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398 results for “Solomon”
FIGURES 39–40. 39 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURES 39–40. 39. Anax insulanus, male, Paratype K.646376, lateral/dorsal: (a) habitus; (b) head; (c) S2–3. 40. Anax guttatus, male (K.646378), from New Georgia, lateral/dorsal: (a) habitus; (b) head; (c) S2–S3.
FIGURES 41–42. 41 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURES 41–42. 41. Anax insulanus, female, Paratype K.646377, lateral/dorsal: (a) habitus; (b) head; (c) S2–3; (d) terminalia. 42. Anax guttatus, female, from Australia, lateral/dorsal: (a) habitus; (b) head; (c) S2–3; (d) terminalia.
FIGURE 52a in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURE 52a. Terms used in the descriptions and Key, presented on Anax gibbosulus, male terminalia, dorsal and lateral (modified from Lieftinck 1942): als = apico-lateral spike; bit = basal interior tooth; C = cercus; E = epiproct; S10 = abdominal segment 10; t = tubercles.
FIGURE 46 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURE 46. Surrounding garden landscape ~400 m above sea level—Anax insulanus sp. nov. habitat, Honiara S environs, ~2 km SE from Barana vill., Davigori, Guadalcanal Island.
FIGURES 32–35 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURES 32–35. Anax spp., male: (32–33): A. insulanus: (32) antefrons, frontal; (33) basal interior tooth of cerci, lateral; (34–35) A. tonga: (34) antefrons, frontal; (35) basal interior tooth of cerci, lateral.
FIGURE 13–17 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURE 13–17. Similarities: Anax spp., male terminalia, dorsal: (13) A. guttatus; (14) A. insulanus; (15) A. tonga; (16) A. maclachlani; (17) A. gibbosulus.
FIGURES 37–38. 37 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURES 37–38. 37. Anax insulanus, male, holotype, dorsal: (a) habitus; (b) head; (c) S2–3; (d) terminalia, dorsal. 38. Anax guttatus, male, from Australia, dorsal: (a) habitus; (b) head; (c) S2–3; (d) terminalia.
FIGURES 7–12 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURES 7–12. Anax spp., male terminalia, dorsal: (7) A. papuensis (from Martin 1909); (8) A. georgius (from Martin 1909); (9) A. gibbosulus; (10) A. maclachlani (from Lieftinck 1942); (11) A. pugnax (from Lieftinck 1942); (12) A. selysi (from Lieftinck 1942).
FIGURE 56 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURE 56. Distribution of Anax spp. within Australian-Oceanian area (blue: general distribution based on Table 1; red: material used in the present study).
FIGURES 1–6 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
FIGURES 1–6. Anax spp., male terminalia, dorsal: (1) Anax sp. Q; (2) A. fumosus celebense; (3) A. fumosus (from Orr & Kalkman 2015); (4) A. panybeus; (5) A. piraticus (from Kennedy 1934); (6) A. strenuus (from Martin 1909).
FIGURE 3-1 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 3-1. Diochus loebli sp. nov.: A. forebody, dorsal view; B. antenna; C. proleg; D. mandible; E. female sternite VIII; F. female sternite IX–X; G. spermatheca. (Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–G = 0.1 mm).
FIGURE 5. Diochus papuanus Cameron, 1939 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 5. Diochus papuanus Cameron, 1939: A. forebody, dorsal view; B. antenna; C. male sternite VIII; D. male tergite VIII; E. male sternite IX; F. male tergites IX–X; G. aedeagus, dorsal view; H. labels. (Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–G = 0.1 mm).
FIGURE 2-2 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 2-2. Diochus elongatus sp. nov.: A. aedeagus, dorsal view; B. male sternite VIII; C. male tergite VIII; D. male tergites IX–X; E. male sternite IX; F. female sternite VIII; G. female sternite X; H. female sternite IX; I. spermatheca.(Scale bars: A = 0.05 mm, B–I = 0.1 mm).
FIGURE 4-1 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 4-1. Diochus chambrieri sp. nov.: holotype: A. forebody, dorsal view; B. antenna; C. proleg; D. mandible; E. male sternite VIII; F. male tergite VIII; G. male sternite IX; H. male tergites IX–X; I. aedeagus, dorsal view; J. aedeagus, ventral view; paratypes: K. aedeagus, ventral view; L. male sternite VIII. (Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–L= 0.1 mm).
FIGURE 4-2 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 4-2. Diochus chambrieri sp. nov.: A. aedeagus, dorsal view; B. male sternite VIII; C. male tergite VIII; D. male tergites IX–X; E. male sternite IX; F. female sternite VIII; G. female sternite X; H. female sternite IX; I. spermatheca.(Scale bars: A = 0.05 mm, B–I = 0.1 mm).
FIGURE 2-1 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 2-1. Diochus elongatus sp. nov.: holotype: A. forebody, dorsal view; B. antenna; C. proleg; D. mandible; E. male sternite VIII; F. male tergite VIII; G. male sternite IX; H. male tergites IX–X; I. aedeagus, dorsal view; J. aedeagus, ventral view; paratypes: K. aedeagus, ventral view; L–M. male sternite VIII. (Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–M = 0.1 mm).
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 1. Habitus of four species from Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands in dorsal view: A. Diochus elongatus sp. nov.; B. D. chambrieri sp. nov.; C. D. papuanus Cameron, 1939, D. D. loebli sp. nov. (Scale bar: 0.5 mm).
FIGURE 3-2 in Taxonomy of the genus Diochus Erichson (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Staphylininae, Diochini) of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands
FIGURE 3-2. Diochus loebli sp. nov.: A. female sternite VIII; B. female sternite X; C. female sternite IX; D. spermatheca. (Scale bars: 0.1 mm).
TABLE 1 in Two new species of Anax Leach, 1815 from the Solomon Islands and Tonga (Odonata: Aeshnidae)
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> Overview of Australian-Oceanian <i>Anax</i> species including the two species described as new with distributional details mostly from Tsuda (2000) and Dow <i>et al.</i> (2024).</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Species + bibliographic reference</th><th>Known distribution</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>A. strenuus</i> Hagen, 1867, p. 34</th><td>Hawaii</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. fumosus celebense</i> Lieftinck, 1942, p. 595</th><td>Indonesia, Sulawesi</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. fumosus fumosus</i> Hagen, 1867, p. 42</th><td>Indonesia, Halmahera, Buru, Seram, Moluccas, Papua New Guinea</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. georgius</i> Selys, 1872, p. 179</th><td>Northern Australia, Timor and East Timor</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. gibbosulus</i> Rambur, 1842, p. 187</th><td>Australia, Indonesia, Sulawesi, Lombok, Timor New Caledonia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Samoa</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. guttatus</i> (Burmeister, 1839), p. 840</th><td>widely distributed from India to the Pacific, from China to north east Australia and Solomon Islands</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. insulanus</i> <b>spec. nov.</b></th><td>Solomon Islands</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. maclachlani</i> Förster, 1898, p. 290</th><td>Papua New Guinea</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. panybeus</i> Hagen, 1867, p. 42</th><td>Indonesia, Singapore, Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak, Sabah, Labuan, Brunei, Kalimantan, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Moluccas, Sulawesi, Japan, Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. papuensis</i> (Burmeister, 1839), p. 841</th><td>Australia, Java, Sumba New Caledonia?, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. piraticus</i> Kennedy, 1934, p. 346</th><td>Guam, Northern Mariana Islands</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. pugnax</i> Lieftinck, 1942, p. 605</th><td>Papua New Guinea</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. selysi</i> Förster, 1900, p. 88</th><td>Papua New Guinea</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. tonga</i> <b>spec. nov.</b></th><td>Tonga</td></tr></tbody></table>
Comparison of adult census size and effective population size support the need for continued protection of two Solomon Island endemics
<p>Because a population's ability to respond to rapid change is dictated by standing genetic variation, we can better predict a population's long-term viability by estimating and then comparing adult census size (<em>N</em>) and effective population size (<em>N<sub>e</sub></em>). However, most studies only measure <em>N</em> or <em>N<sub>e</sub></em>, which can be misleading. Using a combination of field and genomic sequence data, we here estimate and compare <em>N</em> and <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> in two range-restricted endemics of the Solomon Islands. Two <em>Zosterops</em> White-eye species inhabit the small island of Kolombangara, with a high elevation species endemic to the island (<em>Z. murphyi</em>) and a low elevation species endemic to the Solomon Islands (<em>Z. kulambangrae</em>). Field observations reveal large values of <em>N </em>for both species with <em>Z. kulambangrae</em> numbering at 114,781 ± 32,233 adults, and <em>Z. murphyi</em> numbering at 64,412 ± 15,324 adults. In contrast, genomic analyses reveal that <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> was much lower than <em>N</em>, with <em>Z. kulambangrae</em> estimated at 694.5 and <em>Z. murphyi</em> at 796.1 individuals. Further, positive Tajima's D values for both species suggest that they have experienced a demographic contraction, providing a mechanism for low values of <em>N<sub>e</sub></em>. Comparison of <em>N </em>and <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> suggests that <em>Z. kulambangrae</em> and <em>Z. murphyi</em> are not at immediate threat of extinction but may be at genetic risk. Our results provide important baseline data for long-term monitoring of these island endemics, and argue for measuring both population size estimates to better gauge long-term population viability.</p>
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