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Fig. 1 in Mollusc biodiversity in late Holocene nearshore environments of the Caspian Sea: A baseline for the current biodiversity crisis

Fig. 1. Geographic context of study site. (a) Map of the Caspian Sea. Source bathymetry: Kostianoy et al. (2005): Fig. 1 (p. 7). (b) Location of the outcrops treated in this paper. Tu1-Tu5 represent outcrops Turali 1-5. Brown ridges are Holocene Novocaspian beach barriers (see Kroonenberg et al., 2007). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

FIG. 12 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 12. — Cladogram of Simone (2011) with insertion of the three species of Microlinices n. gen., studied anatomically herein. Below the summary cladogram of that paper, with each node named and numbered. Upper panel shows a detail of the portion of the cladogram focusing the species studied here, with nodes sequentially numbered (in parenthesis the original node in Simone 2011: fig. 20).

FIG. 10 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 10. — Shells and operculum of MD55 naticid species; A, B, Natica juani Costa & Pastorino, 2012, shell MNNH (sta. DC82): A, dorsal view; B, apertural view; C, D, collected isolated operculum of a Natica ss; C, outer view; D, inner view; E-K, Eunaticina abyssalis n. sp. holotype: E, frontal view; F, dorsal view; G, apical view; H, umbilical view; I, detail of apex; J, protoconch, apical view; K, detail of superficial sculpture in middle level of body whorl. Measurements: A, B, W 3.0 mm; C, D, 14.4 × 8.3 mm; E-H, W 26.6 mm; I, K, 1.0 mm; J, 1.6 mm.

FIG. 8 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 8. — Shells of MD55 naticid species: A-B, Microlinices ombratus n. gen., n. sp. shell of holotype: A, frontal view; B, dorsal view; C-G, Microlinices apiculus n. gen., n. sp.: C-F, holotype: C, apertural view; D, dorsal view; E, right view; F, apical view; G, paratype MZSP 105146; H-K, Microlinices gaiophanis n. gen., n. sp., holotype MNHN: H, apertural view; I, dorsal view; J, right view; K, apical view. Measurements: A, B, W 3.2 mm; C-F, W 5.3 mm; G, W 4.4 mm; H-K, W 5.2 mm.

FIG. 11 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 11. — Radulae in SEM: A, B, Microlinices benthovus n. gen., n. sp.; C, radula of other specimen; D, M. latiusculus n. gen., n. sp.; E, same of other specimen; F, G, Microlinices ibitingus n. gen., n. sp. Scale bars: A, C, D, F, G, 20 µm; B, 50 µm; E, 10 µm.

FIG. 7. — Microlinices benthovus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 7. — Microlinices benthovus n. gen., n. sp., anatomy:A, B, head-foot, frontal view:A, female; B, male; C, pallial cavity hoof, female, transverse section in middle level of osphradium; D, penis, ventral view, some adjacent structures also shown; E, pallial cavity roof and visceral mass, ventral view, digestive gland portion ventral to stomach and ventral region of pericardium removed; F, foregut, left view; G, odontophore, dorsal view, superficial layer of muscles and membranes removed, both odontophore cartilages deflected, radular sac only partially shown; H, nerve ring, ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 3. — Microlinices latiusculus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 3. — Microlinices latiusculus n. gen., n. sp. anatomy: A-C, odontophore: A, dorsal view, oral tube and some superficial muscles removed; B, ventral view; C, dorsal view, superficial layer of muscles and membranes removed, both odontophore cartilages deflected; D, head, male, ventral view, foot removed; E, nerve ring, ventral view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 2. — Microlinices latiusculus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 2. — Microlinices latiusculus n. gen., n. sp. anatomy; A-C, head-foot, male: A, frontal view; B, dorso-posterior view; C, ventral view (foot sole); D, pallial cavity roof and last whorl of visceral mass, ventral view, digestive gland portion ventral to stomach and ventral region of pericardium removed; E, foregut, left view, transverse section of indicated region of esophageal gland shown; F, head and haemocoel, ventral view, foot removed; G, H, buccal mass, right view, odontophore partially deflected. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 4. — Microlinices ibitingus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 4. — Microlinices ibitingus n. gen., n. sp., shell holotype: A, frontal view; B, right view; C, dorsal view; D, umbilical-slightly apertural view; E, apical view; F, detail of apex; G, operculum of specimen (sta. CB93), outer view. Measurements: A-F, W 10.1 mm; G, L 2.9 mm.

FIG. 6. — Microlinices benthovus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 6. — Microlinices benthovus n. gen., n. sp.: A-F, holotype: A, apertural view; B, right view; C, dorsal view; D, umbilical-slightly apertural view; E, apical view; F, detail of apex; G, H, operculum of paratype MNHN, 1 ♀: G, outer view; H, inner view; I, paratype MNHN, 1 ♀, apertural view, specimen still inside; J, paratype MZSP 105270, apertural view. Measurements: A-F, W 3.8 mm; G, H, 3.2 × 2.2 mm; I, W 4.8 mm; J, W 3.4 mm.

FIG. 5. — Microlinices ibitingus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 5. — Microlinices ibitingus n. gen., n. sp., anatomy: A, pallial cavity roof, ventral view; B, same structure, transverse section on middle level of osphradium; C, head and haemocoel, ventral view, foot removed; D, nerve ring, ventral view; E, foregut as in situ, right-slightly ventral view, topology of nerve ring also shown; F, same structure, most structures uncoiled, right view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIG. 9 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 9. — Shells of MD55 naticid species: A-E, Natica jukyriuva n. sp., shell holotype: A, apertural view; B, right view; C, dorsal view; D, apical view; E, detail of apex; F-I, Natica pipoca n. sp., shell, holotype: F, apertural view; G, dorsal view; H, apical view; I, operculum, outer view. Measurements: A-D, W 9.2 mm; E, side, 2.5 mm; F-H, W 2.1 mm; I, 1.4 × 0.9 mm.

FIG. 1. — Microlinices latiusculus n. gen., n in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 1. — Microlinices latiusculus n. gen., n. sp.: A-D, holotype MNHN; A, apertural-slightly umbilical view; B, dorsal view; C, apical view; D, umbilical view; E, paratype MNHN (sta. 104), apertural view; F-H, another more globose specimen (sta. 104): F, apertural view; G, operculum, outer view; H, inner view; I, statocyst in SEM; J, K, radula in SEM extracted from dry specimen. Measurements: A-D, W 4.1 mm; E, W 4.3 mm; F, W 3.7 mm; G, H, W 2.5 mm; I, W 0.1 mm. Scale bars: J, 20 µm; K, 10 µm.

FIG. 13 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected during the Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) off SE Brazil: the Naticidae (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 13. — Cladogram of Simone (2011) focusing on the region where the three species studied anatomically here are nested. The remaining cladogram is identical to Simone (2011: fig 20) and, therefore, it is not shown. The numbers of the nodes, characters, states and symbols are as in that paper; above numbers in symbols are characters, numbers below are states. Steps 3101, consistency index 51; retention index 94. Symbols: ¢, non-homoplastic synapomorphy; £, reversions; , convergences.

FIG. 10 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected in Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) to SE Brazil: Xenophoridae, Cypraeoidea, mitriforms and Terebridae (Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 10. — Terebrids: A, Terebra assu Simone n. sp, holotype MNHN 25244, frontal view (L 9.8 mm); B, paratype MZSP 102598, profile view (L 8.3 mm); C, holotype, detail of last whorl, frontal view; D, E, first whorls in two opposite views; F, T. alagoensis Lima, Tenório & Barros, 2007, MNHN (stn CB92), frontal view (L 4.9 mm); G, MZSP 102607 (1), frontal view (L 4.1 mm); H, I, protoconch of Figure F in two opposed views.

FIG. 11 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected in Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) to SE Brazil: Xenophoridae, Cypraeoidea, mitriforms and Terebridae (Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 11. — Terebrids: A, Terebra alagoensis Lima, Tenório & Barros, 2007, holotype MZSP 84238 (L 10.5 mm), frontal view; B, C, details of apical region in two opposite views; D, detail of last whorl, frontal-slightly profile view; E, Terebra doellojuradoi, holotype MACN 23439, frontal view (L 10.2 mm); F, same, detail of protoconch and first whorls; G, same, profile view; H, paratype MACN 24278, frontal-slightly profile view (L 8.5 mm); I, T. leptapsis, holotype MZSP 28704, frontal view (L 16.0 mm); J, detail of protoconch in SEM; K, dorsal view; L, T. crassireticula, holotype MZSP 27930 (L 22.0 mm).

FIG. 9 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected in Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) to SE Brazil: Xenophoridae, Cypraeoidea, mitriforms and Terebridae (Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 9. — Mitromorpha spp.: A, Mitromorpha sama n. sp., holotype MNHN 25224, apertural view (L 6.6 mm); B, same, dorsal view; C, paratype MZSP 102973, apertural view (L 5.6 mm); D, same, right view; E, same, detail of apical region in profile; F, same, detail of aperture; G, Mitromorpha mirim n. sp., holotype MNHN 25227, apertural view (L 3.7 mm); H, same, dorsal view; I, paratype MZSP 102683, apertural view (L 3.7 mm); J, same, dorsal view; K, holotype, detail of apical region in profile; L, confrontation between specimens of Figure C and G at the same scale.

FIG. 8 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected in Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) to SE Brazil: Xenophoridae, Cypraeoidea, mitriforms and Terebridae (Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 8. — Mitrids: A, Subcancilla joapyra n. sp., holotype MNHN 25241, apertural view (L 23.3 mm); B, same, dorsal view; C, paratype MNHN 25242, apertural view (L 24.2 mm); D, same, detail of sculpture in penultimate whorl; E, Subcancilla cf. straminea (Adams, 1853), MNHN (stn DC73), apertural view (L 14.7 mm); F, same, dorsal view; G, same, detail of inner lip, apertural-slightly right view; H, same, detail of sculpture in penultimate whorl.

FIG. 7 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected in Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) to SE Brazil: Xenophoridae, Cypraeoidea, mitriforms and Terebridae (Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 7. — Costellariid and volutomitrid: A, Austromitra decresca n. sp., holotype MNHN 25239, apertural view (L 5.6 mm); B, same, dorsal view; C, same, detail of inner lip, apertural-slightly right view; D, paratype MZSP 102687, apertural view (L 5.8 mm); E, Microvoluta corona n. sp., holotype, MNHN 25243, apertural view (L 5.5 mm); F, same, dorsal view; G, same, details of aperture, apertural-slightly right view.

FIG. 5 in Taxonomic study on the molluscs collected in Marion-Dufresne expedition (MD55) to SE Brazil: Xenophoridae, Cypraeoidea, mitriforms and Terebridae (Caenogastropoda)

FIG. 5. — Costellariids: A, Turricostellaria amphissa n. sp., holotype MNHN 25230, apertural view (L 4.6 mm); B, paratype MNHN 25231 (1), detail of apex, apertural view; C, same, dorsal view; D, paratype MZSP 102691 (1), apertural view (L 3.8 mm); E, Vexillum sp., MNHN (stn DC73), apertural view; F, dorsal view (L 8.4 mm); G, Turricostellaria jukyry n. sp., holotype MNHN 25232, dorsal view (L 12.3 mm); H, same, apertural view; I, same, detail of apical region in profile; J, same, detail of aperture, apertural-slightly right view; K, paratype MZSP 102858,apertural view (L 7.8 mm); L, Turricostellaria apyrahi n. sp., paratype MNHN 25238, apertural view (L 17.9 mm); M, same, dorsal view; N, same, detail of apex in profile; O, paratype MZSP 102862, apertural view (L 15.9 mm); P, holotype MNHN 25234, detail of inner lip, apertural-slightly right view; Q, same, apertural view (L 23.7 mm); R, same, right view. Scale bar: C, 0.5 mm.