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Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f).
Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b).
Text-fig. 2. Zamites pateri J.KVAČEK sp. nov.; Pecínov locality, holotype, No. NM-F 5185. a: Abaxial cuticle showing costal and intercostal zones, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 100 µm. b: Abaxial cuticle, detail of syndetocheilic stoma, SEM microphotograph, scale bar 10 µm. c: Abaxial cuticle showing transversely oriented stomata, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 50 µm. d: Abaxial cuticle, detail of syndetocheilic stoma showing ledges of guard cells, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 10 µm. e: Abaxial cuticle showing costal ordinary cells seen from inside, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 50 µm. f: External side of abaxial cuticle showing stoma sunken in a stomatal pit surrounded by papillae, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 10 µm. g: External side of abaxial cuticle showing papillae, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 100 µm. h: External side of abaxial cuticle showing detail of fused papillae, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 10 µm. in New Species Of Zamites From The Cenomanian Of The Bohemian Cretaceous Basin
Text-fig. 2. Zamites pateri J.KVAČEK sp. nov.; Pecínov locality, holotype, No. NM-F 5185. a: Abaxial cuticle showing costal and intercostal zones, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 100 µm. b: Abaxial cuticle, detail of syndetocheilic stoma, SEM microphotograph, scale bar 10 µm. c: Abaxial cuticle showing transversely oriented stomata, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 50 µm. d: Abaxial cuticle, detail of syndetocheilic stoma showing ledges of guard cells, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 10 µm. e: Abaxial cuticle showing costal ordinary cells seen from inside, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 50 µm. f: External side of abaxial cuticle showing stoma sunken in a stomatal pit surrounded by papillae, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 10 µm. g: External side of abaxial cuticle showing papillae, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 100 µm. h: External side of abaxial cuticle showing detail of fused papillae, SEM micro-photograph, scale bar 10 µm.
3D Models of Devil's Throat and Twin Pits Pit Craters
<p>3D models of Devil's Throat and Twin Pits pit craters in Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, from 2017 and 2022. Estimated absolute positional accuracy is ~40 m, and estimated vertical orientation certainty is ±~7°.</p>
Steelhead passage at a mid-sized dam in California assessed using PIT-tags
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Inorganic Nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed on snow samples taken from two snow pits near the long-term acrtic LTER mesic acidic tussock experimental plots Toolik Field Station 2003
Inorganic Nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed on snow samples taken from two snow pits near the long-term acrtic LTER mesic acidic tussock experimental plots. The snow layers in each pit were described and sampled separtely with the help of Matthrew Sturm.
Quantitative Pit Soil Carbon and Nitrogen on Watershed 5 at the Hubbard Brook Expermental Forest, 1983-1998
We sampled soils prior to the whole-tree harvest of watershed 5 at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in 1983, and again in 1986, 1991, and 1998, using the quantitative soil pit method. Here we report soil mass, C and N concentrations, and loss-on-ignition for each horizon in each of the 239 soil pits excavated over the four sampling years. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Snow pit chemistry data for Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley, 1993 - 2000.
Snow pits were excavated at various locations on Niwot Ridge and within the Green Lakes Valley. Temperature and snow density were measured at various depths throughout the snow cover profiles in order to characterize the temperature and snow water equivalent (SWE) of the snowpack throughout the year. Snow density was measured at 10-cm intervals using a 1000-ml cutter. Data on snow grain qualities were collected beginning in the 1994-95 snow season. Snow samples were collected and analyzed for cations and anions at the Mountain Research Station's Kiowa Laboratory.
FIG. 9. — A in Archaeozoological study of a unique Late Neolithic pit from Tepecik-Çiftlik, central Turkey
FIG. 9. — A sheep skull with strong human impacts, probably caused by a hand axe. Scale bar: 10 cm.
FIG. 1 in Archaeozoological study of a unique Late Neolithic pit from Tepecik-Çiftlik, central Turkey
FIG. 1. — Map of Turkey., site mentioned in the text;, largest city of Turkey;, capital of Turkey.
Data from: Bioerosion by pit-forming, temperate-reef sea urchins: history, rates and broader implications
Sea urchins are dominant members of rocky temperate reefs around the world. They often occur in cavities within the rock, and fit so tightly, it is natural to assume they sculpted these "pits." However, there are no experimental data demonstrating they bore pits. If they do, what are the rates and consequences of bioerosion to nearshore systems? We sampled purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, from sites with four rock types, three sedimentary (two sandstones and one mudstone) and one metamorphic (granite). A year-long experiment showed urchins excavated depressions on sedimentary rocks in just months. The rate of pit formation varied with rock type and ranged from <5 yr for medium-grain sandstone to >100 yr for granite. In the field, there were differences in pit size and shapes of the urchins (height:diameter ratio). The pits were shallow and urchins flatter at the granite site, and the pits were deeper and urchins taller at the sedimentary sites. Although overall pit sizes were larger on mudstone than on sandstone, urchin size accounted for this difference. A second, short-term experiment, showed the primary mechanism for bioerosion was ingestion of the substratum. This experiment eliminated potential confounding factors of the year-long experiment and yielded higher bioerosion rates. Given the high densities of urchins, large amounts of rock can be converted to sediment over short time periods. Urchins on sandstone can excavate as much as 11.4 kg m-2 yr-1. On a broader geographic scale, sediment production can exceed 100 t ha-1 yr-1, and across their range, their combined bioerosion is comparable to the sediment load of many rivers. The phase shift between urchin barrens and kelp bed habitats in the North Pacific is controlled by the trophic cascade of sea otters. By limiting urchin populations, these apex predators also may indirectly control a substantial component of coastal rates of bioerosion.
Image 2 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Image 2. Gravid female killed in cashew plantation during weed clearance
Figure 1 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Figure 1. Distribution of Hypnale hypnale in the study sites and cashew plantations.
Image 1 in Habitat suitability, threats and conservation strategies of Hump-nosed Pit Viper Hypnale hypnale Merrem (Reptilia: Viperidae) found in Western Ghats, Goa, India
Image 1. Hypnale hypnale in natural habitat
FS2115 Palatki Roasting Pit Panel 27
Similar model to earlier models. This shows a 15 x 10 cm area with multiple cross hatched snake like symbols that are believed to be Archaic or Early Archaic in origin. The width of each symbol is less than 1 cm. The cross hatched incised lines are precisely done on very fine (soft) clastic fracture full. This material is progressivly being eroded by exfoliation with the loss of these petroglyphs. The model, compared to previous models shows an additional small percentage loss. It also shows the nature of the native Schenebly Hill Sandstone (light brown center and left) with a small area of iron enriched sandstone typically located between the sandstone and fracture fill. Several different very thin layers (total less than 2 mm) can be seen with a small area with remnant red paint towards the right. A somewhat different style (wider) very faint snake motif can be seen on the far right of the model Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mid-ex_Pit-c
This is a mid-excavation model of Pit C, two inter-cutting troughs found near a burnt mound in Agheragh townland, on Teevurcher windfarm. Created with Agisoft photoscan from photos taken with an iphone 6 Work in progress More details will be uploaded shortly Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Støpeformgrop/Bell casting pit
Støpeformsgrop for støping av en større klokke. Klokken har hatt en indre diameter på 55 cm og en ytre diameter på ca 70 cm. Sammenlignet med andre kjente klokker tilsier dette at klokken har vært rundt 60-70 cm høy. Kullet inne i støpeformen har blitt c14 datert til 1393-1453 e.kr. _____________________________________________________________________ Bell casting pit for a large bell. The bell would have had an inner diameter of 55 cm and an outer diameter of about 70 cm. The bell would probably been around 60-70 cm high. Charcoal from the inner part of the mould has been C14 dated to 1393-1453 a.d. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Sheriff's Pit
The corner wall is all that is left of the mine manager's house of what was once an extensive ironstone mine complex. See historic photo of the site below - the building on the far left is the mine manager's house.  Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Pits from the Bronze Age
We had the chance to excavate two storage pits from the Bronze Age in Ságújfalu in July 2020. These features were quite a tipical super position in archaeological point of view, what means the pit on the right side had been dug in later then the left one. However the findings belong to the same culture (Hatvan culture) the future researchers could use this situation to refine the typology and chronolgy of the Hatvan culture in the Middle Bronze Age of Hungary. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Konsulivske Hillfort — Pit No. 3/2018 (trench 4)
The pit discovered near on of the dwellings of Konsulivske Hillfort excavated during 2018 field season. It contained a number of bones and pottery framgents. The shape of a pit was reconstructed using SfM-photogrammetry (106 images) for further volume calculation. The images reference has been made using a shape of standart A4 sheet of paper as a reference contour. An estimated volume of the pit is 520 litres. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
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