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1,445 results for “Distances”
Landscape Corridors Promote Long Distance Seed Dispersal by Birds During Winter but Not During Summer at an Experimentally Fragmented Restoration Site
In fragmented landscapes, plant population persistence and community diversity can hinge upon plants dispersing seeds long distances between isolated patches of habitat. Landscape corridors, which connect otherwise isolated patches, have been shown to increase seed dispersal by birds moving between patch fragments. However, because bird behaviors change seasonally, the strength of this "corridor effect" may also change. We assessed the utility of corridors for promoting seed dispersal by birds during both summer and winter in a well-replicated corridor experiment conducted in early successional longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) savannah habitat at the Savannah River Site in South Carolina, USA. We used a single species of bird-dispersed fruiting plant, American black nightshade (Solanum americanum), and controlled the timing and number of fruits available to birds during summer and winter. Corridors increased long-distance seed dispersal during winter but not during summer, indicating that the effectiveness of corridors for promoting long-distance seed dispersal can depend upon plant reproductive timing and seasonal differences in bird movement. A better understanding of the seasonality of plant-animal interactions will permit better predictions about whether and how corridors provide connectivity for plants.
Firescars with distance from major rivers in Interior Alaska (1988-1993)
Buffers around highways in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 1988 - 1993 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska
Firescars with distance from major rivers in Interior Alaska (1994-1999)
Buffers around major rivers in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 1994 - 1999 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska
Firescars with distance from major rivers in Interior Alaska (2000-2005)
Buffers around major rivers in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 2000 - 2005 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska
Firescars with distance from highways in Interior Alaska (1988-1993)
Buffers around highways in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 1988 - 1993 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska
Firescars with distance from highways in Interior Alaska (1994-1999)
Buffers around highways in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 1994 - 1999 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska
Firescars with distance from highways in Interior Alaska (2000-2005)
Buffers around highways in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 2000 - 2005 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska
Firescars with distance from towns in Interior Alaska (1988-1993)
Buffers around settlements in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 1988 - 1993 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska.
Firescars with distance from towns in Interior Alaska (1994-1999)
Buffers around settlements in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 1994 - 1999 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska.
Firescars with distance from towns in Interior Alaska (2000-2005)
Buffers around settlements in Alaska in 5 km bins to a maximum distance of 45 km overlaid with 2000 -2005 firescars, clipped to Interior Alaska.
Data for: Does migration distance influence intra-individual variation in migratory behaviour in a seabird species with diverse migration strategies?
<p>GPS tracking data from adult lesser black-backed gulls (<em>L. fuscus) </em>with 2 – 7 years of tracking data per individual from several colonies in the Netherlands, Belgium and the UK. This data has gone through initial cleaning to remove faulty GPS locations was combined with meta data from colonies to create a single .RDS file. </p> <p>Result for the manuscript "High repeatability in migratory behaviours in a generalist seabird regardless of migration strategy" can be obtained from this data using the R scripts at https://github.com/jbrow247/LBBG_MigrationPlasticity_Pub. </p>
Annotated genes harboring major effect markers (R2 ≥ 15%). Highlighted in green are genes annotated from Rhodes et al. 2014,2017, in orange genes annotated as similar to Peroxidase, in yellow new annotations from sorghum genome in Atlas. In the first three columns start and stop position on the sorghum genome and transcript name, followed by the nearest marker name and the distance of the gene from the nearest marker, then a column where are shown the GWAS methods and target traits for which the linked SNP was significant, the last column shows the category of the genes.
<p><strong>We conducted a comprehensive genomics study to map genomic loci determining the production of antioxidants in sorghum grains. Encouraging results were obtained and published in peer-reviewed article with impact factor (https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225979). Annotated genes harboring major effect markers (R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 15%) were identified and will be of worldwide interest. </strong></p>
Data from: Influence of paleolithic range contraction, admixture and long-distance dispersal on genetic gradients of modern humans in Asia
<p>Cavalli-Sforza and coauthors originally explored the genetic variation of modern humans throughout the world and observed an overall east-west genetic gradient in Asia. However, the specific environmental and population genetics processes causing this gradient were not formally investigated and promoted discussion in recent studies. Here we studied the influence of diverse environmental and population genetics processes on Asian genetic gradients and identified which could have produced the observed gradient. To do so, we performed extensive spatially-explicit computer simulations of genetic data under the following scenarios: (<i>i</i>) variable levels of admixture between Paleolithic and Neolithic populations, (<i>ii</i>) migration through long-distance dispersal (LDD), (<i>iii</i>) Paleolithic range contraction induced by the last glacial maximum (LGM) and, (<i>iv</i>) Neolithic range expansions from one or two geographic origins (the Fertile Crescent and the Yangzi and Yellow River Basins). Next, we estimated genetic gradients from the simulated data and we found that they were sensible to the analyzed processes, especially to the range contraction induced by LGM and to the number of Neolithic expansions. Some scenarios were compatible with the observed east-west genetic gradient, such as the Paleolithic expansion with a range contraction induced by the LGM or two Neolithic range expansions from both the east and the west. In general, LDD increased the variance of genetic gradients among simulations. We interpreted the obtained gradients as a consequence of both <i>allele surfing</i> caused by range expansions and isolation by distance along the vast east-west geographic axis of this continent.</p>
Data from: Understanding the social dynamics of breeding phenology: indirect genetic effects and assortative mating in a long distance migrant
Phenological traits, such as the timing of reproduction, are often influenced by social interactions between paired individuals. Such partner effects may occur when pair members affect each other's pre-breeding environment. Partner effects can be environmentally and/or genetically determined, and quantifying direct and indirect genetic effects is important for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of phenological traits. Here, using 26 years of data from a pedigreed population of a migratory seabird, the common tern ( Sterna hirundo ), we investigate male and female effects on female laying date. We find that female laying date harbors both genetic and environmental variation, and is additionally influenced by the environmental, and, to a lower extent, genetic, component of her mate. We demonstrate this partner effect to be largely explained by male arrival date. Interestingly, analyses of mating patterns with respect to arrival date show mating to be strongly assortative and, using simulations, we show that this assortative mating for arrival date leads to overestimation of partner effects. Our study provides evidence for partner effects on breeding phenology in a long distance migrant, while uncovering the potential causal pathways underlying the observed effects and raising awareness for confounding effects due to assortative mating or other common environmental effects.
Logger data for article "Effects of blood parasite infections on spatiotemporal migration patterns and activity budgets in a long-distance migratory passerine"
<p>The supplement loggerDATA.zip is a ZIP Archive (to be unzipped e.g. with <a href="https://www.izarc.org/downloads">https://www.izarc.org/downloads</a>) containing 40 folders and one .txt file. In the readME.txt file one can find a detailed description of the folder content and the data specifications of the files used for the analyses in the article "Effects of blood parasite infections on spatiotemporal migration patterns and activity budgets in a long-distance migratory passerine".</p> <p>For more information of how the data can be analysed and visualised please see: <a href="https://kiranlda.github.io/PAMLrManual/">https://kiranlda.github.io/PAMLrManual/</a>.</p>
Tracking long-distance migration of marine fishes using compound-specific stable isotope analysis of amino acids
The long-distance migrations by marine fishes are difficult to track by field observation. Here, we propose a new method to track such migrations using stable nitrogen isotopic composition at the base of the food web (<i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N<sub>Base</sub>), which allows for direct comparison of isotope ratios between proxy organisms of the isoscape and the target migratory animal. We initially constructed a <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N<sub>Base</sub> isoscape in the North Pacific by bulk and compound-specific isotope analyses of copepods (<i>n</i> = 360 and 24, respectively). We then determined retrospective <i>δ</i><sup>15</sup>N<sub>Base</sub> values of spawning chum salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus keta</i>) from their vertebral centra (10 sections from each of two salmon), and estimated their migration routes by using a state-space model. Our isotope tracking method successfully reproduced a known chum salmon migration route between the Okhotsk and Bering seas, and our findings suggest the presence of a migration route to the Bering Sea Shelf during a later growth stage.
Data from: External temperature and distance from nearest entrance influence microclimates of cave and culvert roosting tri-colored bats Perimyotis subflavus
<p>Many North American bat species hibernate in both natural and artificial roosts. Although hibernacula can have high internal climate stability, they still retain spatial variability in their thermal regimes, resulting in various 'microclimates' throughout the roost that differ in their characteristics (e.g., temperature, air moisture). These microclimate components can be influenced by factors such as the number of entrances, the depth of the roost, and distance to the nearest entrance of the roost. Tri-colored bats are commonly found roosting in caves in winter, but they can also be found roosting in large numbers in culverts, providing the unique opportunity to investigate factors influencing microclimates of bats in both natural and artificial roost sites. As tri-colored bats are currently under consideration for federal listing, information of this type could be useful in aiding in the conservation and management of this species through a better understanding of what factors affect the microclimate near roosting bats. We collected data on microclimate temperature and microclimate actual water vapor pressure (AWVP) from a total of 760 overwintering tri-colored bats at 18 caves and 44 culverts. Using linear mixed models analysis, we found that variation in bat microclimate temperatures was best explained by external temperature and distance from nearest entrance in both caves and culverts. External temperature had a greater influence on microclimate temperatures in culverts than caves. We found that variation in microclimate AWVP was best explained by external temperature, distance from nearest entrance and proportion from entrance (proportion of the total length of the roost from the nearest entrance) in culvert roosting bats. Variation in microclimate AWVP was best explained by external temperature and proportion from entrance in cave roosting bats. Our results suggest that bat microclimate temperature and AWVP are influenced by the similar factors in both artificial and natural roosts, although the relative contribution of these factors differ between roost types.</p>
Migration variables and infection data for article "Effects of blood parasite infections on spatiotemporal migration patterns and activity budgets in a long-distance migratory passerine"
<p>Data related to the article "Effects of blood parasite infections on spatiotemporal migration patterns and activity budgets in a long-distance migratory passerine" in the format .csv. The 1st file (SupplTab_EcoEvo_data.csv) contains all variables used for the analyses and the 2nd file (SupplTab_EcoEvo_glossary.csv) contains explanations about the variables in the 1st file.</p>
A consistency account of advice taking: Integrating the effects of advice consensus and advice distance
<p>Which factors determine how individuals utilize advice? Previous research focused on either the consensus or the proximity of advice. We develop a general account of advice taking, arguing that both consensus and proximity influence the consistency (or variance) of the information on hand. From this account, we derive a number of predictions regarding the effects of consensus, distance, and amount of advice on confidence, judgment revision, and advice weighting. Across three experiments, we orthogonally manipulated the distance and consensus of advice. The amount of advice was either measured (Experiments 1 and 2) or manipulated (Experiment 3). The results provide strong support for our consistency account of advice taking. It allows explaining a complex pattern of findings that neither consensus nor proximity alone can account for. This research advances our theoretical understanding of advice taking, while adding to a broader literature that highlights the importance of consistency of information for judgment and decision making.</p>
Total Ortholog Median Matrix (TOMM): an alternative unsupervised approach for phylogenomics based on evolutionary distance between protein coding genes
<p>The increasing number of available genomic data allowed the development of phylogenomic analytical tools. Current methods compile information from single gene phylogenies, whether based on topologies or multiple sequence alignments. Generally, phylogenomic analyses elect gene families or genomic regions to construct phylogenomic trees. Here, we presented an alternative approach for Phylogenomics, named TOMM (Total Ortholog Median Matrix), to construct a representative phylogram composed by amino acid distance measures of all pairwise ortholog protein sequence pairs from desired species inside a group of organisms. The procedure is divided two main steps, (1) ortholog detection and (2) creation of a matrix with the median amino acid distance measures of all pairwise orthologous sequences. We tested this approach within three different group of organisms: Kinetoplastida protozoa, hematophagous Diptera vectors and Primates. Our approach was robust and efficacious to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships for the three groups. Moreover, novel branch topologies could be achieved, providing insights about some phylogenetic relationships between some taxa.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.