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Fig. 21 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 21. Collignoniceras woollgari regulare (Haas, 1946). A, B. USNM 498239, gracile form. C,

Fig. 13 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 13. Collignoniceras woollgari woollgari (Mantell, 1822). USNM 498216, from locality 48.

Fig. 24 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 24. Collignoniceras woollgari regulare (Haas, 1946). USNM 420012, robust form from locality

Fig. 6 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 6. Cibolaites molenaari Cobban and Hook, 1983. A–C. Paratype USNM 328761, a gracile

Fig. 4 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 4. Measurements used in the text: D = diameter, Wb = whorl breadth, Wh = whorl height, U

Fig. 2 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 2. Turonian ammonite zonation used in the text, based on Cobban (1984a), Kennedy et al.

Fig. 3 in A Revision Of The Turonian Members Of The Ammonite Subfamily Collignoniceratinae From The United States Western Interior And Gulf Coast

Fig. 3. Stratigraphic distribution of Collignoniceratinae in the U.S. Western Interior.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Data from: Reduced fire severity offers near-term buffer to climate-driven declines in conifer resilience across the western United States

The combination of increasing fire-caused tree mortality and warmer, drier post-fire conditions is making forests in the western United States (West) vulnerable to ecological transformation. Yet, the relative importance of and interactions between these drivers of forest change remain unresolved, particularly over upcoming decades. Here we assess how the interactive impacts of changing climate and wildfire activity influenced conifer regeneration after 334 wildfires, using a novel dataset of post-fire conifer regeneration from 10,230 field plots. Our findings highlight declining regeneration capacity across the West over the past four decades for the eight dominant conifer species studied. Post-fire regeneration is sensitive to high-severity fire, which limits seed availability, and post-fire climate, which influences seedling establishment and survival. In the near-term, projected differences in recruitment probability between low- and high-severity fire scenarios were larger than projected impacts of climate change for most species, suggesting that reductions in fire severity, and resultant impacts on seed availability, could partially offset expected climate-driven declines in post-fire regeneration. Across 40–42% of the study area, we project post-fire conifer regeneration to be likely following low-severity but not high-severity fire under future climate scenarios (2031–2050). However, increasingly warm, dry climate conditions are projected to eventually outweigh the influence of fire severity and seed availability. The percent of the study area considered unlikely to experience conifer regeneration, regardless of fire severity, increased from 5% in 1981–2000 to 26–31% by mid-century, highlighting a limited time window over which management actions that reduce fire severity may effectively support post-fire conifer regeneration.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

ERA5 Cutout of the Western United States (y.2019)

2019 ERA5 Cutout for Western United States for use in the pypsa-usa workflow   Created Using the Atlite tool: Hofmann et al., (2021). atlite: A Lightweight Python Package for Calculating Renewable Power Potentials and Time Series. Journal of Open Source Software, 6(62), 3294, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.03294

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Records of myxomycetes in the eastern and western parts of the United States

This file contains the clean list of myxomycete records found by the authors after an exhaustive record review and that was used in the following two articles : Stephenson SL, Stauffacher RW, Rojas C. 2020. Myxomycetes collected in the eastern United States and patterns of relative biodiversity (published in the journal Mycology) and Stephenson SL, Stauffacher RW, Rojas C. 2023. Myxomycetes collected in the western United States and patterns of relative biodiversity (published in the journal Karstenia).

publicMar 2023View details →

Data from: Reduced fire severity offers near-term buffer to climate-driven declines in conifer resilience across the western United States

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GHCN-daily: Western United States precipitation dataset

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Wildfires increasingly threaten oil and gas wells in the western United States with disproportionate impacts on marginalized populations

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dryad32/100

Data from: Behavioral evidence for fruit odor discrimination and sympatric host races of Rhagoletis pomonella flies in the western United States

The recent shift of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae) from its native host downy hawthorn, Crataegus mollis, to introduced domesticated apple, Malus domestica, in the eastern U.S. is a model for sympatric host race formation. However, the fly is also present in the western U.S., where it may have been introduced via infested apples within the last 60 years. In addition to apple, R. pomonella also infests two hawthorns in the West, one the native black hawthorn, C. douglasii, and the other the introduced English ornamental hawthorn, C. monogyna. Here, we test for behavioral evidence of host races in the western U.S. through flight tunnel assays of western R. pomonella flies to host fruit volatile blends. We report that western apple, black hawthorn, and ornamental hawthorn flies showed significantly increased levels of upwind directed flight to their respective natal compared to non-natal fruit volatile blends, consistent with host race status. We discuss the implications of the behavioral results for the origin(s) of western R. pomonella, including the possibility that western apple flies were not introduced, but may represent a recent shift from local hawthorn fly populations.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

FIGURE 7. Eucosma ridingsana female genitalia. a in A new species of Eucosma Hübner from the Western United States (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini).

FIGURE 7. Eucosma ridingsana female genitalia. a, corpus bursae; b, ovipositor lobes and apophyses; c, lamella postvaginalis and ostium bursae.

FIGURE 6. Eucosma crambitana female genitalia. a in A new species of Eucosma Hübner from the Western United States (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini).

FIGURE 6. Eucosma crambitana female genitalia. a, corpus bursae; b, ovipositor lobes and apophyses; c, lamella post vaginalis and ostium bursae.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Eucosma Hübner from the Western United States (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini).

FIGURE 4. Two views of type locality on 8 September 2004 during the flight period. a, area illuminated by UV light trap placed on author's patio; b, area illuminated by trap placed 15 m to the east, white arrow points to a clump of Gutierrezia sarothrae.

FIGURE 3. Eucosma aurilineana genitalia. a in A new species of Eucosma Hübner from the Western United States (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini).

FIGURE 3. Eucosma aurilineana genitalia. a, male; female (b–e), b, corpus bursae; bb, ductus seminalis and bursa seminalis; c, ovipositor lobes and apophyses; d, lamella postvaginalis and ostium bursae; e, signa.

FIGURE 1. Eucosma aurilineana. a in A new species of Eucosma Hübner from the Western United States (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini).

FIGURE 1. Eucosma aurilineana. a, male holotype with pin labels, WYOMING, Albany Co.; b, holotype, V; c, female paratype, Wyoming, Albany Co.; d, wing venation; arrows point to costal margin spots.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Eucosma Hübner from the Western United States (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Eucosmini).

FIGURE 2. Eucosma species from WYOMING, Albany Co. a, E. ridingsana, a large specimen (arrow denotes diagonal band at intersection with costal margin): b, E. crambitana (arrow denotes absence of marginal spots).