Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
2,739
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
2,739 results for “arizona”
Century-scale channel change in central Arizona-Phoenix: photographs of selected reaches of the Salt River in different years
Study how the geomorphology of the Salt River channel has changed over the last 100 years and how factors such as the damming of the Salt and Verde Rivers and gravel mining operations have contributed to these changes. For more than 1,000 years there has been a city on the banks of the Salt and Gila Rivers in the vicinity of what is now Phoenix. The course of natural processes as embodied by the river have interacted with the course of human events as evidenced by the city, each exerting influence on the other. The myriad of tangled connections between the natural and social systems has inevitably altered each of them, so that understanding of one without understanding of the other is incomplete. Within the last 100 years, intensive technological development of the river resources, its space, water, materials, and biotic complements, has radically altered the natural processes and forms of the river. At the same time, the river has influenced development of the city, sometimes as a resource such as recreational space, and sometimes as a hazard such as flooding. This constantly changing fluvial system, integrating natural and artificial influences, is the foundation for the primary riparian ecosystems of the region. The research questions of this project are: (1) What has been the nature of change in the geomorphic/riparian system, and how have human and natural factors controlled the distribution and intensity of the change over the past century? (2) Why does the river have its present geomorphic/riparian configuration, and how stable is that arrangement from geomorphic, hydrologic, and geographic perspectives? and (3) How does the river respond to ongoing changes in the spatial arrangement of human activities and attending technological impacts? This project promises improved understanding of the dynamics of dryland rivers, especially how and why they change under the influence of urban development. The research also promises to provide an integrating factor in the
Arizona Meterological Network (azmet) location of weather stations
The Arizona Meteorological Network (AZMET) provides meteorological data and weather-based information to agricultural and horticultural interests operating in southern and central Arizona. Meteorological data is collected from a network of automated weather stations located in both rural and urban production settings. Meteorological data collected by AZMET include temperature (air and soil), humidity, solar radiation, wind (speed and direction), and precipitation. AZMET also provides a variety of computed variables, including heat units (degree-days), chill hours, and reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo). AZMET data are summarized in a variety of formats, including several ready-to-use summaries that use English units, and comma-delimited ASCII text files that can be imported into most database and spreadsheet programs. Special reports generated by AZMET include the Phoenix Area Turf Water Use Report and Weekly Cotton Advisories (generated Mondays from February through August). AZMET began operating on Jan 1 1987; we have no data prior to this date.
Ecological and social Interactions in urban parks: bird surveys in local parks in the central Arizona-Phoenix metropolitan area
Our central objective is to use small, neighborhood parks in Phoenix to study: (1) the ways in which ecological processes are influenced by human values, use, and management; and (2) the ways in which human attitudes and activities, and the services valued by humans, are influenced by ecological characteristics and processes. Elucidating this coupling in Phoenix parks will itself be a significant step towards understanding the complexities of human-nature interactions. The information gathered in addressing the central objective, though, can and should be used to assess potential trajectories for ecological processes. Our second objective is to develop trajectories for potential changes in ecosystem services in the Phoenix metropolitan area, given economic and demographic trends, and given the signal of human-nature interactions among different social groups.
Ecological and social interactions in urban parks in central Arizona-Phoenix: site locations
Our central objective is to use small, neighborhood parks in Phoenix to study: (1) the ways in which ecological processes are influenced by human values, use, and management; and (2) the ways in which human attitudes and activities, and the services valued by humans, are influenced by ecological characteristics and processes. Elucidating this coupling in Phoenix parks will itself be a significant step towards understanding the complexities of human-nature interactions. The information gathered in addressing the central objective, though, can and should be used to assess potential trajectories for ecological processes. Our second objective is to develop trajectories for potential changes in ecosystem services in the Phoenix metropolitan area, given economic and demographic trends, and given the signal of human-nature interactions among different social groups.
Dissolved organic carbon dynamics in an urban desert stream ecosystem in central Arizona-Phoenix: site locations
Variation in stream chemistry is a function of the strength of terrestrial-aquatic linkages, the extent to which surface and groundwater exchanges, and the rate of instream biotic processes. The importance of these variables may fluctuate as a function of climate regime, catchment geomorphology, or level of human impact. A mechanistic understanding of the influence of each of these variables on ecosystem functioning will increase understanding of the role of streams in global nutrient and carbon cycles. Of particular interest is dissolved organic carbon (DOC), an important source of carbon and energy for microbial processes. Respiration by heterotrophic bacterial communities has recently been linked to the quality (ability of microbes to utilize C source) of the DOC pool in streams. DOC not only influences stream nutrient supply, but also the transport of contaminants and the attenuation of UV radiation. This dissertation focused on DOC delivery to two arid-land stream ecosystems, one native desert (Sycamore Creek, AZ), and one urban (Phoenix, AZ). The overall objectives of this work were to (1) document patterns in DOC quantity and chemical composition in response to flooding and groundwater exchange, (2) generate and test hypotheses explaining variation in DOC quantity and quality and (3) relate this variation to microbial activity. In the native desert stream ecosystem, the climate regime influenced seasonal variation in the quantity and quality of DOC inputs, with higher complexity and higher concentrations of DOC in summer monsoonal runoff. In contrast, human alteration of geomorphology and hydrologic flowpaths in the Phoenix metropolitan area significantly influenced streamwater chemistry in comparison to low-impact streams in the Sonoran Desert. In the city, mechanisms of nutrient retention and transformation were often shifted from dominance by biotic to abiotic ones, severely dampening the influence of climate regime and substituting instead the maintenance
ADEQ (Arizona Department of Water Quality) database on well water chemistry and discharge for the Phoenix area, locations of the wells.
This database from the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality contains water chemistry, discharge, and pumping rates for all wells in the Phoenix Metropolitan area.
Survey 200 long term study of multiple sites in central Arizona-Phoenix: trees
The Ecological Survey of Central Arizona (ESCA) is an extensive field survey and integrated inventory designed to capture key ecological indicators of the CAP LTER study area consisting of the urbanized, suburbanized, and agricultural areas of metropolitan Phoenix, and the surrounding Sonoran desert. The survey is conducted every five years at approximately 200 sample plots (30m x 30m) that were located randomly using a tessellation-stratified dual-density sampling design. Study plots cover habitats throughout the CAP LTER study area ranging from native Sonoran desert sites to residential yards to an airport tarmac. Measurements include an inventory of all plants (identified to the lowest possible taxonomic unit, typically species), plant biovolume, soil coring for physicochemical properties, arthropod sweep-net sampling, photo documentation, and a visual survey of site and area characteristics. The objectives of the survey are to (1) characterize patches in terms of key biotic, physical, and chemical variables, and (2) examine relationships among land use, general plant diversity, native plant diversity, plant biovolume, soil nutrient status, and social-economic indices along an indirect urban gradient. Survey 200 was the original name of the project, and it was renamed to ESCA following the survey conducted in 2015. The data set here includes a subset of information from the Survey200/ESCA focusing exclusively on measured and counted trees in the survey plots. Investigators interested in more recent tree survey data, or other variables measured as part of ESCA should search the data catalog for 'ecological survey of central arizona' or 'survey 200'.
Land cover classification of the central Arizona-Phoenix area using Landsat (MSS) data - year 1973
These data represent a land use classification of the central Arizona-Phoenix area. They were created using a Landsat MSS image for the year 1973.
Land use effects on temperature and humidity along an urban-rural transect gradient in central Arizona-Phoenix: site locations
This study examines the effects of land use on microclimate along several commercial-to-rural land use transects in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area.
Land use map of Maricopa County, central Arizona: period 1995
The 1995 Land Use coverage was created as a joint effort of MAG (Maricopa Association of Governments) and MAG member agency staff. Land Use components were classified into 24 categories. The 1995 Land Use coverage is used for a variety of planning purposes including socioeconomic forecasting and air quality modeling.
SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) image of central Arizona-Phoenix from a 2005 Landsat Thematic Mapper image
Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) produced from the 2005 Landsat Thematic Mapper(ETM) image. SAVI is a means of monitoring density and vigour of green vegetation growth using the spectral reflectivity of solar radiation. It is computed as follows:( (NIR-RED) / (NIR+RED+L))*(1+L), where NIR (Near Infra-Red) is the TM band 4 (0.76-0.9 micrometers), RED is band 3 (0.78-0.82 micrometers), and L is the correction factor whose values range from 0 (high vegetation cover) to 1 (low vegetation). L=0.5 was used. The index has been designed to correct for high soil reflectance in arid regions.
NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index) image of central Arizona-Phoenix from a 2005 Landsat Thematic Mapper image
Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) produced from the 2005 Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image. NDVI is a means of monitoring density and vigour of green vegetation growth using the spectral reflectivity of solar radiation. It is computed as follows: (NIR-RED) / (NIR+RED), where NIR (Near Infra-Red) is the TM band 4 (0.76-0.9 micrometers) and RED is band 3 (0.78-0.82 micrometers).
Spectrally unmixed percent of impervious surface, soil, and vegetation cover in central Arizona-Phoenix, year 2000
Urban land covers (e.g., cement parking lots, asphalt roads, shingle rooftops, grass, tress, exposed soil) can only be recorded as either present or absent in each pixel when using traditional per-pixel classifiers. Sub-pixel analysis approaches that can provide the relative fraction of surface covers within a pixel may be a potential solution to effectively identifying urban impervious areas. Spectral mixture analysis approach is probably the most commonly used approach that models image spectra as spatial average of spectral signatures from two or more surface features. However, spectral mixture analysis does not account for the absence of one of the surface features or spectral variation within pure materials since it utilizes an invariable set of surface features. Multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) approach addresses these issues by allowing endmembers to vary on a per pixel basis. The MESMA technique was employed in this study to model Landsat ETM+ reflectance in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Field spectra of vegetation, soil, and impervious surface areas collected with the use of a fine resolution Quickbird image and pixel purity index tool in ENVI software were modeled as reference endmembers in addition to photometric shade that was incorporated in every model. This study employs thirty endmembers and six hundred and sixty spectral models to identify soil, impervious, vegetation, and shade in the Phoenix metropolitan area. The mean RMS error for the selected land use land cover classes range from 0.003 to 0.018. The Pearson correlation between the fraction outputs from MESMA and reference data from Quickbird 60 cm resolution data for soil, impervious, and vegetation were 0.7052, 0.7249, and 0.8184 respectively.
Lichen resurvey with heavy metal analysis in Maricopa County, central Arizona, period 1998
The major research questions are: (1) In relation to a systematic survey conducted in the 1970s, determine whether the same suite of species can be found, and (2) whether trends in elemental deposition patterns are evident both spatially and, to a limited degree, temporally (mid-1970s compared to 1998) based on an analysis of populations.
Vertebrate species composition of remnant desert islands within central Arizona-Phoenix urban areas: period 1998-1999
Urban growth around Phoenix over the last 30 years has produced numerous isolated "islands" of remnant desert habitat. Each of these remnants has its own unique vertebrate community, determined by the fauna present prior to isolation, area of remaining habitat, vegetation characteristics, time since isolation, and distance to other islands or source populations. These factors can be used as predictors of how future growth will affect potential desert preserves.
End of the first growth period in central Arizona-Phoenix 2001-2002 (Day of Year)
By studying vegetation leafing phenology and its coupling with climate along the urban-rural gradient in Phoenix metropolitan region, USA, we elucidated the degree of urbanization-induced transformations of phenology and primary productivity. In this study we used time-series of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and spatially interpolated rainfall. Our analyses were stratified by major land covers and dominant soil texture. We also assessed time scales at which NDVI responds most strongly to climatic factors. No distinctive patterns in phenology were found along the urban-rural gradient; however some important generalities were confirmed. Agricultural and urban developments introduce growth multimodality, which is not attributable to desert but customarily found in riparian ecosystems of the area. Despite the existence of summer flush of growth in the desert its signal is not detected by de-noised satellite data. Urban and agricultural vegetation is characterized by fast growth and senescence rates. While agriculture has the shortest growth length, most urban vegetation stays photosynthetically active for longer periods. Growth in the desert is controlled by precipitation accumulated for 2-5 months. Spatial patterns of NDVI are predicted by precipitation grids. Positive relationship between these two variables changes seasonally reaching the maximum near the peak of annual growth. Spring and summer NDVI grids are in better agreement with longer term accumulated precipitation, but the early autumn growth is correlated more with immediate rainfall. Spatial and temporal correlations of desert NDVI with temperature are negative confirming the role of temperature in stimulating water loss from the soil. Our results supported the hypothesis that coarse-textured soils limit evaporative losses of soil water and promote growth. Riparian NDVI are moderately positively correlated with temperature but on
Food availability, energetic constraints, and reproductive development in a wild bird: Central Arizona Phoenix
For many animals, the seasonal timing (phenology) of gonad cycles is an important adaptation to local environmental conditions. The available evidence suggests that birds adjust to urban areas by advancing the phenology of vernal gonad growth. To test whether the habitat-related disparity in gonad growth phenology is due to energetic constraints, we measured energetic status (i.e., body condition and fat stores) and hypothalamic levels of neuropeptide Y (NPY, a neuropeptide that potentially links food abundance to reproductive endocrine activity) of urban and desert Abert’s Towhees, Melozone aberti. To shed light on the physiological mechanism underlying variation in gonad growth phenology, we compared the (neuro)endocrine activity of the reproductive system at the hypothalamic (gonadotropin -releasing hormone [GnRH] and -inhibitory hormone [GnIH]) and gonadal (baseline plasma testosterone [T] and ‘GnRH challenge’-induced) levels, as well as the morphology dependent on these processes (paired testes mass, seminiferous tubule diameter, and cloacal protuberance width).
Land cover classification of the Central Arizona-Phoenix area using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data - year 1993
Land cover classification for the Central Arizona-Phoenix CAP LTER study region using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data - for the year 1993
Land use change in the central Arizona-Phoenix area 1912 to 1995
Historic Land use change in the central Arizona-Phoenix area for the period 1912 to 1995. Map showing the progression of regional changes from 1912 to 1995
NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index) image of central Arizona-Phoenix from a 1998 Landsat Thematic Mapper image
Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) produced from the 1998 Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM) image. NDVI is a means of monitoring density and vigour of green vegetation growth using the spectral reflectivity of solar radiation.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.