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1,919 results for “trigger”
Interactions and Multifrequency Radiation Characteristics of Bidirectional Leaders in Altitude-Triggered Lightning
<p><span>Altitude-triggered lightning provides favorable conditions for the research of bidirectional leader system. In the summer of 2023, altitude-triggered lightning experiment was conducted on the Field Experiment Base on Lightning Sciences, China Meteorological Administration. <a name="_Hlk162343222"></a>The multifrequency radiation characteristics of bidirectional leaders and the interactions of both ends during the propagation are analyzed. Specifically, the discharge processes relevant to LF-MF magnetic radiations of bidirectional leaders can be revealed by high-speed optical images in altitude-triggered lightning, and all these LF-MF radiations correspond to VHF radiations associated with bidirectional leaders well. Unlike the close correlation between the LF-MF radiation strengths and the discharge intensities, <a name="OLE_LINK10"></a>the VHF radiation strengths vary greatly even for similar discharge events, since VHF radiations correspond to microscopic random breakdown processes. Furthermore, the changes of leader speed and channel brightness before and after the bidirectional leaders indicate that <span>the development of the two ends of bidirectional leads is mutually reinforcing.</span></span></p>
Dataset for "Time-Resolved Trigger Processes Leading to the Plinian Eruptions at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan"
<p>Dataset 1: Core compositions of plagioclase phenocrysts<br>Dataset 2: Core and rim compositions of orthopyroxene phenocrysts<br>Dataset 3: Core and rim compositions of clinopyroxene phenocrysts<br>Dataset 4: Core compositions of olivine phenocrysts in the 1914–1915 lava<br>Dataset 5: Chemical compositions of microlite-bearing groundmass glass of the 1914 Plinian pumice<br>Dataset 6: Core and rim compositions of magnetite phenocrysts<br>Dataset 7: Compositions of magnetite inclusion and hosting plagioclase<br>Dataset 8: Chemical compositions of magnetite microlites in the 1914 Plinian pumices</p>
Controlling effect of sliding zone soil on rainfall-triggered accumulation landslide in Qinling-Bashan Mountains – a typical case study
<p>The document contains the original data of the physical and mechanical tests of the slip soil in the research paper. It mainly includes the following five tables:</p> <p>Table 1 Physical properties of the soil samples;</p> <p>Table 2 Experimental scheme of ring shear tests;</p> <p> Table 3 Loading scheme of the creep test;</p> <p>Table 4 Long-term strength of specimens under different conditions;</p> <p>Table 5 Parameters of geotechnical materials used in the numerical model.</p>
Simulation data of Nonlinear Signatures of VLF-Triggered Emissions: A Simulation Study
<p>This dataset is obtained from <a href="http://space.rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp/software/">KEMPO1</a> code with minor modifications.</p>
Mutation of rpoB shifts the nutrient threshold triggering Myxococcus multicellular development
<p><span>The ability to perceive and respond to environmental change is essential to all organisms. In response to nutrient depletion, cells of the soil-dwelling δ-proteobacterium<em> Myxococcus xanthus</em> undergo collective morphogenesis into multicellular fruiting bodies and transform into stress-resistant spores. This process is strictly regulated by gene networks that incorporate both inter- and intracellular signals. While commonly studied <em>M. xanthus </em>reference strains and some natural isolates undergo development only in nutrient-poor conditions, some lab mutants and other natural isolates commit to development at much higher nutrient levels, but mechanisms enabling such rich-medium development remain elusive. Here we investigate the genetic basis of rich-medium development in one mutant and find that a single amino-acid change (S534L) in RpoB, the β-subunit of RNA polymerase, is responsible for the phenotype. Ectopic expression of the mutant <em>rpoB</em> allele was sufficient to induce nutrient-rich development. These results suggest that the universal bacterial transcription machinery bearing the altered β-subunit can relax regulation of developmental genes that are normally strictly controlled by the bacterial stringent response. Moreover, the mutation also pleiotropically mediates a tradeoff in fitness during vegetative growth between high vs low nutrient conditions and generates resistance to exploitation by a developmental cheater. Our findings reveal a previously unknown connection between the universal transcription machinery and one of the most behaviorally complex responses to environmental stress found among bacteria.</span></p>
How to trigger and keep stable directional Space–Number Associations (SNAs)
<p>Humans are prone to mentally organise the ascending series of integers according to reading habits so that in western cultures small numbers are positioned to the left of larger ones on a mental number line. Despite 140 years since seminal observations by Sir Francis Galton (Galton, 1880a, b), the functional mechanisms that give rise to directional Space–Number Associations (SNAs) remain elusive. Here, we contrasted three different experimental conditions, each including a different version of a Go/No-Go task with intermixed numerical and arrow-targets (Shaki and Fischer, 2018; Pinto et al., 2019a). We show that directional SNAs are not “all or none” phenomena. We demonstrate that SNAs get progressively less noisy and more stable the more contrasting small/large magnitude-codes and contrasting left/right spatial-codes are explicitly and fully combined in the task set. The analyses of the time–course of space-number congruency effects showed that both the absence and presence of the SNA were independent of the speed of reaction times. In agreement with our original proposal (Aiello et al., 2012), these findings show that conceptualising the ascending series of integers in spatial terms depends on the use of spatial codes in the numerical task at hand rather than on the presence of an inherent spatial dimension in the semantic representation of numbers. This evidence suggests that directional SNAs, like the SNARC effect, are secondary to the primary transfer of spatial response codes to number stimuli, rather than deriving from a primary congruency or incongruence between independent spatial-response and spatial-number codes. </p>
Dataset for the "Widespread Aseismic Slip Along the Makran Megathrust Triggered by the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan Earthquake" paper
<p>This dataset is used for the Widespread Aseismic Slip Along the Makran Megathrust Triggered by the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan Earthquake paper. Containing the ascending and descending InSAR results processing by MintPy, and the processed observation and input files for BEAT.</p>
Figures 17–19 in A new species of Solaropsisfrom Amapá, Brazil (gastropoda: Solaropsidae) triggering uncertainty about the genus and redefinition of some species
Figures 17–19. Reproduction of relevant figures of solaropsids from the literature: 17, fig. 76 of Lister (1770); 18, pl. 63, fig. G3 of Favanne (1780); 19, fig. 3 of Hupé (1857) of Helix pellisboae.
Figures 2–7 in A new species of Solaropsisfrom Amapá, Brazil (gastropoda: Solaropsidae) triggering uncertainty about the genus and redefinition of some species
Figures 2–7. Holotype of Solaropsis caperata MZSP 144000 (W = 50.2 mm): 2, apical view; 3, inferior view; 4, left view; 5, apertural view; 6, detail of region half a whorl preceding the peristome, showing characteristic depression, dorsal-slightly inferior view; 7, detail of apical region, apical view, scale = 1 mm.
Figures 10–16 in A new species of Solaropsisfrom Amapá, Brazil (gastropoda: Solaropsidae) triggering uncertainty about the genus and redefinition of some species
Figures 10–16. Paratypes of Solaropsis caperata. 10, MZSP 154136 (W 45.1 mm), frontal view; 11, same apical view; 12, same, inferior view; 13, MZSP 154137 (W 39.0 mm), frontal view; 14, same, frontalslightly inferior view to show depression; 15, same, apical view; 16, inferior view.
Figure 1 in A new species of Solaropsisfrom Amapá, Brazil (gastropoda: Solaropsidae) triggering uncertainty about the genus and redefinition of some species
Figure 1. Map of collection area, in Amapá (green), Rio Cajarí Extractive Reserve (purple), municipality of Laranjal do Jari.
Groundwater eruption triggered by distant earthquake
<p>The data is the original data of water level and precipitation in the manuscript "Groundwater eruption triggered by distant earthquake".</p>
Shape of evasive prey can be an important cue that triggers learning in avian predators
<p>This repository contain the complete dataset used for all analysis, presented within the publication "Shape of evasive prey can be an important cue that triggers learning in avian predators". </p>
Spatiotemporal correlation between artificially triggered and adjacent natural lightning flashes
<p>Triggered lightning flash (TLF) provides a unique perspective on the relationship between spatiotemporal proximity flashes, owing to its determined location and time, convenient direction measurement, and explicit association with the charge region. In this study, 3-D lightning location, current measurement, and atmospheric average electric field (AAEF) data were used to investigate the spatiotemporal relationship of TLFs (68 samples in South China) with adjacent natural lightning flashes (NLFs). The TLF-related negative charge regions had an average core height of 5.2 km and ambient temperature of approximately −1.7 °C. The effective negative charge region (the charge density that was high enough for the occurrence of lightning discharge) can be approximately equivalent to a circle with an average diameter of 10.3 km. For approximately 93% of (all) the TLFs, no NLF channel (initiation) was located within 5 km of the flash-triggered position, within 5 s before and after their occurrence. In situations where spatiotemporally adjacent NLFs and TLFs occurred, they were either associated with different charge layers, or the same charge layer but different charge positions. Most NLFs that caused significantly sharp AAEF changes just before or after the TLFs were not associated with the TLF-related negative charge. Therefore, the recovery of the AAEF, which has usually been referenced as the timing choice of the triggering operation, was not directly associated with the TLF-related charge region. The average interval between the TLFs and NLFs that occurred within 10 min before and after the TLFs and neutralized the TLF-related negative charge was approximately 145 s.</p>
The current, electromagnetic field and optical data of a rocket-triggered lightning with two grounding points
<p> The current, electromagnetic field and optical data of a rocket-triggered lightning with two grounding points are in the Data for Dataset.zip . These files can be opened by Origin 2021 . The data supports the aforementioned manuscript and can be used freely for scientific purposes with appropriate citation.</p>
Formation and transport of fluid mud triggered by typhoon events in front of the subaqueous Changjiang Delta
<p>1_SSC_calibration.xlsx is used for producing figure 2.</p> <p>2_Wind_Wave.xlsx is used for producing figure 3.</p> <p>3_SSC_contour_and_conducitivity.xlsx is used for producing figure 4.</p> <p>4_SSC_Current_Profile.xlsx is used for producing figure 5.</p> <p>5_Grain_Size.xlsx is used for producing figure 6.</p> <p>6_Current_And_Fluid_Mud_Dynamics.xlsx is used for producing figures 1, 4 and 7 and tables 1 and 2.</p> <p>7_Sediment_Flux.xlsx is used for producing figure 8.</p>
Alteration of DNA supercoiling serves as a trigger of short-term cold shock repressed genes of E. coli
<p><span>Cold shock adaptability is a key survival skill of gut </span><span>bacteria of warm-blooded animals. <em>Escherichia coli</em> cold shock responses are controlled by a complex multi-gene, timely-ordered transcriptional program. We investigated its underlying mechanisms. Having identified short-term, cold shock repressed genes, we show that their responsiveness is unrelated to their transcription factors or global regulators, while</span><span> their single-cell protein numbers' variability increases after cold shock. We hypothesized that some </span><span>cold shock repressed </span><span>genes could be triggered by high propensity for transcription locking due to changes in DNA supercoiling (likely due to DNA relaxation caused by an overall reduction in negative supercoiling). </span><span>Concomitantly, we found that nearly half of cold shock repressed genes are also highly responsive to gyrase inhibition (albeit most genes responsive to gyrase inhibition are not cold shock responsive). Further, their response strengths to cold shock and gyrase inhibition correlate. Meanwhile, under cold shock, nucleoid density increases, and gyrases and nucleoid become more colocalized. Moreover, the cellular energy decreases, which may hinder positive supercoils resolution. Overall, we conclude that sensitivity to diminished negative supercoiling is a core feature of <em>E. coli</em>'s short-term, cold shock transcriptional program, and could be used to regulate the temperature sensitivity of synthetic circuits.</span></p>
Supplementary dataset for the research article "Abrupt increase in ENSO variability at 700 CE triggered by solar activity"
<p>The dataset includes coral Sr/Ca ratio from the Xisha Islands during 665-749 CE for the research article "<strong>Abrupt increase in ENSO variability at 700 CE triggered by solar activity</strong>" by Jiang et al.</p>
Dataset for "Emerging tremors and increasing seismic noise precede micro-earthquakes triggered in a fluid-activated shale fault slip experiment (2015, Mt Terri URL, Switzerland)"
<p>This dataset contains the raw data of the injection experiment, performed in the Mt Terri Underground Platform in 2015 and used in the article:</p> <p><strong>De Barros, L., </strong>Guglielmi, Y., F. Cappa, C. Nussbaum, J. Birkholzer, 2023. Induced microseismicity and tremor signatures illuminate different slip behaviors in a natural shale fault reactivated by a fluid pressure stimulation (Mont Terri), <em>Geophysical Journal International</em>, 10.1093/gji/ggad231<br> <br> From a horizontal gallery, three vertical boreholes allowed the deployment of an injection probe (called SIMFIP; Guglielmi et al., 2014) and the monitoring sensors in the upper compartment of a N50°-60°SE fault zone. The 2.4 m long injection chamber of the SIMFIP probe was centered at 340.6 m depth, where a 3D displacement sensor was anchored on the borehole walls. A second SIMFIP probe is located 3.1 m northwest of the injection at a depth of 337.65 m, with another deformation sensor. Both deformation sensors measured the full strain tensor thanks to a Bragg optic fiber network, jointly with a fluid pressure sensor. A third borehole, located 2 m north of the monitoring probe, was dedicated to seismic monitoring. Two sets of collocated sensors, composed of a vertical geophone, a 3C accelerometer and an acoustic sensor, were positioned 9 m apart, above and below the main fault zone. These seismic sensors have a flat response in the ranges 0.01-0.5 kHz, 0.01-4 kHz and 0.5-10 kHz, respectively. Finally, the flowrate and pressure were also measured at the injection pump, located in the gallery.<br> For more details on the injection, we refer the reader to:<br> • Jeanne, P., Guglielmi, Y., Rutqvist, J., Nussbaum, C., Birkholzer, J., 2018. Permeability Variations Associated With Fault Reactivation in a Claystone Formation Investigated by Field Experiments and Numerical Simulations. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 123, 1694–1710. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB015149<br> • Guglielmi, Y., Nussbaum, C., Cappa, F., De Barros, L., Rutqvist, J., Birkholzer, J., 2021. Field-scale fault reactivation experiments by fluid injection highlight aseismic leakage in caprock analogs: Implications for CO2 sequestration. Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control 111, 103471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2021.103471<br> • Guglielmi, Y., Nussbaum, C., Jeanne, P., Rutqvist, J., Cappa, F., Birkholzer, J., 2020. Complexity of Fault Rupture and Fluid Leakage in Shale: Insights From a Controlled Fault Activation Experiment. J.Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 125, e2019JB017781. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017781<br> • Guglielmi, Y., Cappa, F., Lançon, H., Janowczyk, J.B., Rutqvist, J., Tsang, C.F., Wang, J.S.Y., 2014. ISRM Suggested Method for Step-Rate Injection Method for Fracture In-Situ Properties (SIMFIP): Using a 3-Components Borehole Deformation Sensor. Rock Mech. Rock Eng. 47, 303–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-013-0517-1</p>
Tidal triggering of seismic swarm associated with hydrothermal circulation at Blanco Ridge Transform Fault Zone in northeast Pacific
<p>Supplementary Information</p> <p>for</p> <p>Tidal triggering of seismic swarm associated with hydrothermal circulation at Blanco Ridge Transform Fault Zone in northeast Pacific</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.