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883 results for “termite”
Data from: Seasonally changing interactions of species traits of termites and trees promote complementarity in coarse wood decomposition
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Data from: Disentangling the aging network of a termite queen
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Ant predation towards termite and treehopper baits in the Ecuadorian Amazon
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Data from: Precipitation mediates termite functional diversity and dominance in southern Africa
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Supplementary information: Integrative taxonomy unravels the true identity of Linnaeus’ <em>Termes fatalis</em> (Isoptera: Termitidae), the source of termites’ name
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Plant species-specificity of ant-plant mutualistic interactions: Differential predation of termites by Camponotus crassus on five species of extrafloral nectaried plants
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Different strategies between queens and workers against fungal pathogens in the termite Reticulitermes chinensis
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Evidence of cospeciation between termites and their gut bacteria on a geological time scale
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Species-level termite methane production rates
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The significance of social interactions in synchronized swarming flight in a termite
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Central Arizona - Phoenix Urban LTER site, station Agricultural study sites at Central Arizona-Phoenix Urban LTER, study of animal abundance of Isoptera (termites) in units of numberPerPitfallTrap on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Central Arizona - Phoenix Urban LTER (CAP) contains animal abundance of Isoptera (termites) measurements in numberPerPitfallTrap units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Central Arizona - Phoenix Urban LTER site, station Desert study sites at Central Arizona-Phoenix Urban LTER, study of animal abundance of Isoptera (termites) in units of numberPerPitfallTrap on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Central Arizona - Phoenix Urban LTER (CAP) contains animal abundance of Isoptera (termites) measurements in numberPerPitfallTrap units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Central Arizona - Phoenix Urban LTER site, station Urban study sites at Central Arizona-Phoenix Urban LTER, study of animal abundance of Isoptera (termites) in units of numberPerPitfallTrap on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Central Arizona - Phoenix Urban LTER (CAP) contains animal abundance of Isoptera (termites) measurements in numberPerPitfallTrap units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
FIGURE 3. Gastrotermes spinatus worker gut. A in Gastrotermes spinatus gen. n. sp. n., an African soil-feeding termite described from the worker caste (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitidae)
FIGURE 3. Gastrotermes spinatus worker gut. A) cuticle of enteric valve armature and portion of EVS, B) EVS, whole mount, C) EVS and adjoining portion of P3a viewed from left aspect (Fig. 2D), D) adjoining portion of P3a viewed from ventral aspect. See Fig. 2 for abbreviations.
Data from: Division of functional roles for termite gut protists revealed by single-cell transcriptomes
<p>The microbiome in the hindgut of wood-feeding termites comprises various species of bacteria, archaea, and protists. This gut community is indispensable for the termite, which thrives solely on recalcitrant and nitrogen-poor wood. However, the difficulty in culturing these microorganisms has hindered our understanding of the function of each species in the gut. Although protists predominate in the termite gut microbiome and play a major role in wood digestion, very few culture-independent studies have explored the contribution of each species to digestion. Here, we report single-cell transcriptomes of four protists species comprising the protist population in worldwide pest <em>Coptotermes formosanus</em>. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression patterns of the genes involved in wood digestion were different among species, reinforcing their division of roles in wood degradation. Transcriptomes, together with enzyme assays, also suggested that one of the protists, <em>Cononympha leidyi</em>, actively degrades chitin and assimilates it into amino acids. We propose that C. leidyi contributes to nitrogen recycling and inhibiting infection from entomopathogenic fungi through chitin degradation. Two of the genes for chitin degradation were further revealed to be acquired via lateral gene transfer (LGT) implying the importance of LGT in the evolution of symbiosis. Our single-cell-based approach successfully characterized the function of each protist in termite hindgut and explained why the gut community includes multiple species.</p>
Septicemia of Subterranean Termites Coptotermes curvignathus Caused by Disturbance of Bacteria Isolated from Termite Gut and Its Foraging Pathways
<p><span><span>Microbial pathogens continue to attract a great deal of attention to manage termite population. Every bacterium has its own mode of action and in fact, the mechanisms used by bacteria to attack termites remains elusive at the moment.</span></span><span> </span>Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of subterranean termites <i>Coptotermes curvignathus</i> to opportunistic pathogens using culturable aerobic bacteria isolated from the termite gut and its foraging pathways. Bacterial suspensions were prepared in concentrations of 10<sup>3</sup>, 10<sup>6</sup>, and 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/mL and introduced to the termites via oral-contact and physical contact treatment. The data shows that contact method acted slower and gave lower mortality, compared to oral-contact method. <i>C. curvignathus</i> were highly susceptible to<i> Serratia marcescens and</i> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. <i>Serratia marcescens </i>showed the highest mortality percentage of 68% and 54% at bacterial concentration of 10<sup>9 </sup>CFU/mL via oral-contact and contact method, respectively. <i>S. marcescens </i>was also defined as the bacteria with the highest ability to induce high mortality of <i>C. curvignathus</i> with the lowest concentration of bacterial suspension at a given time under laboratory condition. The results of this study indicate that <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>S. </i><i>marcescens</i> in particular may be attractive candidates worth further examination as a possible biocontrol agent against <i>C. curvignathus</i> in the field and, to evaluate environmental and ecological risks of the biocontrol.</p>
Moisture alone is sufficient to impart strength but not weathering resistance to termite mound soil
<p>Soil is used for construction of structures by many animals, at times admixed with endogenous secretions. These additives, along with soil components, are suggested to have a role in biocementation. However, the relative contribution of endogenous and exogenous materials to soil strength has not been adequately established. Termite mounds are earthen structures with exceptional strength and durability including weathering resistance to wind and rain. With <i>in-situ</i> and lab-based experiments we demonstrate that the fungus-farming termite <i>Odontotermes obesus</i> which builds soil nest mounds, when given a choice, prefers soil close to its liquid limit for construction. At this moisture content, the soil–water mixture alone even in the absence of termite handling undergoes self-weight consolidation and upon drying attains a monolithic, densely packed structure with compressive strength comparable to the <i>in-situ</i> strength of the mound soil; however, the soil–water mixture alone has lower resistance to water erosion than the <i>in-situ</i> mound samples suggesting that termite secretions impart weathering resistance and thereby long-term stability to the mound. Therefore, weathering resistance and compressive strength are conferred by different aspects of termite soil manipulation. Our work provides novel insights into termite mound construction and strength correlates for earthen structures built by animals.</p>
Data from: Evolutionary relationship of fat body endoreduplication and queen fecundity in termites
Endoreduplication or nuclear genome replication without cell division is widely observed in the metabolically active tissues of plants and animals. The fat body cells of adult female insects produce abundant yolk proteins and become polyploid, which is assumed to accelerate egg production. Recently, it was reported that in termites, endopolyploidy in the fat body occurs only in queens but not in the other females; however, the relationship between the fecundity and ploidy level in the fat body remains unclear. Termite queens exhibit a huge variation in their egg producing capacity among different species; queens in the species with a foraging lifestyle, in which workers leave the nest to forage outside, are much more fecund than those in the species living in a single piece of wood. In this study, we conducted ploidy analyses on three foraging and three wood-dwelling termites via flow cytometry. In all the species, the fat body of queens contained significantly more polyploid cells than that of other nonreproductive females, considering their body size effect. However, the male fat body, which is not involved in yolk production, did not show consistency in polyploid cell numbers among the species studied. Moreover, highly fecund queens in foraging termites exhibit higher levels of endopolyploidy in their fat body than those with less fecundity in wood-dwelling termites. These results suggest that endopolyploidy in the fat body of termite queens can boost their egg production, and the level of endopolyploidy in their fat body is linked to their fecundity. Our study provides a novel insight into the evolutionary relationship between endoreduplication and caste specialization in social insects.
Experimentally measured group direct benefits according to worker density explain group living of the termite Reticulitermes chinensis
<p>The evolution of cooperation requires more benefits of group living than solitary lifestyle. However, to some degree, our understanding about the benefits is hindered by abstract debates over theoretical and experimental evidences of individual selection or group selection because it is difficult to examine the actual benefits at the group level. Moreover, group density is a crucial ecological factor which deeply affects group reproduction and survival, few studies have been performed in social insects. Here, we study the effects of worker density on group direct benefits in the termite species <i>Reticulitermes chinensis</i>. The termite <i>R.</i> <i>chinensis</i><i> </i>is<i> </i>an ideal model which lives with a high worker density in wood. We used the quantity of eggs and the total biomass (biomass of all group members) accumulation as two components of group benefits. We investigated the group benefits in the context of worker density according to eleven worker densities. And we measured the group benefits and the resource consumption with the same group members in two types of artificial nest areas. Moreover, we counted the stomodeal trophallaxis occurrences from any workers to queens under three worker densities to explore the degree of cooperation according to worker density. We found that both the number of eggs and the total biomass accumulation significantly increased with increasing worker density in groups. Furthermore, the consumption of resources was similar between groups with the same number of individuals gathered in small or large nest areas, but the production of eggs and the biomass accumulation were higher in groups of small nest areas than in large nest areas. Additionally, we found the stomodeal trophallaxis behavior significantly increased in higher worker density groups. Our results suggest that the group benefits influenced by the high worker density may at least partially explain the group living of eusocial insects in ecology.</p>
Complex relationship between tunneling patterns and individual behaviors in termites
<p>The nests built by social insects are complex group-level structures that emerge from interactions among individuals following simple behavioral rules. Nest patterns vary among species, and the theory of complex systems predicts that there is no simple one-to-one relationship between variations in collective patterns and variation in individual behaviors. Therefore, a species-by-sp<span>ecies comparison of the actual building process is essential to understand the mechanism producing diverse nest patterns. </span><span><span>Here we compare tunnel formation of three termite species, and reveal two mechanisms producing interspecific variation: in one, a common behavioral rule yields distinct patterns via parameter-tuning; in the other, distinct rules produce similar patterns. </span></span><span>We found that two related species </span><span><span>transport sand in the same way using mandibles</span></span><span> but build tunnels with different degree of branching. The variation arises from different probabilities of choosing between two behavioral options at crowded tunnel faces: excavating the sidewall to make a new branch or waiting for clearance to extend the current tunnel. We further discovered that a third species independently evolved low-branched patterns using different building rules; namely a bucket-brigade that can excavate a crowded tunnel</span><span><span>. Our findings emphasize the importance of direct comparative study of collective behaviors at both individual- and group-levels</span></span><span>. </span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.