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5,978 results for “Macrophages”
scRNA-seq data for "Bacteroides fragilis toxin suppresses METTL3-Mediated m6A modification in macrophage to promote inflammatory bowel disease"
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Dataset for "Reprogramming macrophages with R848-loaded artificial protocells to modulate skin and skeletal wound healing"
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FIGURE 10 in Body length estimation of Neogene macrophagous lamniform sharks (Carcharodon and Otodus) derived from associated fossil dentitions
FIGURE 10. Re-calculation of Otodus megalodon body lengths from Pimiento et al. (2010). (A) Re-calculation using the correct equations from Shimada (2002a). (B) Re-calculation using the SCW direct proportions method, showing results based on CH-31-46P and UF- VP-311000 as analogs separately.
FIGURE 11 in Body length estimation of Neogene macrophagous lamniform sharks (Carcharodon and Otodus) derived from associated fossil dentitions
FIGURE 11. Maximum body length estimation of Otodus megalodon. (A) Widest known tooth of O. megalodon (GHC 6), lingual view. The tooth enamel has been repaired inside the red polygon. Scale bar equals 5 cm. (B) Body length calculation for specimen GHC 6, using the associated dentition UF-VP-311000 as an analog and assuming the tooth represents position L1. SCWc = summed crown width corrected and TL = total body length. (C) Illustration depicting the mathematical equation used to solve for body length. Otodus megalodon artwork by Tim Scheirer, used with permission from the Calvert Marine Museum.
FIGURE 7 in Body length estimation of Neogene macrophagous lamniform sharks (Carcharodon and Otodus) derived from associated fossil dentitions
FIGURE 7. Comparison of body length estimates based on SCW direct proportions and Shimada (2002a) CH linear regression. (A–B) Otodus megalodon; (C–D) Otodus chubutensis; and (E–F) Carcharodon spp. (A, C, E) SCW direct proportions. (B, D, F) Shimada (2002a) CH linear regression. U = upper and L = lower.
FIGURE 5 in Body length estimation of Neogene macrophagous lamniform sharks (Carcharodon and Otodus) derived from associated fossil dentitions
FIGURE 5. Associated dentitions of Carcharodon spp. in lingual view. (A) Carcharodon carcharias, GHC 4. (B) Carcharodon hastalis, GHC 5. Scale bars equal 5 cm. See Ehret et al. (2009) for images of the Carcharodon hubbelli dentition, UF-VP-226255.
Xylose utilization promotes Salmonella replication within macrophages and systemic infection in mice
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Data from: Macrophages contribute to the cyclic activation of adult hair follicle stem cells
Skin epithelial stem cells operate within a complex signaling milieu that orchestrates their lifetime regenerative properties. The question of whether and how immune cells impact on these stem cells within their niche is not well understood. Here we show that skin-resident macrophages decrease in number because of apoptosis before the onset of epithelial hair follicle stem cell activation during the murine hair cycle. This process is linked to distinct gene expression, including Wnt transcription. Interestingly, by mimicking this event through the selective induction of macrophage apoptosis in early telogen, we identify a novel involvement of macrophages in stem cell activation in vivo. Importantly, the macrophage-specific pharmacological inhibition of Wnt production delays hair follicle growth. Thus, perifollicular macrophages contribute to the activation of skin epithelial stem cells as a novel, additional cue that regulates their regenerative activity. This finding may have translational implications for skin repair, inflammatory skin diseases and cancer.
Data from: Efferocytosis perpetuates substance accumulation inside macrophage populations
In both cells and animals, cannibalism can transfer harmful substances from the consumed to the consumer. Macrophages are immune cells that consume their own dead via a process called cannibalistic efferocytosis. Macrophages that contain harmful substances are found at sites of chronic inflammation, yet the role of cannibalism in this context remains unexplored. Here we take mathematical and experimental approaches to study the relationship between cannibalistic efferocytosis and substance accumulation in macrophages. Through mathematical modelling, we deduce that substances which transfer between individuals through cannibalism will concentrate inside the population via a coalescence process. This prediction was confirmed for macrophage populations inside a closed system. We used image analysis of whole slide photomicrographs to measure both latex microbead and neutral lipid accumulation inside murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (104-105 cells) following their stimulation into an inflammatory state ex vivo. While the total number of phagocytosed beads remained constant, cell death reduced cell numbers and efferocytosis concentrated the beads among the surviving macrophages. % from small to large numbers per cell. Since lipids are also conserved during efferocytosis, these cells accumulated lipid derived from the membranes of dead and consumed macrophages (becoming macrophage foam cells). Consequently, enhanced macrophage cell death increased the rate and extent foam cell formation. Our results demonstrate that cannibalistic efferocytosis perpetuates exogenous (e.g. beads) and endogenous (e.g. lipids) substance accumulation inside macrophage populations. As such, cannibalism has similar detrimental consequences in both cells and animals.
Data from: Akt-mTORC1 signaling regulates Acly to integrate metabolic input to control of macrophage activation
Macrophage activation/polarization to distinct functional states is critically supported by metabolic shifts. How polarizing signals coordinate metabolic and functional reprogramming, and the potential implications for control of macrophage activation, remains poorly understood. Here we show that IL-4 signaling co-opts the Akt-mTORC1 pathway to regulate Acly, a key enzyme in Ac-CoA synthesis, leading to increased histone acetylation and M2 gene induction. Only a subset of M2 genes is controlled in this way, including those regulating cellular proliferation and chemokine production. Moreover, metabolic signals impinge on the Akt-mTORC1 axis for such control of M2 activation. We propose that Akt-mTORC1 signaling calibrates metabolic state to energetically demanding aspects of M2 activation, which may define a new role for metabolism in supporting macrophage activation.
Data from: Identification and validation of a novel immune-related signature associated with macrophages and CD8 T cell infiltration predicting overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma
<p><b>Background:</b> Although the effects of macrophages and CD8 T cell infiltration on clinical outcomes have been widely reported, the association between immunity-associated gene with them for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods: </b>The ssGSEA served for quantifying the macrophages as well as CD8 T cell infiltration in the HCC samples obtained from TCGA database. Kaplan-Meier(KM) survival assay was used to determine the associations between macrophages and CD8 T cell infiltration with OS. LASSO Cox regressive method assisted in developing an immune gene signature as well as building a risk score. The performance was evaluated by the time-dependent ROC together with the KM survival analysis. The ICGC database were adopted for external verification. CIBERSORT was applied to the correlation analysis on the immune-related signature and the immunocyte infiltration. GSEA were employed exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Increased CD8+ T cell infiltration was associated with longer OS, whereas a greater infiltration of macrophages was related to shorter OS. There were 398 differential expression genes (DEGs) between the high- and low infiltration groups with the "edgeR" package. A prognostic signature consisted of 10 immune genes was built in TCGA and examined in ICGC. The uniform cutoff (0.927) was adopted for separating sufferers into the high-risk(HR) and low-risk(LR) groups. The ROC curves revealed that the AUC data for this signature predicting 1,2,3,4 and 5 year were all above 0.7 in both TCGA and ICGC cohort and patients in the HR<sub> </sub>group exhibited evidently weaker prognostic results compared with the LR group. The HR<sub> </sub>group presented evidently greater Tregs and Macrophage M0 relative to the LR group, whereas the LR group saw the enrichment of CD8 T cells.</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> The immune signature associated with macrophages as well as CD8 T cell infiltration has reliable prognostic and predictive value for HCC patients.</p>
Fig. 2. Key 2D NMR correlations for 1–6 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro
Fig. 2. Key 2D NMR correlations for 1–6.
Fig. 1 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro
Fig. 1. Chemical structures of 1–6.
Fig. 5. X in Guaianolides from Artemisia codonocephala suppress interleukine-1β secretion in macrophages
Fig. 5. X-ray ORTEP drawings of 4‒5.
Fig. 6. X in Guaianolides from Artemisia codonocephala suppress interleukine-1β secretion in macrophages
Fig. 6. X-ray ORTEP drawings of 6‒7.
Fig. 4. 1H–1H in Guaianolides from Artemisia codonocephala suppress interleukine-1β secretion in macrophages
Fig. 4. 1H–1H COSY, key HMBC and NOESY correlations of compounds 4 and 7.
Fig. 2. 1H–1H in Guaianolides from Artemisia codonocephala suppress interleukine-1β secretion in macrophages
Fig. 2. 1H–1H COSY, key HMBC and NOESY correlations of compounds 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 in Guaianolides from Artemisia codonocephala suppress interleukine-1β secretion in macrophages
Fig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–13 isolated from A. codonocephala.
Fig. 3. X in Guaianolides from Artemisia codonocephala suppress interleukine-1β secretion in macrophages
Fig. 3. X-ray ORTEP drawings of 1 and 2.
Fig. 3 in Sesquiterpene derivatives from the agarwood of Aquilaria malaccensis and their anti-inflammatory effects on NO production of macrophage RAW 264.7 cells
Fig. 3. Selected NOESY correlations of compounds 1–9.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.