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2,837 results for “Climate Data”
FIGURE 5. A-K in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 5. A-K: Sphyrna guinoti nov. sp. A. Anterior upper tooth KEB 1-109, A1. Labial view, A2. Lingual view; B. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-110, B1. Labial view, B2. Lingual view; C. Anterior upper tooth KEB 1-111, C1. Lingual view, C2. Labial view; D. Lateral lower tooth KEB 1-112, D1. Labial view, D2. Lingual view; E. lateral upper tooth KEB 1-113, E1. Lingual view, E2. Labial view; F. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-114, F1. Labial view, F2. Lingual view; G. Posterior upper tooth KEB 1-115, lingual view; H. Anterior lower tooth KEB 1-116, H1. Labial view, H2. Lingual view; I. Antero-lateral lower tooth KEB 1-117, I1. Labial view, I2. Lingual view; J. (HOLOTYPE) Antero-lateral lower tooth KEB 1-118, J1. Labial view, J2. Lingual view; K. Lateral lower tooth KEB 1-119, K1. Labial view, K2. Lingual view.
FIGURE 3. A-N in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 3. A-N: Carcharhinus kasserinensis nov. sp. A. Parasymphyseal upper tooth KEB 1-086, A1. labial view, A2. Lingual view; B. HOLOTYPE Anterior upper tooth KEB 1-087, B1. Labial view, B2. Lingual view, B3. Magnificence of mesial cutting edge; C. Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-088, C1. Labial view, C2. Lingual view; D. Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-089, D1. Labial view, D2. Lingual view; E. Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-226, E1 Lingual view, E2. Labial view; F. Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-227; G. Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-090, G1. Labial view, G2. Lingual view; H. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-091, labial view; I Posterior upper tooth KEB 1-092, lingual view; J. Symphyseal abnormal lower tooth KEB 1-093, J1. Labial view, J2. Lingual view; K. Anterior lower tooth KEB 1-094, labial view; L. Anterior lower tooth KEB 1-095, L1. Labial view, L2. Lingual view; M. Antero-lateral lower tooth KEB 1- 096, M1. Labial view, M2. Lingual view; N. Antero-lateral lower tooth KEB 1-097, N1. Lingual view, N2. Labial view, N3. Profile.
FIGURE 2 in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 2. Locality of KEB-1, Djebel el Kébar, Kasserine region, Tunisia. A, Simplified topographic map of Tunisia locating the Djebel el Kébar in central Tunisia; B, simplified stratigraphical position of fossiliferous level having yielded the fossil-bearing KEB-1 locality; C, photograph showing the typical badlands of variegated clays from the early Tertiary sequence of Djebel el Kébar. See Merzeraud et al. (2016) for precise details about geological settings.
FIGURE 8. A-C in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 8. A-C: Nebrius sp. A. Anterior tooth KEB 1-144, A1. Labial view, A2. Lingual view, A3. profile; B. Antero-lateral tooth KEB 1-145, B1. Labial view, B2. Basal view; C. Lateral tooth KEB 1-146, C1. Labial view, C2. Lingual view; D-G: Stegostoma tethysiensis nov. sp. D. (HOLOTYPE) Anterior tooth KEB 1-147, D1. Labial view, D2. Lingual view, D3. Basal view; E. Antero-lateral tooth KEB 1-148, E1. Labial view, E2. Occlusal viex, E3. profile; F. Lateral tooth KEB 1-149, labial view; G. Posterior tooth KEB 1-150, labial view; H: Hemiscyllium sp. 8. Antero-lateral tooth KEB 1-151, labial view; I-N: Odontorythys pappenheimi I.?Anterior tooth KEB 1-152, I1. Profile, I2. Labial view; J.?Latero-posterior tooth KEB 1-153, lingual view; K.?Latero-posterior tooth KEB 1-154, profile; L.?Latero-posterior tooth KEB 1-155, profile; M.?Latero-posterior tooth KEB 1-156, profile; N.? lateral or posterior tooth KEB 1-157, N1. Profile, N2. Labial view, N3. Lingual view.
FIGURE 13. A-E in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 13. A-E. Coupatezia cristata nov. sp. A. antero-lateral tooth KEB 1-205, HOLOTYPE, A1.occlusal view, A2. Profile, A3. Labial view; B. Anterior tooth KEB 1-206, B1. Lingual view, B2. Basal view, C. lateral tooth KEB 1-207, C1. Occlusal view, C2. Magnificence of C1, C3. Lingual view; D. lateral tooth KEB 1-208, D1. Occlusal view, D2. Magnificence of D1, D3. Lingual view; E. lateral tooth KEB 1-209, E1. Occlusal view, E2., lingual view, E3. Basal view. F-G. Rhinoptera sp. F. medium tooth KEB 1-210, lingual view, G. medium tooth KEB 1-211, labial view; H-J. Myliobatis sp., H. lateral tooth KEB 1-212, lingual view, I. medio-lateral tooth KEB 1-213, lingual view, J lateral tooth KEB 1-214, lingual view; K. Aetobatus sp. KEB 1-215, ligual view, L-M. Garabatis sp., L. KEB 1-216, occlusal view, M. KEB 1-217, L1. occlusal view, L2. Magnificence of central part, L3. Magnificence of marginal part of crown.
FIGURE 6. A-C in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 6. A-C: Sphyrna guinoti nov. sp. A. Anterior upper tooth of Young specimen KEB 1-120, A1. Lingual view, A2. Labial view; B. Lateral lower tooth of Young specimen KEB 1-121, B1. Labial view, B2. Lingual view; C. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-122, C1. Labial view, C2. Lingual view; D-F:?Sphyrna sp. 4. D.?Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-123, D1. Lingual view, D2. Labial view; E.?Antero-lateral upper tooth KEB 1-124, E1. Labial view, E2. Lingual view; F. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-125, lingual view.
FIGURE 15 in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 15. Distribution of Elasmobranch taxa within localities of KEB-1, Tunisia (KEB, this work) and El Gedida (EG), Baharia (Egypt, from Strougo et al., 2007 updated) with report of their occurences in the other late Middle – Late Eocene tropical assemblages from Egypt (MI, GE, BQ, QS). Frequencies of taxa are somewhat subjective due to the different sources and/or sampling methods applied. Black-Grey intensity indicating the fossil completeness between KEB/EG and the other localities due to uncertainty/resolution of taxonomic attributions (See systematic palaeontology for detail, black: certain to light: possible). (1) Medium-Large Carcharhinus sp. with serrated teeth, (2) as Misrichtys stromeri, (3) as Moerigaleus vitreodon, (4) as Nebrius blankenhormi, (5) as Nebrius sp., (6) refered to Odontorhytis bahariensis, (7) unnnamed species, (8) possibly as Taeniura sp., (9) two types in Fayum.
FIGURE 4. A-B in Diversity and renewal of tropical elasmobranchs around the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in North Africa: New data from the lagoonal deposits of Djebel el Kébar, Central Tunisia
FIGURE 4. A-B: Carcharhinus kasserinensis nov. sp., A. Antero-lateral upper tooth of young specimen KEB 1-098, A1. Lingual view, A2. Labial view; B. Antero-lateral upper tooth of young specimen KEB 1-099, labial view. C-G: Carcharhinus frequens. C. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-100, C1. Labial view, C2. Lingual view; D. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-101, D1. Labial view, D2. Lingual view; E. Anterior lower tooth KEB 1-102, E1. Labial view, E2. Lingual view; F. Lateral lower tooth KEB 1-103, F1. Labial view, F2. Lingual view; G. Posterior lower tooth KEB 1-104, lingual view; HK: Misrichtys sp. H. Anterior lower tooth KEB 1-105, lingual view; I. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-106, labial view; J. Posterior lower tooth KEB 1-107, j1. Labial view, J2. Lingual view; K. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-108, labial view; L-R: Rhizoprionodon sp. L. Anterior upper tooth KEB 1-126, labial view; M. lateral upper tooth KEB 1-127, labial view; N. Lateral upper tooth KEB 1-128, labial view; O. Anterior lower tooth KEB 1-129, labial view; P. Lateral lower tooth KEB 1-130, P1. Labial view, P2. Lingual view; Q. Posterior lower tooth KEB 1-131, labial view; R. Antero-lateral lower tooth KEB 1-132, R1. Labial view, R2. Lingual view.
Open Data and Climate Change Resilience for US cities
<p>Open Data and Climate Change Resilience data in US cities, with 50 cities and 20 states.</p>
Data and code to support the paper: "Heat stress on the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum: differential population sensitivity to future climate."
<p>This repository corresponds to the data and scripts required to replicate analysis presented in paper: <br> "Heat Stress on the brown Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum: differential population sensitivity to future climate."</p> <p>It imports and analysis data on:<br> </p> <ul> <li>Growth;</li> <li>Net primary production (Npp);</li> <li>Respiration;</li> <li>Survival;</li> <li>Temperature modellation (In situ via climatic variables);</li> <li>Cummulative-product survivability hindcast and forecast;</li> <li>Population size modellation via survivability models together with demographic matricial data.</li> </ul>
Linked collectors and determiners for: Taxonomic revision of the southern hemisphere pygmy forget-me-not group (Myosotis; Boraginaceae) based on morphological, population genetic and climate-edaphic niche modelling data.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Taxonomic revision of the southern hemisphere pygmy forget-me-not group (Myosotis; Boraginaceae) based on morphological, population genetic and climate-edaphic niche modelling data". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/32977d5c-8f02-4d26-8f75-ce56bf36f1fa">https://bionomia.net/dataset/32977d5c-8f02-4d26-8f75-ce56bf36f1fa</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/32977d5c-8f02-4d26-8f75-ce56bf36f1fa">https://gbif.org/dataset/32977d5c-8f02-4d26-8f75-ce56bf36f1fa</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data for "Hydrodynamic and Geomorphological Responses of Tidal Flats to Extreme Climate Events with Implications for Coastal Managements"
<p>Data used for the plots can be found:</p> <p>1) <strong>uav_z.mat </strong>is used for producing figure 2 and 3.</p> <p>2) <strong>timeseries.mat </strong>is used for producing figure 5 and 6.</p>
Data from: Habitat hotspots of common and rare tropical species along climatic and edaphic gradients
1. Understanding coexistence in high biodiversity ecosystems requires knowledge of how rare and common species share the multidimensional environmental space. Climatic and edaphic conditions can provide a plethora of habitats, supporting different compositional and structural communities where species can adapt and differentiate. 2. We used a large dataset consisting of 580 tropical tree species sampled in 163 25×25 m quadrats along an altitudinal gradient covering an area of 160 km2 of tropical rainforest in Jianfengling reserve (Hainan Island, China). For each plot the data include tree species and abundance, altitude and six soil properties from which a two dimensional environmental space was constructed. 3. With this extensive dataset we tested the hypothesis that different combination of environmental factors can generate multiple hotspots on three axes of diversity: species richness, Shannon-equivalent species richness and habitat preference, a measure of evenness in the distribution of individuals across an environmental gradient. 4. We found that humid and cool areas with more nitrogen availability were occupied by richer and more diverse communities of wide range species. Rare (in terms of number of individuals) and range restricted species instead, tended to prefer minor habitats, generally warmer with high potassium, calcium, magnesium and, in particular, phosphorous. As a result, wide and range restricted species were segregated across the environmental space. 5. Synthesis. Our findings indicate rare species tend to occur more frequently where common species are less abundant. A clear pattern of species richness and diversity was driven by a combination of several environmental factors (soil properties and climate). The complexity of the environment not only explains the different species distribution along each habitat, but also determines the relative abundance of each species in the entire community. Although some habitats have low species richness and diversity, they are highly preferred by rare species; therefore biodiversity conservation efforts should consider protecting these fragile ecosystems.
Data from: Climate impacts on the ocean are making the Sustainable Development Goals a moving target traveling away from us
1. Climate change is impacting marine ecosystems and their goods and services in diverse ways, which can directly hinder our ability to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, set out under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. 2. Through expert elicitation and a literature review, we find that most climate change effects have a wide variety of negative consequences across marine ecosystem services, though most studies have highlighted impacts from warming and consequences to marine species. 3. Climate change is expected to negatively influence marine ecosystem services through global stressors – such as ocean warming and acidification – but also by amplifying local and regional stressors such as freshwater runoff and pollution load. 4. Experts indicated that all Sustainable Development Goals would be overwhelmingly negatively affected by these climate impacts to marine ecosystem services, with eliminating hunger being among the most directly negatively affected Sustainable Development Goal. 5. Despite these challenges, the Sustainable Development Goals aiming to transform our consumption and production practices and develop clean energy systems are found to be least affected by marine climate impacts. These findings represent a strategic point of entry for countries to achieve sustainable development, given that these two goals are relatively robust to climate impacts and that they are important pre-requisite for other Sustainable Development Goals. 6. Our results suggest that climate change impacts on marine ecosystems are set to make the Sustainable Development Goals a moving target traveling away from us. Effective and urgent action towards sustainable development, including mitigating and adapting to climate impacts on marine systems are important to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, but the longer this action stalls the more distant these goals will become.
Data from: Direct effects dominate responses to climate perturbations in grassland plant communities
Theory predicts that strong indirect effects of environmental change will impact communities when niche differences between competitors are small and variation in the direct effects experienced by competitors is large, but empirical tests are lacking. Here we estimate negative frequency dependence, a proxy for niche differences, and quantify the direct and indirect effects of climate change on each species. Consistent with theory, in four of five communities indirect effects are strongest for species showing weak negative frequency dependence. Indirect effects are also stronger in communities where there is greater variation in direct effects. Overall responses to climate perturbations are driven primarily by direct effects, suggesting that single species models may be adequate for forecasting the impacts of climate change in these communities.
Data from: Evolutionary shifts in mustelid (Mustelidae: Carnivora) cranial shape, body size, and body shape coincides with the Mid-Miocene Climate Transition
Environmental changes can lead to evolutionary shifts in phenotypic traits, which in turn facilitate exploitation of novel adaptive landscapes and lineage diversification. The global cooling, increased aridity, and expansion of open grasslands during the past 50 million years are prime examples of new adaptive landscapes that spurred lineage and ecomorphological diversity of several mammalian lineages such as rodents and large herbivorous megafauna. However, whether these environmental changes facilitated evolutionary shifts in small to mid-sized predator morphology is unknown. Here, I used a complete cranial and body morphological dataset to examine the timing of evolutionary shifts in cranial shape, body size, and body shape within extant mustelids (martens, otters, polecats, and weasels) during the climatic and environmental changes of the Cenozoic. I found that evolutionary shifts in all three traits occurred within extant mustelid subclades just after the onset of the Mid-Miocene Climate Transition. These mustelid subclades first shifted towards more elongate body plans followed by concurrent shifts towards smaller body sizes and more robust crania. I hypothesize that these cranial and body morphological shifts enabled mustelids to exploit novel adaptive zones associated with the climatic and environmental changes of the Mid to Late Miocene, which facilitated significant increases in clade carrying capacity.
Data from: Is there a temperate bias in our understanding of how climate change will alter plant-herbivore interactions? A meta-analysis of experimental studies
Climate change can drive major shifts in community composition and interactions between resident species. However, the magnitude of these changes depends on the type of interactions and the biome in which they take place. We review the existing conceptual framework for how climate change will influence tropical plant-herbivore interactions and formalize a similar framework for the temperate zone. We then conduct the first biome-specific tests of how plant-herbivore interactions change in response to climate-driven changes in temperature, precipitation, ambient CO2, and ozone. We used quantitative meta-analysis to compare predicted and observed changes in experimental studies. Empirical studies were heavily biased toward temperate systems, so testing predicted changes in tropical plant-herbivore interactions was virtually impossible. Furthermore, most studies investigated the effects of CO2 with limited plant and herbivore species. Irrespective of location, most studies manipulated only one climate change factor despite the fact that different factors can act in synergy to alter responses of plants and herbivores. Finally, studies of belowground plant-herbivore interactions were also rare; those conducted suggest that climate change could have major effects on belowground subsystems. Our results suggest that there is a disconnection between the growing literature proposing how climate change will influence plant-herbivore interactions and the studies testing these predictions. General conclusions will also be hampered without better integration of above- and belowground systems, assessing the effects of multiple climate change factors simultaneously, and using greater diversity of species in experiments.
Data from: The 'male escape hypothesis': sex-biased metamorphosis in response to climatic drivers in a facultatively paedomorphic amphibian
Paedomorphosis is a major evolutionary process that bypasses metamorphosis and allows reproduction in larvae. In newts and salamanders, it can be facultative with paedomorphs retaining gills and metamorphs dispersing. The evolution of these developmental processes is thought to have been driven by the costs and benefits of inhabiting aquatic versus terrestrial habitats. In this context, we aimed at testing the hypothesis that climatic drivers affect phenotypic transition and the difference across sexes because sex-ratio is biased in natural populations. Through a replicated laboratory experiment, we showed that paedomorphic palmate newts (Lissotriton helveticus) metamorphosed at a higher frequency when water availability decreased and metamorphosed earlier when temperature increased in these conditions. All responses were sex-biased, and males were more prone to change phenotype than females. Our work shows how climatic variables can affect facultative paedomorphosis and support theoretical models predicting life on land instead of in water. Moreover, because males metamorphose and leave water more often and earlier than females, these results, for the first time, give an experimental explanation for the rarity of male paedomorphosis (the 'male escape hypothesis') and suggest the importance of sex in the evolution of paedomorphosis versus metamorphosis.
Data from: Spatial heterogeneity of tree diversity changes in montane forests under climate warming
<p>Many studies reported biotic change along a continental warming gradient. The temporal and spatial change of tree diversity and their sensitivity to climate warming might differ from region to region. however, understanding of the variation among studies with regard to the magnitude of such biotic changes is minimal, especially for montane ecosystems. To better understand spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of mountain trees community change under climate warming over the past four decades. We re-surveyed and recorded all tree species from 107 long-term monitoring plots since 1974 in 2017 to study the changes of tree community composition of montane forests in the Giant Panda National Park. Our results showed that spatial differences were found in tree species diversity changes in response to climate warming over the past four decades. Tree species richness and abundance of montane forests increased over time in all our study area, except Liangshan (LS), especially in XiaoXiangLing with the highest warming rate. However, beta diversity underwent a significantly higher change rate at LS than in other mountains which indicated that plant species that do not belong to these four mountains entered LS in those year. Moreover, the beta diversities of tree between sample plots in the LS regions were homogenized. So, LS may become risk regions under continuing climatic warming, and should thus receive priority protection in the next conservation plan of the Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). We provide a explanation for the large variation among studies in warming-related biotic changes and recommend that the GPNP should implement a regional-specific conservation policy to strengthen conservation in at-risk regions (i.e., LS) under climate warming.</p>
Data from: Global change on the Roof of the World: vulnerability of Himalayan otter species to land-use and climate alterations
<p>Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (CCVA) prescribes the quantification of species vulnerability based on three components: sensitivity, adaptive capacity and exposure. Such assessments should be performed through combined approaches that integrate trait-based elements (e.g., measures of species sensitivity such as niche width) with correlative tools quantifying exposure (magnitude of changes in climate within species habitat). Furthermore, as land-use alterations may increase climate impacts on biodiversity, CCVAs should focus on both climate and land-use change effects. Unfortunately, most of such assessments have so far focused exclusively on exposure to climate change. </p> <p>We evaluated the vulnerability of three otter species occurring in the Himalayan region, i.e. <i>Aonyx cinereus, Lutra lutra </i>and<i> Lutrogale perspicillata</i>, to 2050 climate and land-use through the recently-proposed Climate Niche Factor Analysis (CNFA) framework combined with Species Distribution Models.</p> <p>Future climate and land-use change will reduce (6 – 15%) and shift (10 – 18%) the geographic range of the three species in the Himalaya, with land-use alterations exerting far more severe effects than climate change. Among vulnerability components, sensitivity played a greater role than exposure in determining the vulnerability of the otters. Specifically, the most specialist species, <i>L. perspicillata</i> showed the highest vulnerability in comparison with the most generalist, <i>L. lutra</i>.</p> <p>Our results underline how coupling climate and land-use change components in CCVAs can generate diverging predictions of species vulnerability compared to approaches relying on climate change only. Moreover, intrinsic components, such as species sensitivity, proved significantly more important in determining vulnerability than extrinsic metrics such as habitat exposure.</p> <p>The dataset contains XY coordinates of Himalayan otter species used in the study. Since Himalayan otters are listed as threatened or vulnerable in several of the regions covered by the study, original coordinates were rounded to 1 degree. Specific data sources are provided in the coupled table.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.