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FIGURES 3–8. New recorded species, dorsal habitus. 3 in Diversity of nocturnal Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) from seven localities in Michoacán, Mexico, with description of a new species

FIGURES 3–8. New recorded species, dorsal habitus. 3) Gnaphalodes trachyderoides Thomson, 1861; 4) Tylcus hartwegii (White, 1855); 5) Anelaphus piceus (Chemsak, 1962); 6) Metironeus hesperus Chemsak, 1991; 7) Pseudoperiboeum subarmatum Linsley, 1935; 8) Neocompsa puncticollis asperula (Bates, 1885).

FIGURES 1–2. 1 in Diversity of nocturnal Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) from seven localities in Michoacán, Mexico, with description of a new species

FIGURES 1–2. 1) Map showing the seven localities in the state of Michoacán; 2) Long-time light trap used in this study.

FIGURES 9–13. New recorded species, dorsal habitus. 9 in Diversity of nocturnal Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) from seven localities in Michoacán, Mexico, with description of a new species

FIGURES 9–13. New recorded species, dorsal habitus. 9) Compsibidion vanum (Thomson, 1867); 10) Canidia spinicornis (Bates, 1881); 11) Lepturges (Lepturges) angulatus (LeConte, 1852); 12) Sternidius naeviicornis (Bates, 1885); 13) Oreodera noguerai McCarty, 2001.

FIGURE 2 in Morphology and molecular evidence reveal hidden diversity among snapping shrimp of the Alpheus obesomanus group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with the description of a new species from Brazil

FIGURE 2. Alpheus coralvivo sp. nov., Parque Municipal Marinho do Recife de Fora, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil: A, B, D–J, female holotype (MZUSP 36753); C, male paratype (MOUFPE 18749). (A) major chela, mesial view; (B) same, lateral view (C) male major chela, lateral view; (D) detail of major chela, ventral view; (E) minor chela, lateral view; (F) minor chela, detail of tip of fingers, ventral view; (G) second pereiopod, lateral view; (H) third pereiopod, lateral view; (I) same, detail of dactylus and propodus; (J) fourth pereiopod, lateral view; (K) same, detail of dactylus and propodus; (L) fifth pereiopod, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 5 in Morphology and molecular evidence reveal hidden diversity among snapping shrimp of the Alpheus obesomanus group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with the description of a new species from Brazil

FIGURE 5. Currently known distribution of the shrimp species Alpheus coralvivo sp. nov., A. saxidomus (Holthuis, 1980), and A. simus Guérin-Méneville, 1856 based on the material examined and literature records. Created by L.A. Nascimento.

FIGURE 1 in Morphology and molecular evidence reveal hidden diversity among snapping shrimp of the Alpheus obesomanus group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with the description of a new species from Brazil

FIGURE 1. Alpheus coralvivo sp. nov., Parque Municipal Marinho do Recife de Fora, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil: A, C–F, female holotype (MZUSP 36753); B, male paratype (MOUFPE 18749); G–L, female paratype (MZUSP 36754, dissected); (A) frontal region and cephalic appendages, dorsal view; (B) same, male dorsal view; (C) frontal region and cephalic appendages, lateral view; (D) posterior region of carapace and pleon, lateral view, appendages omitted; (E) telson and uropods, dorsal view; (F) telson, detail of distal margin; (G) mandible, lateral view; (H) first maxilla, mesial view; (I) second maxilla, mesial view; (J) first maxilliped, mesial view; (K) second maxilliped, lateral view; (L) third maxilliped, lateral view. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Morphology and molecular evidence reveal hidden diversity among snapping shrimp of the Alpheus obesomanus group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with the description of a new species from Brazil

FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic tree of species of the obesomanus group including Alpheus coralvivo sp. nov., obtained using Bayesian Inference analysis and cytochrome oxidase subunit I. Numbers indicate the support values for posterior probabilities; values <0.80 are not showed. Abbreviations: Atl, Atlantic Ocean; BA, Bahia; Pac, Pacific Ocean; SP, São Paulo.

FIGURE 3 in Morphology and molecular evidence reveal hidden diversity among snapping shrimp of the Alpheus obesomanus group (Decapoda: Alpheidae) with the description of a new species from Brazil

FIGURE 3. Alpheus coralvivo sp. nov., Parque Municipal Marinho do Recife de Fora, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil: (A, B) specimens retrieved from a dead fragment of a Millepora alcicornis colony evidencing color pattern. Photographs: P.S. Santos.

Fig 20 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 20. The original drawings of species of the C. lorenzianus complex. A: Resting spore of C. mitra by Bailey [17]. B and C: C. mitra by Cleve [18]. Vegetative chain, intercalary valve, terminal seta and apical view of seta positions (C), and chain with resting spores (B, lectotype). D: Vegetative chain of C. lorenzianus by Grunow [8]. E and F: Chaetoceros decipiens by Cleve [7]. G and H: Resting spores of C. lorenzianus by Okamura [39]. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g020

Fig 5 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 5. Chaetoceros elegans sp. nov. SEM (A–E) and TEM (F and G). A: Terminal valve view with external process of rimoportula and poroids on valve face; strain MC1048. B and C: Intercalary cells demonstrating large apertures and valve faces; strain M1 (B), strain MC1048 (C). D and E: Terminal valves with central processes (arrowheads) and silica ear-like structures (arrows in D) in strain YL7. F: Annulus, costae and poroid pattern near intercalary valve centre; strain YL7. G: Parallel rows of poroids on the mantle; arrowhead indicates ring-shaped constriction; strain YL7. A–E scale bars, 5 μm. F and G scale bars, 2 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g005

Fig 19 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 19. Molecular phylogenetic tree. Based on analyses of the D1-D3 region of the LSU rDNA sequences. Numbers indicated on the branches are posterior probability of Bayesian analyses (MrB) and boot strap support of neighbor joining (NJ), maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g019

Fig 1 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 1. LM of Chaetoceros decipiens. A, C, E, F: Chain views of lectotype material MIC5366 (A) and strains P10E5 (C), P14B3B (E), D12 (F). B and D: Detail of chains showing constrictions (arrows) between the mantle and the girdle bands, and the fused extensions of sibling setae, which are short, longer or even absent (arrowheads); lectotype material MIC5366 (B) and strain P10E5 (D). G: Chain view of strain D10, note the V-shaped protrusion located centrally on the terminal valve (arrowhead). A and C: scale bars, 50 μm. B, D, E, F: scale bars, 20 μm. G: scale bar, 10 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g001

Fig 4 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 4. LM of Chaetoceros elegans sp. nov. Strain YL7. A: Chain view displaying seta divergence in the apical plane. B: Solitary cell. C: Chain view demonstrating large apertures and chloroplasts. D: End of chain showing constrictions (arrows) between the mantle and the girdle, and V-shaped protrusion (arrowhead) located centrally on terminal valve. A and B scale bars, 50 μm. C and D scale bars, 20 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g004

Fig 13 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 13. LM of Chaetoceros mitra. Strain P10A1. A: Straight chain showing seta divergence and apertures. B: Detail of chain showing constrictions (arrows) between mantle and girdle. C: Valve structure of terminal valve. A and B scale bars, 20 μm. C scale bar, 10 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g013

Fig 12 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 12. Chaetoceros mannaii sp. nov. LM (A), SEM (B) and TEM (C–F); strain N1. A and B: Setae with oval poroids. C: Terminal valve showing valve structure and rimoportula with external projection. D: Poroids and costae on the mantle. E and F: Girdle bands with poroids. A scale bar, 10 μm. B scale bar, 5 μm. C–F scale bars, 2 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g012

Fig 8 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 8. Chaetoceros laevisporus sp. nov. LM (A–C), SEM (D and E) and TEM (F). Fig A: Part of a chain showing constrictions (arrows) between mantle and girdle, and V- shaped protrusion (arrowhead) located centrally on the terminal valve; strain N7. B: Dividing chain showing seta divergence; strain DY1. C: Structure of terminal seta; strain DY1. D: Chain in girdle view showing cells and apertures; strain N7. E: Terminal valve with rimoportula without external process (arrowhead); strain N7. F: Valve views of intercalary (upper) and terminal valves (below); strain N7. A, C, D scale bars, 20 μm. B scale bar, 100 μm. E and F scale bars, 5 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g008

Fig 18 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 18. Comparison of setae poroid densities. Small letters on the x-axis indicate statistically significant differences among taxa. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g018

Fig 7 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 7. Resting spores of Chaetoceros elegans sp. nov. LM (A and B) and SEM (C–F). A and B: Resting spores within mother cells in a chain; strain MC785. C and D: Released resting spores, showing two elongated elevations with dichotomous branching processes distally on the primary valve face and one (C) or two bulges (Fg D) on the secondary valve face; strain Ch12A1. E: Internal view of secondary valve with a ring of marginal punctae; strain Ch12A1. F: Hooks on the distal tips; strain MC785. A and B scale bars, 20 μm. C–E scale bars, 5 μm. F scale bar, 1 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g007

Fig 6 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 6. Chaetoceros elegans sp. nov. LM (C), TEM (A, B, H) and SEM (D–G). A and B: Overlapping ear-like structures (arrows) and small gap between the crossing bases of sibling setae in strain YL7. C: Terminal seta with partly visible poroids in LM; strain YL7. D and E: Seta structure showing elongated poroids (D, strain Ch12A1) and tear-shaped poroids (E, strain M1) and F and G: Detail of setae poroids; strain Ch12A1 (F) and strains MC785 (G). H: Girdle band; strain YL7. All scale bars are 2μm, except 10 μm in C. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g006

Fig 3. Chaetoceros decipiens. Strain D10 in Diversity in the Globally Distributed Diatom Genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae): Three New Species from Warm-Temperate Waters

Fig 3. Chaetoceros decipiens. Strain D10, SEM (A–C) and TEM (D). A: Solitary cell with silica fringes. B: Intercalary cells with overlapping silica membrane (arrow). C: Detail of fused seta bases, silica membrane and fringes on the mantle (arrowhead). D: Rows of poroids on the mantle. A and B scale bars, 10 μm. C and D scale bars, 2 μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168887.g003