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opennotspecifiedSep 2014View details →

FIGURES 1A–1B in How diverse are coccoid cyanobacteria? A case study of terrestrial habitats from the Atlantic Rainforest (São Paulo, Brazil)

FIGURES 1A–1B. Aphanothece saxicola. General colony habit with cells in an individual envelope (arrow).

opennotspecifiedSep 2014View details →

FIGURES 5A–5B. Chroococcus tenax. 5A. General colony habit highlighting the lamellated sheaths. 5B in How diverse are coccoid cyanobacteria? A case study of terrestrial habitats from the Atlantic Rainforest (São Paulo, Brazil)

FIGURES 5A–5B. Chroococcus tenax. 5A. General colony habit highlighting the lamellated sheaths. 5B. Desiccated cell showing concentrically lamellate sheaths and blue color.

opennotspecifiedSep 2014View details →

FIGURES 4A in How diverse are coccoid cyanobacteria? A case study of terrestrial habitats from the Atlantic Rainforest (São Paulo, Brazil)

FIGURES 4A. Coelosphaeriopsis sp. General aspect of a colony and detail of cells in individual envelopes (arrow).

Figure 7 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 7. Amphibian abundance during daytime surveys (a: n = 205) and night-time surveys (b: n = 32). Bars show standard error. Abundance was measured in individuals encountered per 20 minute survey conducted within a 20 x 20 m quadrant. Habitat types are as follows: CC = closed canopy forest, DC = disturbed canopy forest, SCP = shade-grown coffee plantation, OP = open plantation. Figures marked with * were found to be statistically significant (p <0.05).

Figure 5 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 5. Newly recorded species on Nosy Komba: (a) Indotyphlops braminus, (b) Indotyphlops braminus detail, (c) Madascincus stumpffi, (d) Pseudoxyrhopus microps, (e) Paracontias sp., (f) Paracontias sp. detail, (g) Thamnosophis stumpffi, (h) Stumpffia psologlossa.

Figure 6 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 6. Reptile abundance during daytime surveys (a: n = 205) and night-time surveys (b: n = 32). Bars show standard error. Abundance was measured in individuals encountered per 20 minute survey conducted within a 20 x 20 m quadrant. Habitat types are as follows: CC = closed canopy forest, DC = disturbed canopy forest, SCP = shade-grown coffee plantation, OP = open plantation. Figures marked with * were found to be statistically significant (p <0.05).

Figure 4 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 4. Newly recorded species on Nosy Komba: (a) Acrantophis madagascariensis, (b) Amphiglossus mandokava, (c) Amphiglossus sp., (d) Brookesia ebenaui, (e) Gephyromantis granulatus, (f) Hemidactylus frenatus, (g) Hemidactylus mercatorius, (h) Liophidium torquatum.

Figure 3 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 3. Amphibian species richness in different habitats including all species encountered both within timed surveys and opportunistic sightings. Darker bars represent the proportion of species classified as Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Habitat types are as follows: CC = closed canopy forest, DC = disturbed canopy forest, SCP = shade-grown coffee plantation, OP = open plantation.

Figure 2 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 2. Reptile species richness in different habitats including all species encountered both within timed surveys and opportunistic sightings. Darker bars represent the proportion of species classified as Threatened on the IUCN Red List. Habitat types are as follows: CC = closed canopy forest, DC = disturbed canopy forest, SCP = shade-grown coffee plantation, OP = open plantation.

Figure 1 in Herpetological diversity across intact and modified habitats of Nosy Komba Island, Madagascar

Figure 1. Map showing the location of Nosy Komba in relation to mainland Madagascar. The research camp is marked with a white dot. Map sourced from Google EarthTM. © 2016 Google, Image © 2016 CNES/Astrium Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO, US Dept of State Geographer, Image © 2016 Digital Globe.

opennotspecifiedJul 2013View details →

Figure 5. Maximum likelihood trees constructed from mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I in Cryptic diversity in coastal Australasia: a morphological and mitonuclear genetic analysis of habitat-forming sibling species

Figure 5. Maximum likelihood trees constructed from mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (left; log likelihood: -399.5730) and nuclear adenine nucleotide transporter intron (right; log likelihood: -12170.8682) sequences of Pyura praeputialis and Pyura doppelgangera sp. nov. Nodal support from 1000 bootstrap replications (> 75%) is indicated next to some branches. Circles indicate regions in which a particular allele was present. For simplicity, allele frequencies are not indicated.

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Figure 2 in Cryptic diversity in coastal Australasia: a morphological and mitonuclear genetic analysis of habitat-forming sibling species

Figure 2. Pyura doppelgangera sp. nov. A, anal border (view from above); B, anal border (lateral view); C, gonoduct left side; D, an individual specimen collected in Tasmania. Photograph: Carmen Primo; E, the same individual without tunic. Photograph: Carmen Primo; F, dorsal tubercle and lamina with languets; G, internal structure detailing the position of the hepatic gland, dorsal tubercle, gonad on the right side of the body and the gut and gonad on the left side. Scale bars: A-C = 1 mm; D, E = 20 mm; F = 2 mm; G = 10 mm.

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Figure 1 in Cryptic diversity in coastal Australasia: a morphological and mitonuclear genetic analysis of habitat-forming sibling species

Figure 1. Scanning electron microscope photographs of the siphonal spines of the species comprising the Pyura stolonifera species complex. A, Pyura doppelgangera sp. nov., B, Pyura praeputialis, C, Pyura dalbyi, D, Pyura herdmani, E, P. stolonifera. Scale bars: A = 100 Mm; B, D = 40 Mm; C = 50 Mm; E = 10 Mm.

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Data and Code for: Isotopic Niche Size of Coregonus artedi (sensu lato) Increases in the Presence of Mysis diluviana, Expanded Habitat Use and Phenotypic Diversity

Post-glacial colonization of lakes in Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada resulted in food webs with cisco (Coregonus artedi sensu lato) and either Mysis diluviana or Chaoborus spp. as the dominant diel migrator. Mysis as prey, its diel movements and benthic occupancy, are hypothesized to be key elements of ecological opportunity for cisco diversity in the Laurentian Great Lakes. If correct, the hypothesis strongly implies that lakes with Mysis would have greater trophic niche size and drive greater adaptive radiation of cisco forms relative to lakes without Mysis. The dichotomy in diel migrator in Algonquin Park lakes was an opportunity to assess the isotopic niche size of cisco (δ15N and δ13C) and determine if niche size expands with Mysis presence. We found the presence of Mysis is necessary to expand isotopic niche size in our study lakes. The use of habitats not typically associated with the ancestral form of cisco (e.g., benthic habitats) and phenotypic diversity (blackfin and cisco) also continue to expand niche size in Mysis-based food webs. Partial ecological speciation based on a large niche space appears to be present in one lake (Cauchon Lake) where use of alternative habitats is the only real difference in cisco. The presence of blackfin expands niche space in Cedar and Radiant Lakes. This was not matched in Hogan Lake where niche space was relatively smaller with similar forms. Possible reasons for this discrepancy may be related to the asymmetric basin of Hogan Lake and whether the two forms overlap during cool and cold-water periods of the annual temperature cycle. By comparing trophic niche size among lakes with and without Mysis we conclude that Mysis provides a key ecological opportunity for cisco diversity in our study lakes and likely more widely.

opencc-zeroAug 2021View details →

Fig. 1 in Habitat Association Promotes Diversity of Histerid Beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) in Neotropical Ecosystems

Fig. 1. Serra de S~ ao José conservation unit limits (right) (44°9ʹ46.14ʹʹW, 21°5ʹ14.54ʹʹS) and its location in South America (left).

Fig. 5 in Habitat Association Promotes Diversity of Histerid Beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) in Neotropical Ecosystems

Fig. 5. Multidimensional scaling (MDS). A) Ordering of the samples collected in four habitat types, B) Ordering of the samples collected in the three bait types. Stress = 0.11.

Fig. 3 in Habitat Association Promotes Diversity of Histerid Beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) in Neotropical Ecosystems

Fig. 3. Rank-abundance of histerid beetle communities in four habitats in the Serra de S~ ao José, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Fig. 2 in Habitat Association Promotes Diversity of Histerid Beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) in Neotropical Ecosystems

Fig. 2. Main habitats in the Serra de S~ ao José, Minas Gerais, Brazil. a) Mountain semideciduous forest, b) Cerrado, c) Rupestrian field, d) Introduced pasture.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

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Data from: Plant diversity in giant panda habitat

Understanding the relative importance of the factors driving the patterns of biodi- versity is a key research topic in community ecology and biogeography. However, the main drivers of plant species diversity in montane forests are still not clear. In addi- tion, most existing studies make no distinction between direct and indirect effects of environmental factors and spatial constraints on plant biodiversity. Using data from 107 montane forest plots in Sichuan Giant Panda habitat, China, we quantified the direct and indirect effects of abiotic environmental factors, spatial constraints, and plant functional traits on plant community diversity. Our results showed significant correlations between abiotic environmental factors and trees (r = .10, p value = .001), shrubs (r = .19, p value = .001), or overall plant diversity (r = .18, p value = .001) in mon- tane forests. Spatial constraints also showed significant correlations with trees and shrubs. However, no significant correlations were found between functional traits and plant community diversity. Moreover, the diversity (richness and abundance) of shrubs, trees, and plant communities was directly affected by precipitation, latitude, and altitude. Mean annual temperature (MAT) had no direct effect on the richness of tree and plant communities. Further, MAT and precipitation indirectly affected plant communities via the tree canopy. The results revealed a stronger direct effect on montane plant diversity than indirect effect, suggesting that single-species models may be adequate for forecasting the impacts of climate factors in these communities. The shifting of tree canopy coverage might be a potential indicator for trends of plant diversity under climate change.