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Fig. 1 in Tomographic reconstruction of the exceptionally preserved trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii

Fig. 1. Historical images of Hollier's specimen of Eophrynus prestvicii (Buckland, 1837) from the British Middle Coal Measures (Late Carboniferous, Duckmantian; ca. 311 Ma) of Coseley near Dudley, Staffordshire, UK. Dorsal (A 1 –C 1) and ventral (A 2 –C 2) views. A, after Woodward (1871: pl. 11); B, after Pocock (1902: fig. 1); C, after Petrunkevitch (1953: textfigs. 82, 83).

Fig. 5 in Tomographic reconstruction of the exceptionally preserved trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii

Fig. 5. Comparative images of modern South American laniatorids as potential ecological analogues for Carboniferous eophrynids. Although these harvestmen are not particularly closely related to trigonotarbids, a number of them also express a tuberculate dorsal body surface and marginal spination of the opisthosoma; both of which presumably deter predation by increasing handling time. All images courtesy of Ricardo Pinto da Rocha (São Paulo).

Fig. 4. A in Tomographic reconstruction of the exceptionally preserved trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii

Fig. 4. A new reconstruction of trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii (Buckland, 1837), with colouration based on modern laniatorid harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores) (see also Fig. 5). Not to scale.

Fig. 3 in Tomographic reconstruction of the exceptionally preserved trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii

Fig. 3. XMT-based reconstruction trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii (Buckland, 1837), from scans of BU 699. A. Dorsal view. B. Posterior view, legs removed, to show heavy opisthosomal ornamentation and spines (maximum width 15 mm). C. Fourth walking limb with podomeres labelled. D. Pedipalps with podomeres labelled. E. Ventral view. 1–12, segment numbers.

Fig. 2 in Tomographic reconstruction of the exceptionally preserved trigonotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii

Fig. 2. Photograph of Hollier's specimen (BU 699) of trichotarbid arachnid Eophrynus prestvicii (Buckland, 1837), whitened with ammonium chloride to improve contrast. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view.

Fig. 8. Recent crustacean Euphausia superba Dana, 1852 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 8. Recent crustacean Euphausia superba Dana, 1852 (krill) from Gerlache Strait, Antarctica. A. Left lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Detail of stalked eyes after removing head shield. All light micrographs.

Fig. 9 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 9. Spiny shields in Recent crustaceans. A. Gnathophausia zoea Willemoes−Suhm 1873 (Malacostraca, Lophogastrida). B. Porcellanid larva (Decapoda). A from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustacean; B from www.zooplankton−online.net/gallery.html (courtesy of W.S. Johnson, Goucher College); both used with permission of the copyright holders.

Fig. 5 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 5. Bivalved arthropod Isoxys acutangulus (Walcott, 1908), Burgess Shale Formation, middle Cambrian, near Field, British Columbia, Canada (see Fig. 1), general morphology. A. ROM 57902A, headshield in dorsal view without soft parts, note the different angle of the contact between the pleural folds and the cardinal spines, which allows for the position of the stalked eyes. B. ROM 57907A, B; B1, part of unique specimen from WS locality, with eyes, telson and telson flaps; B2, counterpart; B3, line drawing of specimen. C. ROM 57904A; C1, specimen showing paired midgut glands and telson flaps; C2, line drawing of specimen. All dorsoventrally compressed specimens and photographed under polarized light; B2, in water. Midgut glands in gray tone.

Fig. 6 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 6. Reconstruction of the bivalved arthropod Isoxys acutangulus (Walcott, 1908), swimming in the water column. Note that the position of the mouth and the attachments of the appendages to the body are conjectural. Not to scale.

Fig. 7. Bivalved arthropod Isoxys longissimus Simonetta and Delle Cave 1975 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 7. Bivalved arthropod Isoxys longissimus Simonetta and Delle Cave 1975. Burgess Shale Formation, middle Cambrian, near Field, British Columbia, Canada (see Fig. 1), general morphology. A. USNM 18170, holotype. B. ROM 57910A. C. ROM 57911A. D. ROM 57909A. E. ROM 57908A, B; E1, part of slightly oblique specimen with soft−body preservation, including large eye, telson and some possible exopods; E2, counterpart; E3, line drawing of specimen. F. ROM 57919A. All laterally compressed specimens. A, low angle light from top left; B–F, polarized light.

Fig. 3 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 3. Bivalved arthropod Isoxys acutangulus (Walcott, 1908), Raymond Quarry Shale Member, Burgess Shale Formation, middle Cambrian, near Field, British Columbia, Canada (see Fig. 1), general morphology. A. ROM 57898A; A1, specimen showing large stalked eyes and the pair of raptorial frontal appendages; A2, line drawing of specimen. B. ROM 57914A; B1, partially decayed specimen with most of body and appendages rotated towards the front; B2, line drawing of specimen. C. ROM 57899A; C1, specimen with raptorial appendages oriented backwards and possible telson flaps; C2, line drawing of specimen. D. ROM 59871A; D1, considerably decayed specimen showing forward rotation of body and appendage remains; D2, line drawing of specimen. All laterally compressed specimens and polarized light. Midgut glands in gray tone.

Fig. 1. A in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 1. A. Topographic map of the Burgess Shale area near Field, British Columbia (Canada). The numbers indicate localities where specimens of Isoxys acutangulus (Walcott, 1908) and Isoxys longissimus Simonetta and Delle Cave, 1975 were collected by ROM parties. 1. West slope of Fossil Ridge: 1a, Greater Phyllopod bed, Walcott Quarry; 1b, Raymond Quarry; 1c, "persephone layer" (RQ +20 to +23); 1d, "Tuzoia layer" (TZ); 1e, Collins Quarry—"Ehmaniella Zone" (EZ) and "Upper Ehmaniella" (UE); 2, South face of Mt. Field; 3, North shoulder of Mt. Stephen (ESA, ESB); 4, S7 locality; 5, Mt. Stephen Collins Quarry (WS); 6, Mt. Stephen Trilobite Beds (ST); 7, Stanley Glacier. B. Stratigraphic section of the Burgess Shale and Stephen Formations (modified from Fletcher and Collins, 1998). Circles indicate the levels where specimens of Isoxys acutangulus (Walcott, 1908) and Isoxys longissimus Simonetta and Delle Cave, 1975 from the seven localities in A were collected.

Fig. 4 in Soft-part preservation in two species of the arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada

Fig. 4. Bivalved arthropod Isoxys acutangulus (Walcott, 1908), Raymond Quarry Shale Member, Burgess Shale Formation, middle Cambrian, near Field, British Columbia, Canada (see Fig. 1). A. ROM 57905A, B; A1, part of specimen alternating midgut glands, possibly due to compaction, and narrow doublure; A2, specimen under low angle light from top left; A3, counterpart of specimen under low angle light from top left; A4, line drawing of specimen. B. ROM 57906B; B1, specimen with raptorial appendage, and 8 sets of midgut glands; B2, image showing endopod and exopod details; B3, specimen under low angle light from top left; B4, line drawing of specimen. All laterally compressed specimens. A1, B1, B2, polarized light; B2, in water; A2, A3, and B3 dry. Midgut glands in gray tone.

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Fig. 8. Sauropod ichnites with well preserved morphologies from the general track record. A–I in New sauropod trackways from the Middle Jurassic of Portugal

Fig. 8. Sauropod ichnites with well preserved morphologies from the general track record. A–I. sauropod manus prints (redrawn from Dalla Vecchia and Tarlao 2000). A. Polyonyx gomesi igen. et isp. nov. from the Middle Jurassic of Portugal. B. Polyonyx isp. from the Middle Jurassic of Portugal. C. left manus print of a quadrupedal dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. D. Unnamed print from the Lower Cretaceous of Italy. E. Titanosaurimanus nana from the Early Cretaceous of Croatia. F. Brontopodus birdi from the Lower Cretaceous of USA. G. Unnamed print from the Upper Cretaceous of Bolivia. H. Breviparopus taghbaloutensis from the Middle Jurassic of Morocco. I. Parabrontopodus mcintoshi from the Upper Jurassic of USA. J–N. Sauropod pes prints. J. Breviparopus taghbaloutensis from the Middle Jurassic of Morocco. K. Polyonyx gomesi igen. et isp. nov. from the Middle Jurassic of Portugal. L. Brontopodus birdi from the Lower Cretaceous of USA. M. Brontopodus aff. B. birdi from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal. N. Unnamed print from the Upper Jurassic of Asturias, Spain. A, B, K, after Santos et al. (1994); C, after Santos et al. (1995), Santos (2003); D, after Dalla Vecchia 1999; E, after Dalla Vecchia and Tarlao 2000; F, L, after Farlow at al. (1989); G, after Lockley et al. (2002); H, J, after Dutuit and Ouazzou (1980), Ishigaki (1989); I, after Lockley et al. 1994a; M, after Meyer et al. 1994, Santos 2003; N, after Lires 2000.

Fig. 8 in The Chinchilla Local Fauna: An exceptionally rich and well-preserved Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from fluviatile deposits of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

Fig. 8. Macropodids from Chinchilla Sand, Australia, Pliocene. A. Simosthenurus antiquus (Bartholomai, 1963), QM F2975, partial left maxilla of probable Chinchilla provenance. B. Sthenurus andersoni Marcus, 1962, QM F814, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, left juvenile dentary. C. Macropus agilis siva (de Vis, 1895), QM F4733, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, right mandibular fragment. D. Sthenurus notabilis Bartholomai, 1963, QM F3817, Chinchilla Rifle Range, right mandibular ramus. E. Troposodon gurar Flannery and Archer, 1983, QM F4609, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, right dentary of probable Chinchilla provenance. F. Protemnodon devisi Bartholomai, 1973, QM F4710, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, partial left mandibular ramus. G. Macropus dryas de Vis, 1895, QM F3582, partial right maxilla of probable Chinchilla provenance. H. Protemnodon chinchillaensis Bartholomai, 1973, QM F5246, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, partial right mandibular ramus. I. Bohra wilkinsonorum Dawson, 2004, QM F43277, Chinchilla Rifle Range, right maxillary fragment. J. Wallabia indra (de Vis, 1895), QM F3595, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, left mandibular ramus. K. Troposodon minor (Owen, 1877), QM F4389, Condamine River, "50 yards east of Chinchilla Rifle Range", right maxillary fragment. L. Prionotemnus palankarinnicus Stirton, 1955, QM F3589, partial right mandibular ramus of probable Chinchilla provenance. M. Silvaroo bila Dawson, 2004, QM F43276, Chinchilla Rifle Range, left maxillary fragment. N. Silvaroo sp., QM F43281, Chinchilla Rifle Range, right mandibular ramus. O. Macropus woodsi Bartholomai, 1975, QM F5465, Chinchilla Rifle Range, partial left maxilla. P. Macropus pan de Vis, 1895, QM F2925, partial right maxilla of probable Chinchilla provenance. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 6 in The Chinchilla Local Fauna: An exceptionally rich and well-preserved Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from fluviatile deposits of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

Fig. 6. Mammal species of uncertain taxonomic identity from unspecified localities near Chinchilla, Australia, Pliocene. A. Koalemus ingens de Vis, 1889, QM F683, partial right fibula. B. Synaptodon aevorum de Vis, 1888, QM F811, right dentary fragment. C. Archizonurus securus de Vis, 1889, QM F682, proximal left scapula. D. Phalanger procuscus (de Vis, 1889), QM F687, right scapula. E. Chronozoon australe de Vis, 1883, QM F610, calvarium. F. Brachalletes palmeri de Vis, 1883, QM F3308, right femur. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 7 in The Chinchilla Local Fauna: An exceptionally rich and well-preserved Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from fluviatile deposits of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

Fig. 7. Non-macropodid marsupials from Chinchilla Sand, Australia, Pliocene. A. Dasyurus dunmalli Bartholomai, 1971, QM F6579, Chinchilla Rifle Range, left mandibular ramus. B. Koobor notabilis (de Vis, 1889), QM F691, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, left maxillary fragment. C. Phascolarctidae gen. et sp. indet., QM F52287, Chinchilla Rifle Range, left dentary fragment. D. Phascolarctos?stirtoni Bartholomai, 1968, QM F52289, Chinchilla Rifle Range, isolated RM1, RM2 or RM3 fragment. E. Archerium chinchillaensis Wroe and Mackness, 2000, QM F39847, Chinchilla Rifle Range, left maxillary fragment. F. Thylacoleo crassidentatus Bartholomai, 1962, QM F3565, right mandibular ramus. G. Euryzygoma dunense (de Vis, 1888), QM F376, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, left mandible. H. Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800), QM F743, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, proximal right tibia. I. Palorchestes parvus de Vis, 1895, QM F783, unspecified locality near Chinchilla, left mandibular fragment. J. Euowenia grata (de Vis, 1887), QM F519, north bank of Condamine River, mandible. K. Thylacinus cynocephalus (Harris, 1808), QM F9476, Chinchilla Rifle Range, right mandibular fragment.

Fig. 2 in The Chinchilla Local Fauna: An exceptionally rich and well-preserved Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from fluviatile deposits of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

Fig. 2. Part of the Chinchilla gully system in the Chinchilla Rifle Range, showing the dominant sedimentary units present.

Fig. 5 in The Chinchilla Local Fauna: An exceptionally rich and well-preserved Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from fluviatile deposits of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

Fig. 5. Birds from unspecified localities near Chinchilla, Australia, Pliocene. A. Aythya australis Eyton, 1838, QM F1124, left tibiotarsus. B. Leipoa gallinacean (de Vis, 1888), QM F1132, partial carpometacarpus. C. Biziura lobata Shaw, 1796, QM F1125, partial left humerus. D. Anas superciliosa Gmelin, 1789, QM F5550, left coracoid. E. Fulica atra Linneaus, 1758, QM F1129, proximal right humerus. F. Gallinula morterii du Bus, 1840, QM F1138, distal right humerus. G. Charadriiformes gen. et sp. indet., QM F5543, proximal left femur. H. Necrastur alecer de Vis, 1892, QM F1136, proximal right humerus. I. Microcarbo melanoleucos Vieillot, 1817, QM F1130, right humerus. J. Ciconia nana (de Vis, 1888), QM F1131, distal right tibiotarsus. K. Dromaius novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790), QM F56203, third trochlea of the tarsometatarsus. Scale bars 10 mm.

Fig. 3 in The Chinchilla Local Fauna: An exceptionally rich and well-preserved Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from fluviatile deposits of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

Fig. 3. Lungfish toothplates from unspecified locality near Chinchilla, Australia, Pliocene. A. Metaceratodus palmeri (Krefft, 1874), QM F10537. B. Neoceratodus forsteri (Krefft, 1870), QM F56224. Scale bars 10 mm.