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FIGURE 2 in Phylogenetic position and independent generic status of Indocypraea (Asteraceae-Heliantheae-Ecliptinae): evidence from chloroplast DNA sequences

FIGURE 2. Phylogeny of the subtribe Ecliptinae (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences by using maximum likelihood analysis. Bootstrap values (≥ 70%; maximum likelihood/maximum parsimony) are indicated above branches, and posterior probabilities (≥ 0.95) below branches.

FIGURE 1. Indocypraea montana. A. Habit. B in Phylogenetic position and independent generic status of Indocypraea (Asteraceae-Heliantheae-Ecliptinae): evidence from chloroplast DNA sequences

FIGURE 1. Indocypraea montana. A. Habit. B. Flowering capitulum (top view). C. Flowering capitulum (lateral view). D. Fruiting capitulum. E. Achene (lateral view). F. Achene (top view). A–C from Huaiji, Guangdong, China (L.Y. Wang & M. Tang 106, IBSC); D from Lingui, Guangxi, China (M. Tang & L.Y. Wang 380, IBSC); E, F from Changjiang, Hainan, China (Z.X. Li 3850, IBSC).

FIGURE 2 in A taxonomic contribution to yellow-flowered members of Centaurea sect. Phaeopappus (Asteraceae) in Iran

FIGURE 2. Holotype of Centaurea zagrosmontana Ranjbar & Heydari (Ranjbar 29055, BASU). A. Habit; B. Inflorescence; C. Outer phyllary; D & E. Median phyllaries; F & G. Inner phyllaries. Scale bars: A = 2 cm, B = 2 cm, C = 1 cm.

FIGURE 1 in A taxonomic contribution to yellow-flowered members of Centaurea sect. Phaeopappus (Asteraceae) in Iran

FIGURE 1. Holotype of Centaurea salmasensis Ranjbar & Heydari (Ranjbar 29832, BASU). A. Habit; B. Inflorescence; C & D. Outer phyllaries; E & F. Median phyllaries; G. Inner phyllary; H. Corolla. Scale bars: A = 2 cm, B = 2 cm, C = 1 cm.

FIGURE 1 in Lactuca pumila (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) revisited-additional evidence for a phytogeographical link between SE Zagros and Hindu Kush

FIGURE 1. Lactuca pumila; a, c. habit, b. achene with pappus, d–g. achene, SEM micrographs, lower third with annular carpophore and muricate epidermis (d), detail of muricate epidermis (e), detail of papillose cell surface of epidermis (f), apex of beak with pappus disk and basis of pappus (g).–Scale bars: b = 800 μm, d = 250 μm, e = 100 μm, f = 20 μm, g = 50 μm; a+c by M. Doostmohammadi (Sa'adi protected area, 19 May 2011, M. Doostmohammadi 5450); d–g from M. Doostmohammadi 6628.

FIGURE 4 in Lactuca pumila (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) revisited-additional evidence for a phytogeographical link between SE Zagros and Hindu Kush

FIGURE 4. Photographs of selected relict species in SE Zagros; a. Salvia rhytidea, b. Pedicularis cabulica, c. Inula rhizocephala, d. Oxytropis sojakii (all photos in Lalehzar Mountain, by M. Doostmohammadi, 3200–3400 m).

FIGURE 2 in Lactuca pumila (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) revisited-additional evidence for a phytogeographical link between SE Zagros and Hindu Kush

FIGURE 2. Maximum Parsimony majority consensus cladograms of the nuclear ribosomal ITS and concatenated non-coding plastid DNA datasets with Jackknife support values showing the phylogenetic position of the Lactuca rosularis group (bold sample designations).

FIGURE 3 in Lactuca pumila (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) revisited-additional evidence for a phytogeographical link between SE Zagros and Hindu Kush

FIGURE 3. Examples of distribution map of some species representing disjunct distributions in SE Zagros and Afghanistan; a. Oxytropis sojakii, b. Levisticum officinale, c. Tanacetum pamiricum, d. Parnassia cabulica, e. Taraxacum chitralense, f. Lactuca pumila.–Based on literature data.

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FIGURE 1 in Tragopogon erostris Boiss. & Hausskn. (Asteraceae: Cichorieae, Scorzonerinae), the correct name for T. maroofii Mahmoodi & Safavi and T. kurdicus Safavi & Maroofi

FIGURE 1. Left. Holotype of T. kurdicus, HKS 9439; Right. Isotype of Tragopogon erostris, P00750172.

FIGURE 3. Aspilia pseudocalea. A. Stem indumentum. B.1. Adaxial leaf blade indumentum. B.2. Abaxial leaf blade indumentum. C. Ray floret. D. Palea. E. Disk floret. F in Ten years later: a new species of Aspilia (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil

FIGURE 3. Aspilia pseudocalea. A. Stem indumentum. B.1. Adaxial leaf blade indumentum. B.2. Abaxial leaf blade indumentum. C. Ray floret. D. Palea. E. Disk floret. F. Cypsela.

FIGURE 1. Aspilia pseudocalea. A. Habit. B. Leaf. C. Ray floret. D. Palea. E. Disk floret. F. Anthers. G. Style. H. Cypsela. I in Ten years later: a new species of Aspilia (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil

FIGURE 1. Aspilia pseudocalea. A. Habit. B. Leaf. C. Ray floret. D. Palea. E. Disk floret. F. Anthers. G. Style. H. Cypsela. I. Two awn pappus variation. (All illustrations made from the holotype. Drawings by the first author).

FIGURE 2 in Ten years later: a new species of Aspilia (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil

FIGURE 2. Aspilia pseudocalea, in vivo. A. Habitat. B. Habit. C. Leaves. D. Xylopodium. E. Capitula. (Photos by the first author and Rogério Neves Ribeiro).

FIGURE 2. Tragopogon dshimilensis. A. Achene drawing. B. Fruiting capitula. C. Flowering capitula. D. Phyllaries. E in Rediscovery of Tragopogon dshimilensis (Asteraceae), endemic to Turkey

FIGURE 2. Tragopogon dshimilensis. A. Achene drawing. B. Fruiting capitula. C. Flowering capitula. D. Phyllaries. E. Achene. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 6. Genera of Eupatorieae sympatric with Lapidia (Clade Z) in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state. A–B. Semiria viscosa D.J.N.Hind. A. Habit. B. Detail of head, showing convex, epaleaceous receptacle, and epappose cypselae. C. Stylotrichium glomeratum Bautista et al. D. Stylotrichium sucrei R.M.King & H.Rob. (Photographs: A–C: V.Amorim; D: S.C.Ferreira).

FIGURE 4 in Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 4. Endemic genera of Eupatorieae in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state (Clade W). A–B. Bahianthus viscosus R.M.King & H.Rob. A. Fruits in dispersal. B. Flowers in anthesis. C. Catolesia huperzioides Roque et al. Flowering branch with dense spiral of leaves. D–E. Morithamnus crassus R.M.King & H.Rob. D. Habit. E. Buds and flowers in anthesis. (Photographs: A–B: L.Moura; C. A.A.Conceição; D–E: N.Roque).

FIGURE 3. Majority-rule 50 in Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 3. Majority-rule 50% consensus tree of a Bayesian analysis to study the phylogenetic placement of Lapidia apicifolia among selected taxa of the "CAFE clade" (according to Rivera et al. 2016a) (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae), based on a combined matrix with sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and the trnL–trnF plastid region (trnL intron, trnL-trnF spacer). Branch colors follow the same color scheme of Rivera et al. (2016a), and the values above branches correspond to the posterior probabilities calculated from the 18,000 trees obtained in the analysis after excluding burn-in.

FIGURE 5 in Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 5. Genera of Eupatorieae sympatric with Lapidia (Clade Z) in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state. A. Agrianthus myrtoides Mattf. B. Agrianthus giulietiae D.J.N.Hind. C. Arrojadocharis santosii R.M.King & H.Rob. D–E. Lasiolaena blanchetii (Sch.Bip. ex Baker) R.M.King & H.Rob. F. Lasiolaena duartei R.M.King & H.Rob.: bicolored leaves. (Photographs: A: N.Roque; B: L.Moura; C–F: V.Amorim).

FIGURE 1. Lapidia apicifolia Roque & S.C. Ferreira. A. Flowering branch. B in Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 1. Lapidia apicifolia Roque & S.C. Ferreira. A. Flowering branch. B. Tomentose indumentum at apex of the branches. C–D. Tector trichomes uniseriate and biseriate. E. Leaf with truncate apex. F. Leaf with serrate margin. G. Capitate glandular trichomes on blade. H. Head pedicellate with bract at peduncle. I. Bracteole. J. Outer bract. K–L. Inner bracts. M. Flat and glabrous receptacle. N. Corolla. O. Anther. P. Style. Q. Cypselae with bristles fused at base and with varying lengths. R. Geminate trichome from cypselae (drawn from the holotype by Natanael Nascimento dos Santos).

FIGURE 2. Lapidia apicifolia Roque & S.C. Ferreira. A in Lapidia, a new monotypic genus of Asteraceae (Eupatorieae) from Brazil, and its phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 2. Lapidia apicifolia Roque & S.C. Ferreira. A. The rocky fields habitat with individuals of the species highlighted (red arrows). B–C. Terminal branches showing leaves opposite-decussate, petiolate, and blade conduplicate. D. Shape and abaxial surface of the leaf. E. Head showing purple colored anther appendages. F. Heads showing green involucral bracts, white corollas, and purplish pappus bristles. G. Fruits in dispersal. (Photographs: A, D, F–G: N.Roque, B–C, E: L.Barres).

FIGURE 4 in Reinstatement of the Sino-Himalayan species Senecio pentanthus (Asteraceae, Senecioneae)

FIGURE 4. Synotis pentantha (= Senecio pentanthus), collected from Jingdong in Yunnan, China and cultivated in the glasshouse of the South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Guangzhou. A. Leaf blade (adaxial surface). B. Leaf blade (abaxial surface). C. Synflorescence. D. Branch of synflorescence. E. Capitulum.