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490 results for “Propagation”
Figure 1 from: Pericleous C, Eliades N-GH (2020) An approach for the mass propagation of Cupressus sempervirens L. (Cupressaceae), for quality propagule production. Research Ideas and Outcomes 6: e52947. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.6.e52947
Figure 1 Effectiveness of shoots rooting according to the sampled part from each shoot (basal, middle and terminal cutting).
Supplementary material 2 from: Pericleous C, Eliades N-GH (2020) An approach for the mass propagation of Cupressus sempervirens L. (Cupressaceae), for quality propagule production. Research Ideas and Outcomes 6: e52947. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.6.e52947
Results of T-test between independent samples of rooting shoots in bench and root trainers.
Influence of a magnetic narrow region on the propagation of Type II spicules into the solar corona
<p>In this paper, we study the possible influence of a magnetic narrow region on the propagation of jets with some characteristics of Type II spicules into the solar corona using two approximations: thermo-mechanical (TM) and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD). We motivate the idea of this paper by considering that some advanced 2.5D numerical simulations of radiation MHD of the formation of Type II spicules show the narrowing of the magnetic field lines in the loops where the spicules propagate. In particular, we propose that the magnetic narrow region be described in terms of a magnetic bottle configuration. In the TM approximation, we have found that the magnetic bottle produces that the 9% of the plasma embedded manages to escape the magnetic confinement, in contrast, the remaining 91% returns to the bottom of configuration colliding to the raising plasma and generating a heating process. The heating process could represent a source that maintains the current temperature of the corona. On the other hand, in the MHD approximation, through numerical simulations, we found that it occurs an increase of temperature mainly at the top of the jet, which supports the idea of sectioning the spicule in the TM approximation. Also, in the MHD approximation, we show that the magnetic bottle does not directly affect the propagation of the jet; since the physical conditions of the ideal MHD equations imply that the magnetic field lines are frozen-in with the plasma, and no confinement effect is possible.</p>
Dependence of Skull Surface Wave Propagation on Coupling Methods under Bone Conduction: Support material
<p><strong>Objectives:</strong> This study is aimed at the quantitative investigation of skull bone surface wave propagation dependence on different coupling methods of the bone conduction hearing aid (BCHA). <strong>Design:</strong> Experiments were conducted on five Thiel embalmed whole head cadaver specimens. The electromagnetic actuators from a commercial BCHA (Baha® Cordelle and Power) were used to provide stepped sine stimulus in the range of 0.1-10 kHz. Osseous pathways were sequentially activated by a BCHA mounted on a 5-Newton steel headband on Mastoid, on a percutaneously implanted screw (Baha® Connect), and transcutaneously with a Baha® Attract at bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) location. Surface motion was quantified by sequentially measuring ~200 points on the skull surface via a three-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometer (3D LDV) system. <strong>Results:</strong> The stimulation area undergoes deformations at a lower frequency range than the whole head does (less than 500Hz versus more than 1 kHz). Stiffer coupling (Connect versus Headband) appears to lead to earlier onset and faster transition, with frequency, to local deformations and wave motion. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> For stimulation with the headband at the mastoid, the sound wave travelling across the head does not exactly origin from the site of stimulation. Potentially, because the skull vibration is influenced by the dynamic mechanical properties of skull plates.</p>
Data from: Evolution of mutation rates in hypermutable populations of Escherichia coli propagated at very small effective population size
Mutation is the ultimate source of the genetic variation—including variation for mutation rate itself—that fuels evolution. Natural selection can raise or lower the genomic mutation rate of a population by changing the frequencies of mutation rate modifier alleles associated with beneficial and deleterious mutations. Existing theory and observations suggest that where selection is minimized, rapid systematic evolution of mutation rate either up or down is unlikely. Here, we report systematic evolution of higher and lower mutation rates in replicate hypermutable Escherichia coli populations experimentally propagated at very small effective size—a circumstance under which selection is greatly reduced. Several populations went extinct during this experiment, and these populations tended to evolve elevated mutation rates. In contrast, populations that survived to the end of the experiment tended to evolve decreased mutation rates. We discuss the relevance of our results to current ideas about the evolution, maintenance and consequences of high mutation rates.
Data from: Fragility of foot process morphology in kidney podocytes arises from chaotic spatial propagation of cytoskeletal instability
The kidney podocyte's function depends on finger-like projections (foot processes) that interdigitate with those from neighboring cells to form the glomerular filtration barrier. The integrity of the barrier depends on spatial control of dynamics of actin cytoskeleton in the foot processes. We determined how imbalances in regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics can result in pathological morphology. We obtained 3-D electron microscopy images of podocytes and used quantitative features to build dynamical models to investigate how regulation of actin dynamics within foot processes controls local morphology. We find that imbalances in regulation of actin bundling, lead to chaotic spatial patterns that could impair the foot process morphology. Simulation results are consistent with experimental observations for cytoskeletal reconfiguration by dysregulated RhoA or Rac1, and they predict compensatory mechanisms for biochemical stability. We conclude that podocyte morphology, optimized for filtration, is intrinsically fragile, whereby local transient biochemical imbalances may lead to permanent morphological changes associated with pathophysiology.
The origin and genetic variability of vegetatively propagated clones identified from old planted trees and plantations of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan
<p class="Keywords"><span><a name="_Hlk10084612">Clonal plantations of <i>Thujopsis dolabrata</i> var. <i>hondae </i>have been established in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, since at least the 1800s. Historical planting of the species has led to the development of vegetatively propagated local cultivars, which originated from 'donor' trees that have often been conserved in sacred groves or avenues at shrines and temples. These donor trees must have been selected from natural populations. In this study we estimated the origin and genetic variability of clones identified among old planted trees and clonal plantations of<i> T. dolabrata </i>var. <i>hondae</i>, using 19 microsatellite markers. We discovered 12 clones among old planted trees, including five identical to members of a set of 14 we previously identified in plantations (giving 21 clones in total). Based on analyses combining assignment and exclusion tests, we inferred origins of eight of those 21 clones: six may have originated from a natural population distributed in Ishikawa, one from Hokkaido & Aomori, and the other from Iwate & Yamagata, suggesting the clones constituting cultivars have multiple origins. The clones identified in plantations have significantly lower genetic variability, and higher relatedness, indicating that clones of cultivars have a much narrower genetic base than those of natural populations. We suggest new clones selected from natural populations</a> elsewhere, as well as Ishikawa, are needed for future breeding of <i>T. dolabrata</i> var. <i>hondae</i> to develop clonal forestry for this species.</span></p>
Data from: Using sensitivity analysis to identify key factors for the propagation of a plant epidemic
Identifying the key factors underlying the spread of a disease is an essential but challenging prerequisite to design management strategies. To tackle this issue, we propose an approach based on sensitivity analyses of a spatiotemporal stochastic model simulating the spread of a plant epidemic. This work is motivated by the spread of sharka, caused by Plum pox virus, in a real landscape. We first carried out a broad-range sensitivity analysis, ignoring any prior information on six epidemiological parameters, to assess their intrinsic influence on model behaviour. A second analysis benefited from the available knowledge on sharka epidemiology and was thus restricted to more realistic values. The broad-range analysis revealed that the mean duration of the latent period is the most influential parameter of the model, whereas the sharka-specific analysis uncovered the strong impact of the connectivity of the first infected orchard. In addition to demonstrating the interest of sensitivity analyses for a stochastic model, this study highlights the impact of variation ranges of target parameters on the outcome of a sensitivity analysis. With regard to sharka management, our results suggest that sharka surveillance may benefit from paying closer attention to highly-connected patches whose infection could trigger serious epidemics.
Enhancing Luminescent Solar Concentrator Efficiency via Lossless Propagation Pathways
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The propagation paths of GPS radio signals over the tropical ocean from 16–18 January 2022
<p>This dataset is the propagation paths of RO radio signals over the tropical ocean from 16–18 January 2022, simulated using the 2D non-local observation operator. The ray integration uses a variable step size of 2 km or smaller. The vertical interval is 100 m. The data format is HDF5. Variables include the 2D simulation bending angle, the COSMIC-2 retrieval bending angle, geometric height, impact heights, the vertical gradient of refractivity, latitude, longitude, and observation time of the RO profile.</p>
Visualization of simulation domain and wave propagation
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Biologically plausible information propagation in a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor integrate-and-fire artificial neuron circuit with memristive synapses
<p>This is the repository containing the datasets relative to the publication: <em>L. Benatti, T. Zanotti, D. Gandolfi, J. Mapelli, and F. M. Puglisi, “Biologically plausible information propagation in a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor integrate-and-fire artificial neuron circuit with memristive synapses,” Nano Futures, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 025003, May 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/accf53">10.1088/2399-1984/accf53</a>.</em></p> <p>In this folder, you will find MATLAB workspaces containing:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Sni:</strong> Tables with stimuli values (binary and decimal), noise, and surprise, divided by synapse conductance values.</li> <li><strong>MI_vs_G:</strong> Vectors containing simulated values of mutual information (MI), noise, and entropy associated with synapse conductance values, as shown in Figure 5.</li> <li><strong>SpS_vs_rank:</strong> Traces of surprise per spike (SpS) related to synapse conductance values, ordered by stimulus rank. <br> This includes the tracking of stimuli associated with lower/higher SpS as synapse conductance varies, as illustrated in Figure 6b.</li> </ul>
Data from: Assessing Electrogenetic Activation via a Network Model of Biological Signal Propagation
<p>Simulation data from Assessing Electrogenetic Activation via a Network Model of Biological Signal Propagation, doi: 10.3389/fsysb.2024.1291293</p> <p>There are 10 csv files per network type, each dataset contains the Timestep, Node, Strain, Inducer Concentration/Duration, and Node weights for the timecourse of the simulation. </p>
Propagation mapping
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The Ripple Effect of Vulnerabilities in Maven Central: Prevalence, Propagation, and Mitigation Challenges
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Refractivity inversions from point-to-point X-Band radar propagation measurements
<p>Dynamic refractive environments within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) pose difficulties in the prediction of super high frequency (SHF), specifically X-band, radar wave propagation due to natural phenomena such as evaporation ducts (ED). This study utilizes a unique dataset collected during the CASPER-East field campaign, including multiple refractivity estimation methods and twelve point-to-point (PTP) electromagnetic datasets, to assess the efficacy of PTP inversion techniques for remote sensing of atmospheric refractivity within the MABL. Comparison of refractivity between the inverse and other refractivity methods show reasonable evaporation duct height estimates by the inversion, and inverse-based propagation predictions are also shown to be more accurate than propagation based on other refractivity prediction methods – numerical weather prediction, theory, and <i>in-situ</i> atmospheric measurements. These results propose the effectiveness of a PTP metaheuristic radar inversion to remotely sense refractive environments from radar propagation measurements in stable and unstable atmospheric conditions.</p>
Meridional propagation of carbon dioxide (CO2) growth rate and flux anomalies from the tropics due to ENSO
<p>El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influence on carbon dioxide (CO2) growth rates are not spatially uniform or simultaneous around the globe. Using atmospheric CO2 observations and atmospheric chemistry-transport model (ACTM), we show that the anomalies in CO2 fluxes and growth rate originate in the tropics, as an effect of ENSO. The CO2 anomalies are then propagated from the equator toward the poles with asymmetric delays. A maximum delay of about 8 and 4 months are found at the northern hemisphere (NH) and southern hemisphere (SH) high latitudes, respectively. This asymmetric time delay is because the CO2 flux anomaly mainly originate in the tropical SH land and transport of SH air into the NH is slower than that for NH air into the SH. The poleward increase of time delay is more homogeneous in the upper troposphere, as per the ACTM simulations, but observational evidence suffers from gaps in <br> long-term measurements.</p>
Supporting information for " Modeling Injection-Induced Fracture Propagation in Crystalline Rocks by a Fluid-Solid Coupling Grain-Based Model "
<p>This Excel files contain the experimental and simulation data for " Modeling Injection-Induced Fracture Propagation in Crystalline Rocks by a Fluid-Solid Coupling Grain-Based Model " (JGR: Solid Earth). The paper is authored by Song Wang, Jian Zhou, Luqing Zhang, Thomas Nagel, Zhenhua Han, and Yanlong Kong.</p>
Data from: Innovative sandbag propagation method for giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl.)
[No abstract entered]
Impact of surface and sediment boundary conditions on acoustic-gravity waves propagation in a compressible free-surface oceanic wave guide
<p>Source code for the analytical development and numerical solving.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.