female.
FIGURE 12 in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURE 12. Uca annulipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1837): a, b, Mozambique, Inhaca Island; c, Thailand, Phuket, Ao Tang Kheng. d–f, Uca mjoebergi Rathbun, 1924: d, Indonesia, Sulawesi Tenggara; e, f, Australia, Darwin Island;. Photos credits: a, b, e, f by T. Detto (The Australian National University); c by S. Komai (Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan); d by R.S.K. Barnes (Cambridge University).
FIGURE 11 in Taxonomic revision of the wide-front fiddler crabs of the Uca lactea group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in the Indo-West Pacific
FIGURE 11. Uca lactea (De Haan, 1835): a, female (SMF 17159) Taiwan; b, c, paralectotype male (ZMG 105), Japan; a, genital opening; b, apical part of G1, lateral surface; c, apical part of G1, mesial surface.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.