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276 results for “population biology”
Data from: Cryptic species, native populations and biological invasions by a eucalypt forest pathogen
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Data from: Low but significant genetic differentiation underlies biologically meaningful phenotypic divergence in a large Atlantic salmon population
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Data from: Maiasaura, a model organism for extinct vertebrate population biology: a large sample statistical assessment of growth dynamics and survivorship
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Data from: Migration patterns and changes in population biology associated with the worldwide spread of the oilseed rape pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans
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Data from: The population biology of fungal invasions
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Data from: What have humans done for evolutionary biology? Contributions from genes to populations
Many fundamental concepts in evolutionary biology were discovered using non-human study systems. Humans are poorly suited to key study designs used to advance this field, and are subject to cultural, technological, and medical influences often considered to restrict the pertinence of human studies to other species and general contexts. Whether studies using current and recent human populations provide insights that have broader biological relevance in evolutionary biology is, therefore, frequently questioned. We first surveyed researchers in evolutionary biology and related fields on their opinions regarding whether studies on contemporary humans can advance evolutionary biology. Almost all 442 participants agreed that humans still evolve, but fewer agreed that this occurs through natural selection. Most agreed that human studies made valuable contributions to evolutionary biology, although those less exposed to human studies expressed more negative views. With a series of examples, we discuss strengths and limitations of evolutionary studies on contemporary humans. These show that human studies provide fundamental insights into evolutionary processes, improve understanding of the biology of many other species, and will make valuable contributions to evolutionary biology in the future.
Data from: Hybrid 'superswarm' leads to rapid divergence and establishment of populations during a biological invasion
Understanding the genetic background of invading species can be crucial information clarifying why they become invasive. Intraspecific genetic admixture among lineages separated in the native ranges may promote the rate and extent of an invasion by substantially increasing standing genetic variation. Here, we examined the genetic relationships among threespine stickleback that recently colonized Switzerland. This invasion results from several distinct genetic lineages that colonized multiple locations and have since undergone range expansions, where they coexist and admix in parts of their range. Using 17 microsatellites genotyped for 634 individuals collected from 17 Swiss and two non-Swiss European sites, we reconstruct the invasion of stickleback and investigate the potential and extent of admixture and hybridization among the colonizing lineages from a population genetic perspective. Specifically, we test for an increase in standing genetic variation in populations where multiple lineages coexist. We find strong evidence of massive hybridization early on, followed by what appears to be recent increased genetic isolation and the formation of several new genetically distinguishable populations, consistent with a hybrid 'superswarm'. This massive hybridization and population formation event(s) occurred over approximately 140 years and likely fuelled the successful invasion of a diverse range of habitats. The implications are that multiple colonizations coupled with hybridization can lead to the formation of new stable genetic populations potentially kick-starting speciation and adaptive radiation over a very short timescale.
Figure 1 in Population dynamics and reproductive biology of the sandhopper Atlantorchestoidea brasiliensis (Amphipoda: Talitridae) of a sandy beach in Southwestern Atlantic Coast
Figure 1. Location of study area, Sossego Beach, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Figure 5. A in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event
Figure 5. A representation of the difference in morphology between male Litoria genimaculata and Litoria myola sp. nov. The box plots compare morphology of L. genimaculata from across the Wet Tropics, L. genimaculata from the Kuranda area, and L. myola sp. nov. PC1 accounts for 87.8% of the variation in morphology (SVL, TL, HW, and weight) across L. genimaculata and L. myola sp. nov. PC1 is loaded equally and positively by all four characters (approximately 0.94 for each) and therefore represents body size. The box plots show the median, 25th and 75th quartiles, and minimum and maximum data of PC1.
Figure 4. A in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event
Figure 4. A representation of the difference in call between Litoria genimaculata and Litoria myola sp. nov. The box plots compare calls of L. genimaculata from across the Wet Tropics, L. genimaculata from the Kuranda area, and L. myola sp. nov. PC1 accounts for 67.2% of the variation in call (duration, dominant frequency and note rate) across L. genimaculata and L. myola sp. nov. PC1 is loaded heavily by inverse call duration (0.95) and note rate (0.93), and moderately by dominant frequency (0.51). The box plots show the median, 25th and 75th quartiles, and minimum and maximum data of PC1.
Figure 6 in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event
Figure 6. The distribution of Litoria myola sp. nov. and Litoria genimaculata in the Kuranda area. The pie charts show the proportion of L. myola sp. nov. (black) and L. genimaculata (grey) individuals on five streams. Nearby sites on the streams are grouped together to provide a consistent scale. Sample size for the pie charts averages 20 individuals. The squares show additional sites where L. myola sp. nov. (black squares) and L. genimaculata (grey squares) have been recorded but relative proportions of each have not been determined. All L. genimaculata are northern lineage individuals. Major stream catchments flowing into the Barron River are marked. The sections of stream without records of either species are either unsuitable habitat or have not yet been surveyed. Sites surrounding this area are occupied by northern lineage L. genimaculata or are unsuitable habitat (Fig. 1).
Fig. 3 in The biology of an isolated Mashona mole-rat population from southern Malawi, with implications for the diversity and biogeography of the genus Fukomys
Fig. 3 Karyogram of a male Fukomys darlingi from Nsanje, Malawi; 2n = 54; aFN = 76. The chromosomes were paired by eye and ordered according to the position of the centromere and chromosome size. The X chromosome was arbitrarily designated. The vertical bar represents 10 µm
Fig. 2 in The biology of an isolated Mashona mole-rat population from southern Malawi, with implications for the diversity and biogeography of the genus Fukomys
Fig. 2 Selected Fukomys molerats from Malawi and adjacent regions. Shown are representatives of F. whytei from southern Tanzania (top left), nominate F. darlingi from Zimbabwe (top right), and F. darlingi from Nsanje in southern Malawi (below left: in the field on the day of capture; below right: captive family at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice). Photos by Tim Jackson and R. Šumbera
Figure 2 from: Niemiller ML, Inebnit T, Hinkle A, Jones BD, Jones M, Lamb J, Mann N, Miller B, Pinkley J, Pitts S, Sapkota KN, Slay ME (2019) Discovery of a new population of the federally endangered Alabama Cave Shrimp, Palaemonias alabamae Smalley, 1961, in northern Alabama. Subterranean Biology 32: 43-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.38280
Figure 2 Photographs of the cave shrimp from Fern Cave, Jackson County, Alabama in life: dorsal (A) and lateral views (B).
Figure 4 from: Niemiller ML, Inebnit T, Hinkle A, Jones BD, Jones M, Lamb J, Mann N, Miller B, Pinkley J, Pitts S, Sapkota KN, Slay ME (2019) Discovery of a new population of the federally endangered Alabama Cave Shrimp, Palaemonias alabamae Smalley, 1961, in northern Alabama. Subterranean Biology 32: 43-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.38280
Figure 4 Bayesian phylogram showing the relationships among the new Fern Cave population and other populations of P. alabamae and P. sp. nov. in Alabama inferred from the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA locus. Posterior probabilities are to the left of the corresponding node.
Figure 1 from: Niemiller ML, Inebnit T, Hinkle A, Jones BD, Jones M, Lamb J, Mann N, Miller B, Pinkley J, Pitts S, Sapkota KN, Slay ME (2019) Discovery of a new population of the federally endangered Alabama Cave Shrimp, Palaemonias alabamae Smalley, 1961, in northern Alabama. Subterranean Biology 32: 43-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.38280
Figure 1 Distribution of the Alabama Cave Shrimp (Palaemonias alabamae) in Madison and Jackson counties, Alabama, USA. Carbonate strata are depicted in gray. Alabama Cave Shrimp sites are shown as blue dots.
Figure 3 from: Niemiller ML, Inebnit T, Hinkle A, Jones BD, Jones M, Lamb J, Mann N, Miller B, Pinkley J, Pitts S, Sapkota KN, Slay ME (2019) Discovery of a new population of the federally endangered Alabama Cave Shrimp, Palaemonias alabamae Smalley, 1961, in northern Alabama. Subterranean Biology 32: 43-59. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.32.38280
Figure 3 Joe Lamb and Bradley Jones searching for cave shrimp in an isolated pool near the Davidson Entrance to Fern Cave system on 25 August 2018.
Figure 1 in Population structure and reproductive biology of the fiddler crab Uca urvillei (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) in Maputo Bay (south Mozambique)
Figure 1. Uca urvillei (H. Milne Edwards, 1852). Size frequency distributions of all individuals sampled during the study period.
Fig. 5 in Iheringichthys labrosus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in the Piquiri River, Paraná, Brazil: population structure and some aspects of its reproductive biology
Fig. 5. Bimonthly variation of the mean values of the condition factor for females (a) and males (b) of Iheringichthys labrosus in the Piquiri River from November 2002 to September 2003. (SD = Standard deviation).
Figure 3 from: Albert J, Packer L (2013) Nesting biology and phenology of a population of Halictus farinosus Smith (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) in northern Utah. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 32: 55-73. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.32.4646
Figure 3 - Wear of mandibles (a) and wings (b) of queens (black squares) and workers (grey circles) over time.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.