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Figure 4. Berghia benteva. A in The family Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827 (Gastropoda Opisthobranchia) from Brazil, with a description of a new species belonging to the genus Berghia Trinchese, 1877

Figure 4. Berghia benteva. A, dorsal view of the external morphology; scale bar = 5 mm. B, lateral view of a specimen, showing the arrangement of the cerata; scale bar = 5 mm. C, D, radular teeth (10-mm-long specimen, from Praia de Armação); scale bars = 100 Mm.

Figure 2 in The family Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827 (Gastropoda Opisthobranchia) from Brazil, with a description of a new species belonging to the genus Berghia Trinchese, 1877

Figure 2. Anteaeolidiella indica from Praia dos Ossos (10-mm-long specimen). A, the largest radular tooth. B, one median tooth. C, the smallest tooth. Scale bars = 10 Mm.

Figure 3 in The family Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827 (Gastropoda Opisthobranchia) from Brazil, with a description of a new species belonging to the genus Berghia Trinchese, 1877

Figure 3. SEM images of radulae and jaws. A, radula of Anteaeolidiella indica from Praia dos Ossos; scale bar = 10 Mm. B, jaw of A. indica; scale bar = 100 Mm. C, radula of Berghia benteva from Praia dos Ossos (18-mm-long specimen); scale bar = 50 Mm. D, central part of the tooth of B. benteva; scale bar = 10 Mm. E, detail of the tooth of Berghia creutzbergi from Praia de Armação (13-mm-long specimen); scale bar = 10 Mm. F, jaw of B. creutzbergi (13-mm-long specimen); scale bar = 200 Mm.

Figure 1. Living animals. A, Anteaeolidiella indica from Praia dos Ossos. B in The family Aeolidiidae Gray, 1827 (Gastropoda Opisthobranchia) from Brazil, with a description of a new species belonging to the genus Berghia Trinchese, 1877

Figure 1. Living animals. A, Anteaeolidiella indica from Praia dos Ossos. B, Berghia benteva from Praia de Armação (10-mm-long specimen). C, D, Berghia benteva from Praia dos Ossos (18- and 19-mm-long specimens). E, Berghia creutzbergi from Praia de Armação (13-mm-long specimen). F, Berghia marcusi sp. nov., from Praia de Armação (dorsal view, 12-mm-long specimen). G, Berghia marcusi sp. nov. (ventral view of the same specimen). H–J, Spurilla neapolitana from Praia de Armação. K, Spurilla neapolitana from Praia dos Ossos.

FIG. 6. — A in Shifting shell morphology in a Late Miocene-Pliocene land snail species lineage (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Spiraxidae), with the description of a new species

FIG. 6. — A, Palaeoglandina aquensis (Matheron, 1843) from Aix (Burdigalian, Aix Basin), MHNM 6034.9314.1; B, P. galloprovincialis (Matheron, 1843) from Peyrolles (Tortonian, Durance Basin), MHNM 6034.9317.1; C1, C2, P. montenati Truc, 1971 from Quibas (Calabrian, Quibas site), MVHN-180222GM05; D1, D2, P. aquensis var. obtusa (Depéret, 1890), UCBL-FSL 148027; E1, E2, P. gracilis (Zieten, 1832), NHMW 2013/0572/0040; F1, F2, P. taurinensis (Sacco, 1886), BS.093.02.001; G, P. turolensis n. sp., MAP-8420, detail of protoconch; H, P. gracilis (Zieten, 1832), NHMW 2013/0572/0040, detail of protoconch; I, P. taurinensis (Sacco, 1886), BS.093.02.001, detail of protoconch;J, P. montenati Truc,1971 from Quibas,MVHN-180222GM05,detail of protoconch. Scale bars: A-F,10 mm; G,1 mm; H-J, 2 mm.

FIG. 2. — A in Shifting shell morphology in a Late Miocene-Pliocene land snail species lineage (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Spiraxidae), with the description of a new species

FIG. 2. — A, Shell measurements, following Solem & Climo (1985), and arrangement of landmarks (large circles) and semi-landmarks (small dots). The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of points for each of the two semi-landmark curves. See text for abbreviations. B, Protoconch measurements, following Verduin (1977). Abbreviations: N, nucleus; P/T boundary, protoconch/teleoconch boundary. Scale bar: A, 5 mm; B, 6 mm.

FIG. 4. — A, Palaeoglandina turolensis n in Shifting shell morphology in a Late Miocene-Pliocene land snail species lineage (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Spiraxidae), with the description of a new species

FIG. 4. — A, Palaeoglandina turolensis n. sp. from La Gloria 4 (Ruscinian, Teruel Basin): A1-A3, MAP-8405, holotype; B, MAP-8406, paratype; C, MAP-8407, paratype; D, MAP-8408, paratype; E, MAP-8409, paratype; F, MAP-8410, paratype; G, MAP-8411, paratype; H, MAP-8412, paratype; I, MAP-8413, paratype; J, MAP-8414, paratype; K, MAP-8415; L, MAP-8416; M, MAP-8417; N, MAP-8418; O, MAP-8419. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIG. 3 in Shifting shell morphology in a Late Miocene-Pliocene land snail species lineage (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Spiraxidae), with the description of a new species

FIG. 3. — Results of the morphometric analyses: A, principal components analysis of the Procrustes shape coordinates; shown are the first three axes explaining 88.5% of the total variance; B, thin-plate spline deformation grid illustrating the extreme values for each principal component; deformations were magnified to a factor of 2 to highlight variation of distinct traits; C, reconstructed mean shapes for all material as well as across specimens for each locality.

FIG. 5. — A-D, O, Palaeoglandina turolensis n in Shifting shell morphology in a Late Miocene-Pliocene land snail species lineage (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Spiraxidae), with the description of a new species

FIG. 5. — A-D, O, Palaeoglandina turolensis n. sp. from Orrios 1 (Ruscinian, Teruel Basin): A, O, MAP-8421; B, MAP-8422; C, MAP-8423; D, MAP-8424; E-L, N, P. turolensis n. sp. from Los Aljezares (Turolian, Teruel Basin): E, 040822JA01; F, N, 040822JA02; G, MGM-3723; H, MNCNI-28900-D; I, MNCNI-28900-A; J, MGM-118M; K, MNCNI-28900-E; L, MNCNI-11300-E; M, P. turolensis n. sp. from La Gloria 4, MAP-8405. Scale bars: A-J, 10 mm; M-O, 6 mm.

FIG. 1 in Shifting shell morphology in a Late Miocene-Pliocene land snail species lineage (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Spiraxidae), with the description of a new species

FIG. 1. — Geographical and geological overview of the studied sites in the Teruel Basin: A, schematic geological map of the Teruel Basin region indicating the areas in which the studied sites are located (modified after Ezquerro et al. 2022a); B, C, detailed locations of the Los Aljezares (AL), La Gloria 4 (LG4) and Orrios 1 (OR1) sites. Underlying images © Google Maps 2023, CNES/Airbus, Maxar Technologies.

Fig. 4. A in A new species of Anaglyphula Rensch, 1932 from an island off the coast of West Indonesia, with redescription of the type species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Assimineidae)

Fig. 4. A, Putative constriction position of Anaglyphula yanseni, new species, holotype MZB.Gst. 23.829; B, Constriction of Anaglyphula cancellata Rensch, 1932, syntype NHMUK 1897.8.3.150; C, Constriction of Anaglyphula whitteni Vermeulen, 1996, paratype NHMUK 20000247. Not to scale.

Fig. 1. Anaglyphula cancellata Rensch, 1932, syntype NHMUK 1897.8.3.150. A in A new species of Anaglyphula Rensch, 1932 from an island off the coast of West Indonesia, with redescription of the type species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Assimineidae)

Fig. 1. Anaglyphula cancellata Rensch, 1932, syntype NHMUK 1897.8.3.150. A, Shell; B, Upper whorls; C, Structure on body whorl; D, Detailed structure on penultimate whorl.

Fig. 3 in A new species of Anaglyphula Rensch, 1932 from an island off the coast of West Indonesia, with redescription of the type species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Assimineidae)

Fig. 3. Anaglyphula yanseni, new species, holotype MZB.Gst. 23.829. A–B, Shell; A, Visible light camera images; B, SEM images; C, Protoconch; D, Detailed structure on upper body whorl; E, Detailed structure on lower body whorl.

Fig. 2. A in A new species of Anaglyphula Rensch, 1932 from an island off the coast of West Indonesia, with redescription of the type species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Assimineidae)

Fig. 2. A, Anaglyphula cancellata Rensch, 1932, syntype NHMUK 1897.8.3.149; B–C, Anaglyphula whitteni Vermeulen, 1996, Paratype. NHMUK 20000247; B, Shell; C, Ribbing structure details.

Fig. 5. Acmella species. A in A new species of Anaglyphula Rensch, 1932 from an island off the coast of West Indonesia, with redescription of the type species (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Assimineidae)

Fig. 5. Acmella species. A, Acmella cf. tersa, NHMUK; B, Acmella moreletiana G. Nevill, 1878, NHMUK 1891.3.17.944–7; C, Acmella mellilla Godwin-Austen, 1895, NHMUK 1903.7.1.1698.

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Fig. 3a-j in Physico-chemical characteristics of habitats colonized by the pond snail Radix labiata (Gastropoda, Basommatophora, Lymnaeidae): a model approach

Fig. 3a-j: Graphical presentation of essential parameters associated with logistic regression: white vertical line: position of the maximum probability of occurrence (xmax), black bar: optimum range of the given variable, grey-shaded area: range of the given variable that is still tolerated by the species; a) water temperature, b) pH, c) electric conductivity, d) oxygen content in the water, e) nitrate concentration in the water, f) water depth, g) biological oxygen demand within five days, h) content of ammonium nitrogen, i) geographic altitude, j) current velocity.

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Fig. 1 in Physico-chemical characteristics of habitats colonized by the pond snail Radix labiata (Gastropoda, Basommatophora, Lymnaeidae): a model approach

Fig. 1: General habitus of the shell of R. labiata as well as the living animal: a) Front view of the shell (height: 1.4 cm, width: 0.75 cm), b) back view of the shell, c) living animal with its typical triangular tentacles.

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Fig. 2a-j in Physico-chemical characteristics of habitats colonized by the pond snail Radix labiata (Gastropoda, Basommatophora, Lymnaeidae): a model approach

Fig. 2a-j: Results of the logistic regression procedure carried out for ten environmental variables: a) water temperature, b) pH, c) electric conductivity, d) oxygen content in the water, e) nitrate concentration in the water, f) water depth, g) biological oxygen demand within five days, h) content of ammonium nitrogen, i) geographic altitude, j) current velocity.

Fig. 2 in Ferussina Petofiana Sp. N. (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae), The Oldest Representative Of Its Subfamily From The Late Cretaceous Of Romania

Fig. 2. Holotype and only specimen of Ferussina petofiana Páll-Gergely, sp. n.: A–D, F = various views of the shell; E = aperture; G: protoconch and first teleoconch whorls; H = Arrows

Fig. 1 in Ferussina Petofiana Sp. N. (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae), The Oldest Representative Of Its Subfamily From The Late Cretaceous Of Romania

Fig. 1. Geological setting of the type locality of Ferussina petofiana. A = Position of the Hațeg Basin (rectangle; HB) within Romania. B = Simplified geological map of the Hațeg Basin, highlighting the distribution of the uppermost Cretaceous continental deposits (shades of green). Legend: 1 – surrounding metamorphic basement, 2 – units of the sedimentary basin infill (mostly marine), 3-5 – fossiliferous Maastrichtian continental deposits, with 3 – Sînpetru Formation, 4 – Densuș-Ciula Formation (v – volcaniclastic beds), and 5 – Sînpetru Formation-correlative units (see CSIKI-SAVA et al. 2016), 6 – Quaternary cover, 7 – sites with gastropod assemblages (a – SCHAFARZIK 1909, b – RĂDULESCU et al. 1976, c –ANTONESCU et al. 1983, d –GRIGORESCU et al. 1985, e – PANĂ et al. 2002, f – CSIKI et al. 2008, g – VASILE et al. 2011; see text for details), 8 – site K3 of Vălioara, the type locality of Ferussina petofiana (from BOTFALVAI et al. 2021). C = Synthetic lithological column near site K3 (marked by red arrow), modified from BOTFALVAI et al. (2021). Lithofacies abbreviations: BChD – braided channel deposits, mainly conglomerates, ChL – sandstone channel lag, SSp – sandstone sheet-splay, PdFP – poorly drained floodplain deposits, mainly grey-greenish silts and muds, WdFP – well-drained floodplain deposits, mainly red silts and muds. For more details, see BOTFALVAI et al. (2021). D. View of site K3 in the Pârâul Neagului ravine, located in grey-greenish fine-grained floodplain deposits (near handle of hammer). E. The Retezat Mountains overlooking the Hațeg Basin from the south (photo by Gergő Konecsni), mentioned by the Petőfi poem written during his 1849 visit in the