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Fig. 8 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 8. Tropeognathine pterosaur Siroccopteryx moroccensis Mader and Kellner, 1999, LINHM FR016, Kem Kem beds, Morocco,?Albian–lower Cenomanian. A. Photograph in anterior (A1), left lateral (A2), and dorsal (A3) views. B. Interpretation of the palatal view following Mader and Kellner (1999). Photographs courtesy of Megan L. Jacobs. Drawing by RVP based on Mader and Kellner (1999).

Fig. 6 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 6. Anhanguerid pterosaur Aerodraco sedgwickii gen. et comb. nov., CAMSM B54422, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England, Albian. In anterior (A1), left lateral (A2), palatal (A3), right lateral (A4), and dorsal (A5) views. Photographs by BH.

Fig. 1. Anhanguerid pterosaur Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen, 1874 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 1. Anhanguerid pterosaur Coloborhynchus clavirostris Owen, 1874, NHMUK PV R1822, St. LeonardsonSea, East Sussex, England, late Berriasian–Valanginian. In anterior (A1), left lateral (A2), palatal (A3), dorsal (A4), and right lateral (A5) views. Photographs from NHMUK data portal collections (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/).

Fig. 7. Australian tropeognathine pterosaurs. A in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 7. Australian tropeognathine pterosaurs. A. Ferrodraco lentoni Pentland, Poropat, Tischler, Sloan, and Elliott, 2019, AODF 876, Winton, Queensland, Australia, upper Cenomanian–lower Turonian. In anterior (A1) and left lateral (A2) views. B. Mythunga camara Molnar and Thulborn, 2008, QM F18896, Hughenden, Queensland, Australia, Albian. In left lateral view. Pictures modified from Pentland et al. (2019) under a CCBY 4.0 license.

Fig. 2 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 2. Anhanguerid pterosaur Nicorhynchus capito gen. et comb. nov. (holotype), CAMSM B54625, Chesterton, Cambridgeshire, England, Albian. In anterior (A1), right lateral (A2), palatal (A3), and left lateral (A4) views. A1 and A3 modified from Rodrigues and Kellner (2013), A2 and A4 photographs by BH.

Fig. 12 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 12. Tropeognathinae anterior comparative plate. Palates in occlusal views. A. Ferrodraco lentoni. B. Tropeognathus mesembrinus; black area in A represents a lower tooth; dashed line represents the weathered contour of the 3rd alveoli (see Pentland et al. 2019 for further details). C. Siroccopteryx moroccensis. Scale bars 20 mm. Drawings by RVP.

Fig. 10 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 10. Phylogenetic relationships of the Coloborhynchinae and Tropeognathinae clade nov. within Lanceodontia. Outgroup relationships are not shown see SOM: fig. S3 for further details). Gray bar shows uncertain temporal range. Stratigraphic chart modified from Cohen et al. (2013). Drawing by BH. New taxa combinations and species proposed in this paper marked in bold. Abbreviations: Al, Albian; Ap, Aptian; Ba, Barrenian Be, Berriasian; Ca, Campanian; Ce, Cenomanian; Co, Coniacian; Ha, Hauterivian; Ki, Kimmeridgian; Ma, Maastrichtian; Ox, Oxfordian; Sa, Santonian; Ti, Tithonian; Tu, Turonian; Va, Valangian.

Fig. 3 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 3. Anhanguerid pterosaur Nicorhynchus fluviferox comb. nov., FSACKK 10701, Hassi El Begaa, Er Rachidia Province, Morocco,?Albian–lower Cenomanian. In anterior (A1), posterior (A2), left (A3) and right (A4) lateral, palatal (A5), and dorsal (A6) views. Photographs courtesy of Megan L. Jacobs.

Fig. 5 in A taxonomic and phylogenetic review of the anhanguerid pterosaur group Coloborhynchinae and the new clade Tropeognathinae

Fig. 5. Anhanguerid pterosaur Uktenadactylus rodriguesae sp. nov., IWCMS 2014.82, Sudmoor Point, Isle of Wight, England, Barremian. In anterior (A1), left (A2) and right (A3) lateral, posterior (A4), and palatal (A5) views. Photographs by BH.

Figure 15. Parathyonidium incertum Heding, 1954. a–c, paratypes NHMUK 2011.171–173. a in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 15. Parathyonidium incertum Heding, 1954. a–c, paratypes NHMUK 2011.171–173. a, specimen showing large radial tube feet, and smaller tentacle aligned with radius / ambulacrum (oeophagus everted); b, dorsal inter-radial male genital papilla immediately distal to tentacle crown; c, view of tentacle crown with smallest tentacles aligned with radii / ambulacra (denoted by red spot; top right small tentacle obscured by larger tentacle). d–f, specimen NMV F104998. d, SEM images of ossicles from tentacles; e, SEM images of ossicles from dorsal mid-body wall; f, SEM images of ossicles from ventral mid-body wall.

Figure 14 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 14. SEM images of peri-anal body wall ossicles from holotype of Crucella susannae O'Loughlin sp. nov. (holotype NMV F193782). Top: typical mid-body wall ossicles in the peri-anal region. Bottom: fragment of peri-anal scale with some secondary layer development, and perforated plates with secondary layer developments.

Figure 13. Crucella susannae O in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 13. Crucella susannae O'Loughlin sp. nov. a, photo of live specimen of a paratype (Elephant I.; NMV F193784; photo by Susanne Lockhart); b–f, holotype (NMV F193782) – b, left lateral view of preserved body of holotype; c, calcareous ring, polian vesicle, gonad tubules; d, SEM images of tentacle ossicles; e, SEM images of body wall ossicles; f, SEM images of fragments of endplate.

Figure 12 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 12. Maximum likelihood tree for Paracucumidae, based on COI sequences, GTR+G model, 100 bootstrap replicates, Psolidium tenue as outgroup. Filled circles>0.95 bootstrap support.

Figure 11. Laevocnus leachmani Davey and O in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 11. Laevocnus leachmani Davey and O'Loughlin sp. nov. a, preserved holotype (NIWA 42203; photo by Peter Marriot (NIWA)); b–d, SEM images of ossicles from a paratype (NIWA 61890) – b, tentacle plates; c, mid-body wall plates with one end distally spinous; d, tube foot endplate support ossicles, one with distally spinous lateral projection.

Figure 9 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 9. Maximum likelihood tree for Laevocnus clade, based on COI sequences, GTR+I model, 100 bootstrap replicates, Cladodactyla sicinski as outgroup. Filled circles>0.95 bootstrap support.

Figure 10. Laevocnus katrinae O in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 10. Laevocnus katrinae O'Loughlin sp. nov. holotype (NMV F168836). a, preserved holotype; b–f, SEM images of ossicles from the holotype – b, tentacle plates; c, mid-body wall plates with one end distally spinous; d, tube foot endplate; e, endplate support ossicles with distally spinous lateral projection; f, peri-anal plates with one end distally spinous.

Figure 8 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 8. SEM images of peri-anal spinous cross and spinous plate ossicles from specimen of Cladodactyla sicinski (O'Loughlin, 2013) (NMV F193771).

Figure 7 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 7. SEM images of ossicles from specimen of Cladodactyla sicinski (O'Loughlin, 2013) (NMV F193767). a, tentacle ossicles; b, ventral tube foot ossicles with presumed to be residual body wall plate (top) and tube foot support plate (bottom); c, ventral tube foot endplate fragments with rim of fused outer marginal support rods.

Figure 6 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 6. Photo of a live specimen of Cladodactyla sicinski (O'Loughlin, 2013) in situ in Fildes Bay on King George Island in the South Shetland Islands (photo taken by Dirk Schories (UACh) and used with permission).

Figure 5 in Four new species and a new genus of Antarctic sea cucumbers with taxonomic reviews of Cladodactyla, Pseudocnus, Paracucumidae and Parathyonidium (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida)

Figure 5. Cladodactyla sicinski (O'Loughlin, 2013) (preserved specimen, NMV F193767). a, right lateral view; b, tentacles; c, dorsal view (marsupium surface); d, ventral view; e, photos of two live specimens (South Shetland Islands; NMV F193772; photos by Susanne Lockhart).