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Fig. 1 in A new ant genus from the late Eocene European amber

Fig. 1. Myrmicine ant Eocenomyrma orthospina sp. nov., the holotype worker, MZ 13434, from the Baltic Amber, late Eocene. A. Photograph in dorso−lateral view. B, C. Explanatory drawings, based on the original photographs; head, mesosoma and waist in dorso−lateral view (B), and mesosoma and petiole in lateral view (C).

Fig. 4 in A new ant genus from the late Eocene European amber

Fig. 4. Myrmicine ant Eocenomyrma rugosostriata (Mayr, 1868), the neotype worker, ZMHU F−191, from the Saxonian Amber, late Eocene. A. Photograph in dorso−lateral view. B, C. Explanatory drawings, based on the original photographs; in dorso−lateral view (B), and mesosoma, waist, and gaster in lateral view (C).

Fig. 3 in A new ant genus from the late Eocene European amber

Fig. 3. Myrmicine ant Eocenomyrma elegantula sp. nov., the holotype worker, GPMHU 4404, from the Baltic Amber, late Eocene. A. Photograph in lateral view. B. Explanatory drawing, based on the original photograph; lateral view.

Fig. 6 in Late Eocene scyliorhinid sharks from the Trans-Urals, Russia

Fig. 6. Foumtizia aff. pattersoni (Cappetta, 1976), Kurgan, Russia; Tavda Formation, Priabonian. A. 8CΠ/Ku−87/02, lateral tooth; in labial (A1), lingual (A2), and occlusal (A3) views. B. 8CΠ/Ku−87/03, anterior tooth; in labial (B1), lingual (B2), and occlusal (B3) views. Digital photo.

Fig. 5 in Late Eocene scyliorhinid sharks from the Trans-Urals, Russia

Fig. 5. Scyliorhinus zhelezkoi sp. nov., Derney, Russia; Tavda Formation, Priabonian. IGG 8CΠ/D−03/01, lower lateral tooth; in labially−occlusal (A), lingual (B), occlusal (C), and lingually−occlusal (G) views; ribs on the labial side of the crown (D), lateral cusplet in the lingual view (E), ribs on the lingual side of the crown (F, H). SEM microphotographs.

Fig. 4 in Late Eocene scyliorhinid sharks from the Trans-Urals, Russia

Fig. 4. Scyliorhinus zhelezkoi sp. nov., Kurgan, Russia; Tavda Formation, Priabonian. A. Holotype. PIN 5088/03, lateral tooth; in labial (A1), lingual (A2), medial (A3), basal (A4), and lingually−occlusal (A5) views. B. Paratype. PIN 5088/04, anterior tooth; in labial (B1), labially−occlusal (B2), and lingually−mesial (B3) views; distal cusplets, enlargement (B4). SEM microphotographs.

Fig. 2 in Late Eocene scyliorhinid sharks from the Trans-Urals, Russia

Fig. 2. Premontreia uralica sp. nov., Kurgan, Russia; Tavda Formation, Priabonian. A. Holotype. PIN 5088/01, anterior tooth; in labial (A1), lingual (A2), labially−occlusal (A3), distally−basal (A4), lingually−occlusal (A5), and basal (A6) views. B. Paratype. PIN 5088/02, anterior tooth; in labial (B1), distally−basal (B2), lingual (B3), labially−occlusal (B4), lingually−occlusal (B5), and basal (B6) views. SEM microphotographs.

Fig. 3 in Late Eocene scyliorhinid sharks from the Trans-Urals, Russia

Fig. 3. Premontreia uralica sp. nov., Kurgan, Russia; Tavda Formation, Priabonian. A. 8CΠ/Ku−87/21, anterior tooth; in labial (A1), lingual (A2), occlusal (A3), distal (A4), and basal (A5) views. B. Lateral tooth; in labial (B1), lingual (B2), distal (B3), and occlusal (B4) views. Digital photographs.

Fig. 1 in Late Eocene scyliorhinid sharks from the Trans-Urals, Russia

Fig. 1. Geographical position of the localities where the studied material came from. A. The distribution of the Peri−Tethyan and West−Siberian waters in Priabonian times. B. Localities studied. C. Schematic local lithostratigaphic section.

Figure 5 in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 5. Scyliorhinid shark teeth from the Dry Branch Formation (Priabonian) of Aiken County, South Carolina. A–G. Foumtizia sp. Anterior tooth in labial (A), lingual (B) and profile (C) views, SC2013.38. 27. Anterior tooth in labial (D) view, SC96.97.5. Anterior tooth in labial (E) view, SC96.97.6. Anterior tooth in labial view (F), SC96.97.7. Anterior tooth in labial view (G), SC 96.97.8. H–N. Premontreia (Oxyscyllium) sp. cf. Pr. (O.) gilberti. Anterior tooth in labial (H) and distal (I) views, SC2013.38.29. Labial at left in I. Anterior? tooth in labial (J), lingual (K) and basal (L) views, SC2013.38.30. Lateral tooth in labial (M) and lingual (N) views, SC2013.38.31. O–CC. Scyliorhinus sp. Lateral tooth in labial (O), lingual (P), occlusal (Q), and basal (R) views, SC2013.38.36. Anterolateral tooth in basal (S) view, SC2013.38.35. Lateral tooth in labial (T), lingual (U), and occlusal (V) views, SC2013.38.39. Lateral tooth in labial (W), lingual (X), and occlusal (Y) views, SC2013.38.37. Lateral tooth in labial (Z), lingual (AA), and occlusal (BB) views, SC2013.38.38. Anterior? tooth in occlusal (CC) view, SC2013.38.40. Labial at top in L, R, S; at bottom in Q, V, Y, BB, CC. Scale bars=1mm.

Figure 1. A in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 1. A. Outline map of southeastern US coastal states showing South Carolina, Aiken County (shaded region), and the city of Aiken. B. Generalized stratigraphic section of Barnwell Group strata in the Aiken, South Carolina area. The fossiliferous horizon at the South Aiken Site occurs approximately 2 m below the base of the Tobacco Road Formation. A and B modified from Cicimurri and Ebersole (2015). Abbreviations: NP=calcareous nannoplankton zone, O'burg=Orangeburg.

Figure 2 in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 2. Shark teeth from the Dry Branch Formation (Priabonian) of Aiken County, South Carolina. A–D. Notorynchus sp. cf. No. kempi teeth. Lower left tooth in lingual (A) and labial (B) views, SC2013.38.1. Lower right tooth in labial (C) and lingual (D) views, SC96.97.4. E. Squatina sp. cf. Sq. prima. Antero-lateral tooth in labial view, SC96.97.9. F, G. Nebrius sp. cf. Neb. thielensi. Anterolateral tooth in labial (F) and occlusal (G) views, SC2013.38.5. Labial at top in G. H. Ginglymostomatidae. Tooth in labial view, SC2013.38.7. I–O. Carcharias sp. Third lower right anterior tooth in labial (I) view, SC2001.1.55. Third upper right anterior tooth in lingual (J) and labial (K) views, SC2001.1.57. First lower right anterior tooth in labial (L) view, SC2001.1.59. Second lower right anterior tooth in labial (M) view, SC96.97.44.1. Second upper right anterior tooth in lingual (N) view, SC96.97.42. Lower left lateral tooth in lingual (O) view, SC96.97.43. P–S. Alopias sp. Tooth in labial (P) and lingual (Q) views, SC2001.1.65. Tooth in labial (R) and lingual (S) views, SC2001.1.66. Scale bars=1 cm in A–D, I–K, N, O; 5 mm in E–G, L–M, P–S; 1 mm in H.

Figure 7 in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 7. Myliobatidae teeth from the Dry Branch Formation (Priabonian) of Aiken County, South Carolina. A–E. Aetomylaeus sp. Incomplete lower median tooth in labial (A), lingual (B), and occlusal (C) and views, SC2001.1.2. Lateral tooth in occlusal (D) and profile (E) views, SC2001.1.29. F–I. Pseudaetobatus undulatus. Upper median tooth in occlusal (F) view, SC2013.38.86. Lower median tooth in occlusal (G) view, SC2013.38.84. Upper right distal-most lateral tooth in occlusal (H) and labial (I) views, SC2013.38.91. Lateral tooth in occlusal (J) view, SC2013.38.96.2. K–R. Rhinoptera sp. Lateral tooth in labial (K), lingual (L), occlusal (M), and basal (N) views, SC2001.1.12. Median tooth in occlusal (O), lingual (P), and basal (Q) views, SC2001.1.16. Lateral tooth in lingual (R) view, SC2013.38.70. Labial at top in C, D, F–H, J, M–O, Q; at right in E. Scale bars=1 cm in A–C, F–I, K–R; 5 mm in D, E, J.

Figure 4 in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 4. Carcharhiniform shark teeth from the Dry Branch Formation (Priabonian) of Aiken County, South Carolina. A–D. Carcharhinidae indeterminate. Anterolateral tooth in labial (A) and lingual (B) views, SC2013.38.105. Anterolateral tooth in labial (C) and lingual (D) views, SC2001.1.43. Labial at right in C. E–P. Isogomphodon aikenensis n. sp. Upper anterior tooth in lingual view (E), SC2013.38.110 (Holotype). Lower lateral tooth in labial (F) and lingual (G) views, SC2013.38.123.1. Lower anterior tooth in labial (H) and lingual (I) views, SC2013.38.119 (Paratype). Upper lateral tooth in labial (J) and lingual (K) views, SC2013.38.112 (Paratype). Posterolateral tooth in labial (L) and lingual (M) views, SC2013.38.114. Posterior tooth in labial (N) and lingual (O) views, SC2013.38.115 (Paratype). Upper anterolateral tooth in lingual (P) view, SC2013.38.111 (Paratype). Scale bars=1 cm in A–D; 5 mm in E–P.

Figure 6 in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 6. Batoid teeth from the Dry Branch Formation (Priabonian) of Aiken County, South Carolina. A–D. Rhinobatos sp. Tooth in occlusal (A), labial (B), profile (C), and basal (D) views, SC2013.38.45. E–H. Rhynchobatus sp. cf. Rhy. pristinus. Tooth in occlusal (E), labial (F), profile (G), and basal (H) views, SC2013.38.46. I–P. Dasyatis sp. cf. D. tricuspidatus. Male anterior tooth in labial (I) and distal (J) views, SC2013.38.42. Tooth in labial (K) and occlusal (L) views, SC2013.38.43. Tooth in occlusal (M), labial (N), profile (O), and basal (P) views, SC2013.38.41. Q–Y. Dasyatis sp. SC2013.38.49. Male anterior tooth in labial (Q) and distal (R) views. Tooth in occlusal (S) view, SC2013.38.55. Tooth in occlusal (T), labial (U), and profile (V) views, SC2013.38.52. Tooth in occlusal (W), labial (X), and profile (Y) views, SC2013.38.53. Labial at top in A, D, E, H, L, M, P, S–T, W; at left in C, G, J, O, R, V, Y. Scale bars=1 mm.

Figure 3 in Late Eocene (Priabonian) elasmobranchs from the Dry Branch Formation (Barnwell Group) of Aiken County, South Carolina, USA

Figure 3. Carcharhiniform shark teeth the Dry Branch Formation (Priabonian) of Aiken County, South Carolina. A–D. Physogaleus sp. cf. Ph. latus. Upper left lateral tooth in lingual (A) and labial (B) views, SC2013.38.65. Lower left anterior tooth in labial (C) and lingual (D) views, SC96.97.26. E, F. Galeocerdo sp. Anterolateral tooth in lingual (E) and labial (F) views, SC2013.38.16. G–I. Abdounia sp. cf. Ab. enniskilleni. Anterior tooth in lingual (G) and labial (H) views, SC96.97.30. Lateral tooth in lingual (I) view, SC96.97.31. J–L. Rhizoprionodon?ganntourensis. Anterolateral tooth in labial (J) and lingual (K) views, SC2013.38.98. Lateral tooth in lingual view (L), SC2013.38.99. M–P. Hemipristis sp. cf. He. curvatus. Upper left lateral tooth in lingual (M) and labial (N) views, SC2001.1.21. Lower right anterior tooth in lingual (O) and labial (P) views, SC2013.28.35. Q, R. Negaprion gilmorei. Upper right anterior tooth in lingual (Q) view, SC2013.38.61. Lower right anterolateral tooth in lingual (R) view, SC2013.38.64. Scale bars=1 cm in A–F, M–N, Q–R; 5 mm in G–L, O–P.

Table 2 in A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA

Table 2. Comparison of fossil Fagus woods from Dietz Hill with Fagus dodgei from Post Hammer (UF 279, late Eocene, Wheeler and Manchester 2021) and Fagus manosii (mid-Miocene, Wheeler and Dillhoff 2009). VTD =vessel tangential diameter in µm, mean (SD); V/mm2 =number of vessels per square mm; Lrg Ray =large ray, number of cells wide; Cmp =compound ray; Lrg Ray Ht. =large ray height in µm, mean (SD, when known), range.<table><tbody><tr><th>Sample</th><th>VTD</th><th>V /mm2</th><th>Lrg Ray</th><th>Lrg Ray Ht.</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>UF 278-84869</th><td>59 (8)</td><td>39–53</td><td>6–9, Cmp</td><td>2214 (580), 1269–3102</td></tr><tr><th>UF 278-84903</th><td>49 (13)</td><td>67–82</td><td>7–12, Cmp</td><td>2566 (734), 1974–3948</td></tr><tr><th>UF 278-84873</th><td>44 (6)</td><td>86–103</td><td>to 22, Cmp common</td><td>1875 (500), 1356–2825</td></tr><tr><th>UF 278-84888</th><td>62 (12)</td><td>61–75</td><td>8–11, Cmp common</td><td>2358 (311), 1904–2744</td></tr><tr><th>UF 278-84896</th><td>53 (8)</td><td>87–117</td><td>to 20+, Cmp common</td><td>1967 (815), 705–3666</td></tr><tr><th>Fagus dodgei</th><td>55 (11)</td><td>39–79</td><td>18–20, Cmp</td><td>1560, 740–2690</td></tr><tr><th>Fagus manosii</th><td>52 (11)</td><td>110–130</td><td>to 16, Cmp absent</td><td>1700 (max)</td></tr></tbody></table>

Table 1 in A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA

Table 1. Comparison of fossil Magnoliaceae woods in chronological order. K =Cretaceous, (C)=Campanian, (M)=Maastrichtian, Eo =Eocene, Olig =Oligocene; Mio =Miocene, e =early, m =middle, up =upper; IVP =intervessel pitting, S =scalariform, O =opposite; Bars/PP =number of bars per scalariform perforation plate; Si =simple perforation plates present; HT =helical thickenings in vessel elements; O/M = oil/mucilage cells; Y =present; N =absent; * =small axis, () =not as common. References. 1 =Cevallos-Ferriz and Stockey (1990); 2 = Huang et al. (2020; 3 = Huard (1967); 4 = Iamandei et al. (2011); 5 = Iamandei et al. (2020); 6 = Page (1970); 7 = Prakash et al. (1971); 8 = Sakala et al. (2010); 9 = Srivastava and Suzuki (2001); 10 = Suzuki (1976); 11 = Takahashi and Suzuki (2003); 12 = van der Burgh (1973); 13 = Wheeler et al. (1977); 14 = Wheeler and Manchester (2002).<table><tbody><tr><th>Species</th><th>Age</th><th>IVP</th><th>Bars/PP</th><th>Si</th><th>HT</th><th>OM</th><th>Reference</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon hokkaidoense</th><td>K (C-M)</td><td>S, O</td><td>12–47</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon panochensis</th><td>K (C)</td><td>S, O</td><td>up to 10</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>6</td></tr><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon wetmorei</th><td>e m Eo</td><td>S, (O)</td><td>8–26</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>13</td></tr><tr><th>Liriodendroxylon mutltiporosum</th><td>m Eo</td><td>O</td><td>2–10</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>(Y)</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><th>Liriodendroxylon princetonensis *</th><td>m Eo</td><td>S, O</td><td>8–18</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>1</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolia pageae</th><td>m Eo</td><td>O</td><td>5–20</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon angulata</th><td>m Eo</td><td>S, O</td><td>15–18</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon cutleri</th><td>m Eo</td><td>S, (O)</td><td>8–20</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon longiradiata</th><td>m Eo</td><td>S, (O)</td><td>6–20</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>(Y)</td><td>14</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolia hansnooteboomii sp. nov.</th><td>l Eo</td><td>S</td><td>8–16</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>N</td><td>This paper</td></tr><tr><th>Magnoliaceoxylon palaeogenica</th><td>e Olig</td><td>S</td><td>4–15</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>9</td></tr><tr><th>Michelia oleifera</th><td>Olig</td><td>S, O</td><td>7–15</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>Y</td><td>10</td></tr><tr><th>Liriodendroxylon tulipiferum</th><td>Olig</td><td>O</td><td>~10</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>7, 8</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolia nanningensis</th><td>up Olig</td><td>S, O</td><td>2–11</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>Y</td><td>2</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolioxylon c f. transilvanicum</th><td>m Mio</td><td>S, O</td><td>short</td><td>Y</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolioxylon kräuselli</th><td>m Mio</td><td>(S), O</td><td>10–12</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>5</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolia intermedia</th><td>Mio</td><td>S</td><td>15–20</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>Y</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><th>Magnolioxylon parenchymatosum</th><td>Mio</td><td>S</td><td>3–12</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>N</td><td>12</td></tr></tbody></table>

Figure 20 in A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA

Figure 20. Malpighiaceae?. UF 278-84892. A‒C. Distinct growth ring boundaries, wood diffuse-porous, vessels predominantly in radial multiples, TS. D. Simple perforation plates (PP), ray cells predominantly procumbent. RLS. E. Scalariform perforation plate with 5 bars, RLS. F. Perforation plate with partial bars, RLS. G. Crowded alternate intervessel pitting. RLS. H. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits. RLS? I. Tyloses in vessels, ray cells predominantly procumbent. RLS. J, K. Rays uniseriate and partially biseriate, axial parenchyma strands. TLS. L. Short vessel element, simple perforation plate (PP), rays partially biseriate. TLS. Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, I, J; 50 µm in D, K, L; 20 µm in E‒H.

Figure 18 in A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA

Figure 18. Sapindales. Fagaroxylon sp., UF 278-84907. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood; vessels solitary and in radial multiples, thin-walled fibers, growth ring boundary marked by radially narrow fibers, and axial parenchyma, TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pitting, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) similar to intervessel pits, procumbent ray cells, RLS. E. Multiseriate rays; crystalliferous strand (C); crowded alternate intervessel pitting, vessel element end walls (E), helical thickenings (HT) in narrow vessel elements, TLS. F. Ray composed of procumbent cells; narrow vessel element with simple perforation plate (PP) and helical thickenings (HT), RLS. G. Rays 1‒4-seriate, crystalliferous strands adjacent to rays (C), TLS. H. Marginal axial parenchyma (AP); simple perforation plate (PP), RLS. I. Crystals in fibers, RLS. Scale bars=500 µm in A; 100 µm in B, G, 50 µm in E, F, H, I; 20 µm in C, D.