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Figure 12 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 12. Details of axial features of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28948, specimen in ventral aspect, close-up of posterior part of axial features, the smooth structures on top of the three-dimensional mineralizations may represent sternites. B, MGUH 28958, ventral aspect, showing transverse bars adjacent to anterior border of tergites. C, MGUH 28965, ventral aspect, showing transverse bars composed of at least two strands adjacent to anterior border of tergites. D, MGUH 28943, dorsal aspect, close-up of anterior part of trunk axis, showing transverse hollows in axial mineralizations. E, MGUH 28946, close-up of axis, ventral aspect, showing transverse bars and continuous patch of corrugated surface that may represent fossilized muscle tissue, the arrow marks the exopod setae.

Figure 11 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 11. Details of the postantennular limbs of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28950, showing the shape and size of the anterior exopods, the endopod of the third postantennular limb is covered by the exopod of the second. B, MGUH 28967, posterior part of trunk, the exopods are made visible by the marginal setae (arrows). C, MGUH 28952, posterior part of trunk, the exopods are made visible by the marginal setae (arrows) imprinted in tergites. D, MGUH 28969, showing the articulation of the exopod along the slanting lateral edge of the basipod (arrows), the joint between the basipod and the first endopod podomere is seen by a sharp fold, and the exopod is probably represented by the smooth area, with the setae probably being imprints of setae belonging to the exopod of the next anterior (left) limb. Abbreviations: app1 en, endopod of first postantennular appendage; app1 ex, exopod of first postantennular appendage; app2 en, endopod of second postantennular appendage; app2 ex, exopod of second postantennular appendage; app3 en, endopod of third postantennular appendage; asr, anterior spine row of basipod; en1, first podomere of endopod; exs, exopod setae; psr, posterior spine row of basipod.

Figure 9 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 9. Details of the postantennular limbs of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, close-up of MGUH 28946, showing endopods, exopod setae, and basipod spines (see Fig. 8B for an interpretative line drawing), the first postantennular limb is only marked by the basipod armature, arrows point to bulges that may represent the limbs of the opposing limb series folded under the axis. B, close-up of the postantennular limbs of MGUH 28942, arrows mark joints between the podomeres of the endopod. C, MGUH 28956, close-up of distal parts of endopods, showing the distal (ninth) podomere, which is a stout spine (arrows). Abbreviations: ant, antennula; app1-3 bas, basipods of first to third postantennular appendages; app1 ex, exopod of first postantennular appendage; app2 en, endopod of second postantennular appendage; cs, cephalic shield; en1–9, first to ninth podomere of the endopod; exs, exopod setae; tg1, first trunk tergite; tg2, second trunk.

Figure 10 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 10. Details of the postantennular limbs of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28946, overview of an almost complete specimen, showing the length of the postantennular limbs and basipod spines. B, interpretative line drawing of anterior part of MGUH 28946, the endopod podomeres could only be traced on the actual specimen under oblique light from varying angles, see also Fig. 10A. C, MGUH 28949, basipod spines (arrow) point posteriorly (left). D, MGUH 28951, specimen in horizontal entombment, appendages are flipped anteriorly, as indicated by basipod spines. Abbreviations: ant, antennula; app1 ex, exopod of first postantennular appendage; app2 en, endopod of second postantennular appendage; app3 en, endopod of third postantennular appendage; bas spn, spines on the median edge of the basipod; cs, cephalic shield; en, endopod; exs, exopod setae; tg1, first trunk tergite; tg2, second trunk tergite; tg15, fifteenth trunk tergite; tg16, sixteenth trunk tergite; ts, tail shield.

Figure 8 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 8. Details of the postantennular limbs of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28947, showing shape of basipod and first podomere, the arrows mark exsagittal mineralizations. B, drawing of MGUH 28947. C, MGUH 28945, showing sclerotized ridges in the arthrodial membrane between body and basipod (arrows). D, MGUH 28959, showing posteriorly directed basipod spines. Abbreviations: bas, basipod; bas spn, spines on the median edge of the basipod; cs, cephalic shield; en1, first podomere of endopod; en2, second podomere of endopod; tg1, first trunk tergite; tg2, second trunk tergite.

Figure 7 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 7. Details of the antennula of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28948, the most completely preserved antennula, showing medial spines. B, drawing of MGUH 28948. C, MGUH 28953, showing pivot joints between articles (arrows). D, MGUH 28960, antennula rotated, showing peduncle and concave median surface of articles, arrows mark spines. E, MGUH 28954, showing widely spaced double rows of spines (arrows). Abbreviations: ant, antennula; app1 ex, exopod of first postantennular appendage; app2 en, endopod of second postantennular appendage; app2 ex, exopod of second postantennular appendage; cs, cephalic shield; ped, peduncle; tg1, first trunk tergite.

Figure 3 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 3. Statistics of selected morphometrics, based on 69 specimens that could be measured. A, size–frequency histogram based on the total length of the specimens. B, plot of length of the head shield against total length.

Figure 6 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 6. Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov., posterior part of trunk and tail shield. A, MGUH 28966, parts of the exopods are represented by the margins with setae, and arrows mark the exsagittal mineralizations. B, drawing of MGUH 28966, exopods indicate that the posterior limbs were flipped backwards at the time of burial. C, MGUH 28962, in the posterior part of the trunk, an elongate hollowed-out structure potentially marks the position of the gut (gut?). D, drawing of MGUH 28962. Abbreviations: tg15, fifteenth trunk tergite; tg16, sixteenth trunk tergite; ts, tail shield.

Figure 5 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 5. Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28963, oblique entombment, showing the length of the limbs. B, MGUH 28964, horizontal entombent, showing the length of the antennula. C, drawing of MGUH 28964. Abbreviations: ant, antennula; app1 ex, exopod of first postantennular appendage; app2 ex, exopod of second postantennular appendage; bas spn, spines on the median edge of the basipod; cs, cephalic shield; en, endopod; tg1, first trunk tergite; tg2, second trunk tergite; tg15, fifteenth trunk tergite; tg16, sixteenth trunk tergite; ts, tail shield.

Figure 2 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 2. Schematic model of the predominant oblique mode of entombment of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. One limb series is extended under the tergopleurae, whereas the other is folded under the axis. A, ventral view. B, frontal view.

Figure 4 in A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula

Figure 4. Holotype of Kiisortoqia soperi gen. et sp. nov. A, MGUH 28942, arrows mark exsagittal mineralizations. B, drawing of MGUH 28942, heavy lines indicate non-biological features, such as cracks. Abbreviations: ant, antennula; app1 ex, exopod of first postantennular appendage; app2 en, endopod of second postantennular appendage; app2 ex, exopod of second postantennular appendage; bas spn, spines on the median edge of the basipod; cs, cephalic shield; gud, gut diverticulae; tg1, first trunk tergite; tg2, second trunk tergite; tg15, fifteenth trunk tergite; tg16, sixteenth trunk tergite; ts, tail shield.

Figure 17. Unassigned Emu Bay Shale radiodont body flaps. A, SAMA P50326a. Largest known body flap. B, SAMA P55654b. C, SAMA P57407a in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 17. Unassigned Emu Bay Shale radiodont body flaps. A, SAMA P50326a. Largest known body flap. B, SAMA P55654b. C, SAMA P57407a. Flap with straight margin of articulation (arrowhead). D, SAMA P48154a, flap with 14 transverse lines and sharply defined margin of attachment (arrowhead). Scale bars: A = 20 mm; B–D = 10 mm.

Figure 12 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 12. Echidnacaris briggsi (Nedin, 1995) comb. nov. frontal appendages. A, B, SAMA P49151b. C, D, SAMA P48371a. Scale bars: A = 20 mm; B, D = 5 mm; C = 10 mm.

Figure 13 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 13. Echidnacaris briggsi (Nedin, 1995) comb. nov. head elements. A, SAMA P51380a. B, C, SAMA P45911b, a, respectively (light in C is from the top). Arrowheads in A and C indicate narrow marginal rim. Scale bars: 10 mm.

Figure 9 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 9. Echidnacaris briggsi (Nedin, 1995) comb. nov. SAMA P54876. Frontal appendage. A, B, P54876a, overview. Photograph and camera lucida drawing, respectively. C, P54876b, detail of counterpart, showing well-preserved endites (En2–8) with auxiliary spines in epirelief. Abbreviations: BEn, base endite; Cp1—Cp11, claw podomeres 1–11; En1–11, endites of claw podomeres 1–11; sp, spinules. Scale bars: A, B = 20 mm; C = 10 mm.

Figure 5 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 5. Anomalocaris daleyae sp. nov. Paratype SAMA P55619b. Frontal appendage. A, B, photograph and camera lucida drawing, respectively. C, endite 5 (En5). D, endite 7 (En7). Arrowheads in C, D indicate auxiliary spines; anterior to left, posterior to right. Abbreviations: Cp1–Cp11, claw podomeres 1–11; ds, dorsal spine; En1–9, endites of claw podomeres 1–9. Scale bars: A, B = 10 mm; C, D = 3 mm.

Figure 4 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 4. Anomalocaris daleyae sp. nov. Paratype SAMA P54844a, b. Paired frontal appendages and partial oral cone. A, B, P54844a. Photograph and camera lucida drawing, respectively. C, D, P54844b. Photograph and camera lucida drawing, respectively. Abbreviations: BEn, base endite; Cp1–Cp11, claw podomeres 1–11; ds, dorsal spine; En1–7, endites of claw podomeres 1–7; oc, oral cone. Scale bars: 10 mm.

Figure 7 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 7. Reconstructions of Emu Bay Shale radiodont frontal appendages. A, B, Anomalocaris daleyae sp. nov. A, entire appendage. B, oblique cross-section of first claw podomere (Cp1) showing enlarged paired endites, each bearing three pairs of auxiliary spines. C, D, Echidnacaris briggsi (Nedin, 1995). C, entire appendage. D, oblique cross-section of typical claw podomere in middle portion of appendage showing paired endites bearing both auxiliary spines and spinules.

Figure 6 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 6. Anomalocaris daleyae sp. nov. A, B, paratype SAMA P15374b. Frontal appendage. A, overview. B, detail of proximal and distal parts of enrolled appendage; arrowheads indicate auxiliary spines. C, SAMA P54915. Distal part of frontal appendage, showing four dorsal spines. D, E, SAMA P54874a, b, respectively. Oral cone. Abbreviations: BEn, base endite; Cp1–Cp10, claw podomeres 1–10; ds, dorsal spine; En1, endite of claw podomere 1. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–E = 5 mm.

Figure 2 in The early Cambrian Emu Bay Shale radiodonts revisited: morphology and systematics

Figure 2. Anomalocaris daleyae sp. nov. Holotype SAMA P51398a. Paired frontal appendages and oral cone. A, photograph. B, camera lucida drawing (grey lines correspond to cuticle wrinkles). Abbreviations: BEn, base endite; Cp1–Cp9, claw podomeres 1– 9; ds, dorsal spine; En1–9, endites of claw podomeres 1–9; ts, terminal spine on Cp13. Scale bars: 10 mm.