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Fig. 6 in Plasticity in the shape and growth pattern of asteriscus otolith of black prochilodus Prochilodus nigricans (Teleostei: Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) freshwater Neotropical migratory fish

Fig. 6. Regressions between radius of each increments and increments growth estimated in Prochilodus nigricans from Solimões (red), Japurá (blue) and Negro (black) Amazon Basin, Brazil.

Fig. 5 in Plasticity in the shape and growth pattern of asteriscus otolith of black prochilodus Prochilodus nigricans (Teleostei: Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) freshwater Neotropical migratory fish

Fig. 5. Canonical variate analysis of the organized data of the analysis cluster. Representation the four different morphotypes of asteriscus otoliths of Prochilodus nigricans. (red cross) Morphotype 3; (blue square) Morphotype 2; (purple asterisk) Morphotype 4; (green ex) Morphotype 1.

Fig. 4 in Plasticity in the shape and growth pattern of asteriscus otolith of black prochilodus Prochilodus nigricans (Teleostei: Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) freshwater Neotropical migratory fish

Fig. 4. Four morphotype asteriscus otolith Prochilodus nigricans established by cluster analysis from the amplitudes of wavelets. a. morphotype 1; b. morphotype 2; c. morphotype 3 and d. morphotype 4 respectively, sampled of rivers Solimões, Japurá and Negro. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Plasticity in the shape and growth pattern of asteriscus otolith of black prochilodus Prochilodus nigricans (Teleostei: Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) freshwater Neotropical migratory fish

Fig. 1. Partial map of the Amazon basin showing the study area where Prochilodus nigricans were collected. Rivers: Solimões, Japurá and Negro, Brazil.

Fig. 5 in Fish beta diversity responses to environmental heterogeneity and flood pulses are different according to reproductive guild

Fig. 5. Relationship between beta diversity (mean distance to centroid), environmental heterogeneity and period of the hydrological cycle. a. Beta diversity of non-migratory fish species with external fertilization and parental care (NEFC); b. beta diversity of non-migratory fish species with internal fertilization (NIF).

Fig. 4 in Fish beta diversity responses to environmental heterogeneity and flood pulses are different according to reproductive guild

Fig. 4. Beta diversity variation among the guilds. The boxes represent the interquartile ranges, the horizontal lines indicate the medians, the bars indicate the minimum and maximum values, and the closed diamonds represent the mean beta diversity of each guild. LMEF: long-distance migratory and external fertilization; NEFC: non-migratory with external fertilization and parental care; NEFW: nonmigratory with external fertilization without parental care; NIF: non-migratory with internal fertilization; DET: detritivorous; HER: herbivorous; INS: insectivorous; INV: invertivorous; ONI: omnivorous; and PIS: piscivorous.

Fig. 2 in Fish beta diversity responses to environmental heterogeneity and flood pulses are different according to reproductive guild

Fig. 2. Hydrometric-level (a) and environmental heterogeneity (b) variation between 2000 and 2012 in the Paraná River. The horizontal black dashed line indicates the flood level of the floodplain. Source: ANA - Estação Fluviométrica of Porto São José, PR.

Fig. 4 in Physical habitat simulation for small-sized characid fish species from tropical rivers in Brazil

Fig. 4. The velocities and depth comparison between the field measurement and the numerical model for points in 50% cros- s-section width of the Velhas reach (a-b) and in 50% width of the Curimataí reach (c-d).

Fig. 3 in Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998

Fig. 3. Lower jaw of a. Kryptolebias brasiliensis (modified from Costa, 2004), b. Pterolebias longipinnis, c. Papiliolebiass bitteri, d. Cynopoecilus melanotaenia, e. Austrolebias juanlangi, f. Austrolebias wolterstorffi; aad = anguloarticular dorsal process, aav = anguloarticular ventral process, d = dentary, r = retroarticular. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 10 in Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998

Fig. 10. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of Austrolebias, based on the molecular markers (ribosomal unit 16s, Cytochrome b, RAG1, Glyt). Values above branches are posterior probabilities. Colored areas same as Fig. 12.

Fig. 2 in Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998

Fig. 2. Urohyal bone of a. Kryptolebias brasiliensis (modified from Costa, 2004), b. Atlantirivulus aff. paranaguensis, c. Cynopoecilus melanotaenia, d. Ophthalmolebias constanciae, e. Austrolebias juanlangi, f. Austrolebias wolterstorffi; adp = anterodorsal process. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 5 in Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998

Fig. 5. Anterior section of anal fin of a. Papiliolebias bitteri, b. Pterolebias longipinnis, c. Ophthalmolebias constanciae; apr1-2 = proximal radials fused. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998

Fig. 1. Suspensorium of a. Kryptolebias caudomarginatus (Seegers) (modified from Costa, 1998), b. Pterolebias longipinnis Garman, c. Papiliolebias bitteri (Costa), d. Cynopoecilus melanotaenia (Reagan), e. Ophthalmolebias constanciae (Myers), f. Austrolebias vazferreirai (Berkenkamp, Etzel, Reichert & Salvia). "a" = autopalatine, hy = hyomandibula, "mrpr" = median rim of preopercle, "ms" = mesopterygoid, "mt" = metapterygoid, "pro" = preopercle, "q" = quadrate, "sy" = symplectic. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 8 in Review of the family Rivulidae (Cyprinodontiformes, Aplocheiloidei) and a molecular and morphological phylogeny of the annual fish genus Austrolebias Costa 1998

Fig. 8. Pectoral girdle of a. Papiliolebias bitteri, b. Cynopoecilus melanotaenia, c. Ophthalmolebias constanciae; cl = cleithrum, co = coracoid, pr = pectoral radial, pt = postemporal, scl = supracleithrum, sq = scapula. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 2 in Fish diversity in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River, southeast Brazil

Fig. 2. Species accumulation curves controlled by sampling effort (47 samples). Curves were calculated separately for native and non-native species.

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Fig. 3. Karyotypes after FISH with 5S in Contributions to the systematic of Pimelodidae (Osteichthyes, Siluriformes): basic and molecular cytogenetics on seven species of Pimelodus from three Brazilian hydrographic systems

Fig. 3. Karyotypes after FISH with 5S rDNA probes (red) and 18S rDNA probe (green). a. Pimelodus absconditus; b. Pimelodus britskii; c. Pimelodus maculatus; d. Pimelodus microstoma; e. Pimelodus mysteriosus; f. Pimelodus ortmanni; g. Pimelodus paranaensis. Scales bar = 10 μm.

Fig. 1 in Fish diversity in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River, southeast Brazil

Fig. 1. The cascade of dams (red squares) along the Paranapanema River. Dams: 1 = Jurumirim; 2 = Piraju; 3 = Paranapanema; 4 = Chavantes; 5 = Ourinhos; 6 = Salto Grande; 7 = Canoas II; 8 = Canoas I; 9 = Capivara; 10 = Taquaruçu; 11 = Rosana. States: MS = Mato Grosso do Sul; PR = Paraná; SP = São Paulo.

Fig. 3 in Defining the reproductive period of freshwater fish species using the Gonadosomatic Index: a proposed protocol applied to ten species of the Patos Lagoon basin

Fig. 3. Monthly variation of Cyphocharax voga GSI values (adult females only) in Guaíba Lake (white) and Casamento Lake (dark gray), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (median, 25- 75% quartiles and lower-upper GSI limits by month and site). Three GSI cut-off values were tested with respect to the maximum GSI recorded for each species, for delimitation of reproductive months: 20% (G20), 30% (G30) and 40% (G40).

Fig. 5 in Defining the reproductive period of freshwater fish species using the Gonadosomatic Index: a proposed protocol applied to ten species of the Patos Lagoon basin

Fig. 5. Monthly variation of Oligosarcus jenynsii GSI values (adult females only) in Guaíba Lake (white) and Casamento Lake (dark gray), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (median, 25- 75% quartiles and lower-upper GSI limits by month and site). Three GSI cut-off values were tested with respect to the maximum GSI recorded for each species, for delimitation of reproductive months: 20% (G20), 30% (G30) and 40% (G40).

Fig. 2 in Defining the reproductive period of freshwater fish species using the Gonadosomatic Index: a proposed protocol applied to ten species of the Patos Lagoon basin

Fig. 2. Monthly variation of Astyanax fasciatus GSI values (adult females only) in Guaíba Lake (white) and Casamento Lake (dark gray), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (median, 25- 75% quartiles and lower-upper GSI limits by month and site). Three GSI cut-off values were tested with respect to the maximum GSI recorded for each species, for delimitation of reproductive months: 20% (G20), 30% (G30) and 40% (G40).