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FIGURE 3. Helobdella atli n in A new freshwater leech species of Helobdella (Annelida: Glossiphoniidae) from central Mexico
FIGURE 3. Helobdella atli n. sp. from Totolcingo, Tlaxcala, México. Scanning electron microphotography of posterior part, showing the position of anus.
FIGURE 5 in Freshwater leech (Annelida: Hirudinida) distribution in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and adjacent regions: check-list, new records, new pigmentation forms, and Pleistocene refugia
FIGURE 5. Pigmentation patterns in Newfoundland and Labrador Erpobdella punctata (Leidy) by PH. A–B, Site 7, C Sites 14–15, D, Sites 12, 13, 24; E, Site 10; F, Sites 1–2.
FIGURE 1 in Freshwater leech (Annelida: Hirudinida) distribution in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and adjacent regions: check-list, new records, new pigmentation forms, and Pleistocene refugia
FIGURE 1. Surveyed sites in Newfoundland and Labrador. Circles, 2004 survey sites (numbered); Squares, literature locations of Pawlowski (1948) and in part, Davies (1973). The site numbers correspond to Table 1.
FIGURE 6 in Freshwater leech (Annelida: Hirudinida) distribution in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and adjacent regions: check-list, new records, new pigmentation forms, and Pleistocene refugia
FIGURE 6. Erpobdella obscura (Verrill) from Grand river, Ontario. A–E, G: Drawings by Susan Laurie-Bourque of CMNA 1984–0689. F by Peter Frank using Kodachrome film in May 1988. A, Anterior, ventral view; B, Anterior, dorsal view; C, Closeup of seminal vesicle; D, Well-developed male and female gonopores located between annuli; E, Posterior dorsal view; F, Photographs of two preserved leeches comparing the two color variations (ringed form on left and normal form on right); G, Dorsal view of dissected reproductive organs. The right side of the testes and spermduct are omitted on the right side. Broken lines show cut ends of organs. a, atrium; ejd, ejaculatory duct; ep, epididymis; fg, female gonopores; mg, male gonopores; lft, large follicles of testisacs; t, testisac; mft, multifollicular testisacs; nc, nerve chord. Ganglia are numbered in Roman numerals.
FIGURE 10 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 10. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium atlanticum. (a,b) Lateral views of female in jelly coat stained with fuschian red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Santeetlah, North Carolina, October 30, 1993. (d) Lateral view of female head. (e) Lateral view of female abdomen. Lake James, North Carolina, December 13, 1992. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (g) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. Lake James, North Carolina, October 31, 1993. (a,b,d,f) from Digdeguash Lake, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994.
FIGURE 9 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 9. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium acidophilum. (a,b) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschain red. (c) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. (d) Lateral view of female abdomen. (e,f) Lateral views of female postabdomen (g) Lateral view of female postabdomen, Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 1, 1992. (h) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (i) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (j,k) Lateral views of male with jelly coat removed. (l) Frontal view of male biramous antennae. (m) Lateral view of hook on first thoracic limb of male. (n) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (a–c, h, j–n) from Red Rock Pond, New Brunswick, June 15, 1994. (d–f, i) from Saunders Pond, Oregon, April 16, 1993.
FIGURE 4 in Freshwater leech (Annelida: Hirudinida) distribution in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and adjacent regions: check-list, new records, new pigmentation forms, and Pleistocene refugia
FIGURE 4. Distribution of the four widespread leech species. Circles, 2004 survey; squares, literature locations (Pawlowski 1948, Davies 1973); triangles, museum specimens. A, Glossiphonia elegans (Verrill); B, Helobdella modesta (Verrill); C, Erpobdella punctata (Leidy); D, Erpobdella obscura (Verrill).
FIGURE 5 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 5. Morphological characters used in the discrimination of Holopedium. Postabdominal claws (a) with and (b) without a basal spine are illustrated. The jelly coat is not illustrated.
FIGURE 4 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 4. Putative geographic distribution of Holopedium species. Dots indicate populations where species assignments were confirmed by genetic analyses. Dark shaded areas represent the hypothesized range of each species based on results from this study and from distribution data from 1,827 localities inhabited by Holopedium, obtained from literature reports or by sampling (see Rowe 2000). Since several species are morphologically cryptic while the species complexes can be readily distinguished, the areas between or adjacent to genetic localities are tentatively marked as that same species, provided that there are Holopedium records there belonging to the same complex. Pending further evidence, all South American localities are here shaded as H. amazonicum and most Eurasian localities as H. gibberum s.s., but further cryptic species may be detected in the future. Definitive species assignments for populations in Greenland and India, which are currently described as separate species, require genetic evidence (see text), but morphological traits indicate that they do belong to the H. gibberum complex. Their distributions are shown along with H. gibberum s.s. (inset map in part b). a) H. glacialis n.sp., b) H. gibberum s.s., c) H. atlanticum n.sp., d) H. acidophilum n.sp., and e) H. amazonicum s.s.
FIGURE 6 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 6. Representative photomicrographs and drawings of Holopedium gibberum. (a) Lateral view of female with jelly coat removed. Old Crow 10, Yukon, August 15, 1997. (b) Lateral view of female head and anterior jelly curl. Jelly coat stained with fuschian red. (c) Lateral view of female postabdomen. Longstaff Bluff 1, Nunavut, August 16, 1994. (d) Lateral view of female postabdominal claws. Mayer Lake, British Columbia, August 7, 1997. (e) Ventral view of female postabdomen. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (g) Drawing of lateral view of male in jelly coat. (h) Drawing of lateral view of male postabdomen. (i) Drawing of lateral view of biramous antennae of male. (j) Drawing of lateral view of first thoracic limb of a male. (b,e,f) from Steensby 3, Nunavut, August 13, 1994. (g,j) from Lilljeborg 1901. (h,i) from Sars 1865.
FIGURE 8 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 8. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium amazonicum. (a) Lateral view of ovigerous female with jelly coat removed. (b) Lateral view of brooding female with jelly coat removed. (c) Lateral view of female head. (d) Partial lateral view of female. (e) Lateral view of female head. (f) Lateral view of female postabdomen. Lago Coari, Amazonas, May 24, 1996. (g) Lateral view of brood pouch margin and eggs. (h) Lateral view of ventral carapace margin. (a–e, g–h) from Lago Caju, Amazonas, September 24, 1998.
FIGURE 3 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 3. NJ phenogram of Holopedium based upon 17 COI haplotypes, rooted using Sida crystallina. Boostrap support values (based upon 10,000 replicates) are shown for major clusters and deeper nodes, and the scale bar shows K2P genetic distance. Terminal branch labels indicate the clade number, followed by the haplotype number. Haplotypes of reference populations collected from relatively near the type localities of H. gibberum and H. amazonicum are indicated with one and two asterisks, respectively. The two clusters containing these haplotypes are considered to represent these species sensu strictu, while the remaining clusters are described here as new species.
FIGURE 2 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 2. UPGMA phenogram showing genetic distances, based upon allozyme data, among 121 Holopedium populations. Only those collections known to contain a single species, due to being either invariant or in H-W equilibrium, are included here. Nei's (1972) genetic distance is indicated on the scale bar. The geographic distributions of the two major groups are consistent with those of the two initially described species of Holopedium, and these groups are therefore named after these species, H. gibberum and H. amazonicum. New species names are assigned to two clusters on the basis of allozyme, mtDNA, distributional, and morphological information (see text for further information and justification). Asterisks designate those populations for which mtDNA results are available; allozyme and mtDNA clusters are concordant. Double asterisks and haplotype numbers are given for those populations having sequence data presented in Fig. 4.
FIGURE 1 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 1. Maps of Holopedium populations sampled for genetic analyses. Exact geographic coordinates and habitat names are provided in Appendix A. Populations sampled from outside North America are shown on the inset global map. Type localities for the two initially described species of Holopedium are indicated with stars on the inset map and were not included in this study, although (relatively) nearby collections were available. North American freshwater biogeographic provinces (after Burr & Mayden 1992) are shown, and the names of those from which samples were collected are listed in the legend.
FIGURE 2 in Freshwater leech (Annelida: Hirudinida) distribution in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and adjacent regions: check-list, new records, new pigmentation forms, and Pleistocene refugia
FIGURE 2. Photographs of selected Newfoundland and Labrador leeches. D was collected by Cecelia McGrath in 1982. A, Dorsal view of Glossiphonia elegans (Verrill), site 17; B, Dorsal view of Helobdella modesta (Verrill), site 12; C, Dorsal view of Theromyzon sp., site 6; D, Lateral view of Haemopis lateromaculata Mathers, showing the plain ventrum separated from the speckled dorsum by a lighter pattern on the side, CMNA 1982–0654; E, Dorsal view of Haemopis marmorata (Say), site 12; F, Closeup of anal protrusion of Haemopis marmorata, Site 12; G, Erpobdella punctata (Leidy) (normal pigmentation), site 7; H, Erpobdella obscura (Verrill) [normal pigmentation], site 21. Scale bars are in cm unless otherwise indicated.
FIGURE 7 in Freshwater leech (Annelida: Hirudinida) distribution in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and adjacent regions: check-list, new records, new pigmentation forms, and Pleistocene refugia
FIGURE 7. Pigmentation patterns of Erpobdella obscura (Verrill). A–F are illustrations by PH from Labrador and Newfoundland: A, Site 28; B, Sites 22, 23; C, Site 21; D, Site 29; E, Site 18; F, Site 7. G–J are microscope photographs of typical examples of ringed and mottled patterns of Erpobdella obscura (Verrill) from Newfoundland and Labrador compared to specimens from the Grand River, Ontario. Scale bars are in mm. G, closeup of midportion of ringed specimen from Newfoundland, CMNA 2006–0023. H, anterior portion of ringed specimen from Newfoundland, CMNA 2006– 0020. I, anterior portion of mottled specimen from Newfoundland, CMNA 2006–0018. J, closeup of midportion of mottled specimen from Newfoundland, CMCA2006–0018.
FIGURE 7 in Three new cryptic species of the freshwater zooplankton genus Holopedium (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Ctenopoda), revealed by genetic methods
FIGURE 7. Representative photomicrographs of Holopedium glacialis. (a) Lateral view of female in jelly coat stained with dilute fuschian red. Wren Lake, Ontario, June 13, 1994. (b,c) Lateral views of female head. (d) Lateral view of female postabdomen. (e) Lateral view of ventral carapace spinules. (f) Lateral view of male with jelly coat removed. (g) Lateral view of male head and antennae. (h) Lateral view of male antennae. (i) Lateral view of hook on male antennae. (j) Lateral view of hooks on first pair of male thoracic limbs. (k) Lateral view of male postabdomen. (l) Lateral view of male postabdominal claw. (m) Lateral view of ventral carapace spines of a male. (b–e) from Como Lake, Ontario, June 28, 1992. (f–m) from Blue Chalk Lake, Ontario, October 17, 1996.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of freshwater isopod (Sphaeromatidea: Sphaeromatidae) from an inland karstic stream on Espíritu Santo Island, Vanuatu, southwestern Pacific
FIGURE 8. Exosphaeroides quirosi sp. nov. A, male penial processes with insertion of first pleopods behind, anterior; B, male left first pleopod 1, anterior; C, detail of seta on distomedial angle of protopod; D, male left second pleopod 2, anterior; E, detail of tip of appendix masculina; F, female left second pleopod 2, posterior.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of freshwater isopod (Sphaeromatidea: Sphaeromatidae) from an inland karstic stream on Espíritu Santo Island, Vanuatu, southwestern Pacific
FIGURE 6. Exosphaeroides quirosi sp. nov., male. A, right pereopod 1; B, detail of distal portion of latter; C, left pereopod 2, anterior; D, right pereopod 3, anterior; E, right pereopod 4, posterior.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of freshwater isopod (Sphaeromatidea: Sphaeromatidae) from an inland karstic stream on Espíritu Santo Island, Vanuatu, southwestern Pacific
FIGURE 7. Exosphaeroides quirosi sp. nov., male. A, right pereopod 5, posterior; B, left pereopod 6, anterior; C, detail of distal portion of latter; D, right pereopod 7, posterior.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.