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1,751 results for “molecular phylogenetics”
Figure 7 in Systematic revision of the living species of Bullidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea), with a molecular phylogenetic analysis
Figure 7. Inner lateral teeth of radula of Bulla striata. A, B, Ria Formosa, Portugal (BMNH 20050338; H = 30.1, 32.5 mm). C, Naples, Italy (BMNH 20030775; H = 23.5 mm). D, Siné-Saloum, Senegal (BMNH 20030781; H = 15.6 mm). E, F, Siné-Saloum, Senegal (BMNH 20030781; H = 16.4 mm). Scale bars: A–F = 100 Mm.
Figure 5 in Systematic revision of the living species of Bullidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea), with a molecular phylogenetic analysis
Figure 5. Involute spire and visible part of protoconch of Bulla striata (A, G), B. occidentalis (B, I–J), B. mabillei (C), B. solida (D), B. gouldiana (E), and B. punctulata (F, H). A, Siné-Saloum, Senegal (BMNH 20030781; H = 15.6 mm). B, Miami, Florida (BMNH 20030045; H = 28.8 mm). C. Tenerife Island, Canary Islands (BMNH 20020457; H = 26.9 mm). D, off Florida (HBOM 62: 281; H = 34.9 mm). E, Baja California, Mexico (CAS 067260; H = 40.6 mm). F, Guanacaste, Costa Rica (INBio 03458490; H = 13.8 mm). G, Ria Formosa, Portugal (BMNH 20050338; H = 30.1 mm). H, Puntarenas, Costa Rica (INBio 01482898; H = 19.6 mm). I–J, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 30009; H = 33.6, 35.1 mm). Scale bars: A–C, E–F, J = 200 Mm; D = 500 Mm; G–I = 50 Mm.
Figure 2 in Systematic revision of the living species of Bullidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea), with a molecular phylogenetic analysis
Figure 2. Live animals of Atlantic and East Pacific species of Bullidae. A, Bulla striata, Ria de Alvor, Portugal; H = 29 mm (photo: M. A. E. Malaquias). B, B. occidentalis, Guanacahabibes, Cuba; H = 20 mm (photo: L. Moro). C, B. occidentalis, Sanibel Island, Florida; H = 18 mm (photo: Á. Valdés). D, B. mabillei, Tenerife, Canary Islands; H = 31 mm (photo: L. Moro). E, B. punctulata, Panama; H = 25 mm (photo: T. Gosliner). F, B. gouldiana, La Jolla, California; H = 45 mm (B. Lloyd).
FIG. 3 in A new species and a new record of the genus Phaeophyscia Moberg (Lecanorales, Physciaceae) from Pakistan supported by phenotypic and molecular phylogenetic analyses
FIG. 3. — Phaeophyscia microspora Aptroot & Schumm: A, foliose thallus of type specimen (holo-, LAH[LAH37622]); B, apothecia; C, lobe with rhizines; D, section of an apothecium; E, ascus; F, ascospores. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 3 mm; C, 1.5 mm; D, 80 μm; E, 13 μm; F, 8 μm.
FIG. 2 in A new species and a new record of the genus Phaeophyscia Moberg (Lecanorales, Physciaceae) from Pakistan supported by phenotypic and molecular phylogenetic analyses
FIG. 2. — Phaeophyscia kaghanensis Niazi, Nadeem, Afshan & Khalid, sp. nov.: A, foliose thallus of type specimen (holo-, LAH[LAH37615]); B, apothecia; C, section of an apothecium; D, E, ascus; F, ascospores. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, 3 mm; C, 100 μm; D, 28 μm; E, 24 μm; F, 14 μm.
FIG. 1 in A new species and a new record of the genus Phaeophyscia Moberg (Lecanorales, Physciaceae) from Pakistan supported by phenotypic and molecular phylogenetic analyses
FIG. 1. — Phylogeny of Phaeophyscia Moberg and related species based on a maximum likelihood (ML) analysis of the ITS region. Phaeophyscia kaghanensis Niazi, Nadeem, Afshan & Khalid, sp. nov. and P. microspora Aptroot & Schumm are shown in bold.
Figure 4 in Verifying Australian Nilotanypus Kieffer (Chironomidae) In A Global Perspective: Molecular Phylogenetic And Temporal Analyses, New Species And Emended Generic Diagnoses
Figure 4. Phylogenetic tree from Bayesian inference for Nilotanypus Kieffer and outgroups (Table 1) based on concatenated gene fragments. Posterior probabilities (PP) and Bootstrap support (BS from Maximum Likelihood analysis) are indicated above branches only for nodes with PP> 0.95 or BS> 70. Maximal supported nodes are indicated with an asterisk. A dash (–) for either PP or BS indicates a value below the threshold for support; unlabelled nodes lack support under both criteria.
Figure 2. Nilotanypus Kieffer. Pupa. A, B in Verifying Australian Nilotanypus Kieffer (Chironomidae) In A Global Perspective: Molecular Phylogenetic And Temporal Analyses, New Species And Emended Generic Diagnoses
Figure 2. Nilotanypus Kieffer. Pupa. A, B. Thoracic horn; C. Wing sheath; D–F. Abdomen, male); D. dorsal, E. ventral. Larva. F. Head capsule, left side ventral, right side dorsal; G. Dorsal head capsule; H. Antenna; I. Antennal apex, detail; J. Mandible; K. Ligula, paraligula; l. Maxilla; M. Submentum; N. Anterior parapod small comb claw; O. Posterior body; P. Posterior parapod comb claw. A, D–F, H–O. N. haplochelus sp. n.; B, C, G, P. N. ctenochelus sp. n. Abbreviations: S5 – S10 – cephalic setae, DP – dorsal pit, VP – ventral pit.
Figure 1. Nilotanypus Kieffer. Adult. A–D in Verifying Australian Nilotanypus Kieffer (Chironomidae) In A Global Perspective: Molecular Phylogenetic And Temporal Analyses, New Species And Emended Generic Diagnoses
Figure 1. Nilotanypus Kieffer. Adult. A–D. Head, anterior view, right side, ♂, A, C. ♀, B, D.; E–F. Thorax, E. dor- sal, F. lateral; G. Mid-dorsal sensory pit; H. Wing (male); I, J. Tibial apices, I. P1, J. P3; K. Male hypopygium; L. Gonostylus; M. Female genitalia left side only; N. Anterior vaginal cavity, detail. A–B, E–K, M–N. N. haplochelus sp. n.; C–D, L. N. ctenochelus sp.n. Abbreviations: fr–frontal setae, iv–inner vertical setae, ped–pedestal setae, ov– outer vertical setae, sc-scape setae. Fig. 1G after Roback, 1986.
Figure 5. BEAST chronogram from a data set corresponding with Table 1 in Verifying Australian Nilotanypus Kieffer (Chironomidae) In A Global Perspective: Molecular Phylogenetic And Temporal Analyses, New Species And Emended Generic Diagnoses
Figure 5. BEAST chronogram from a data set corresponding with Table 1. Values at nodes are time to most recent common ancestor (tmrca) with HPD (95% Highest Posterior Density) intervals in parentheses. The time scale is in millions of years before present.
Figure 3 in Verifying Australian Nilotanypus Kieffer (Chironomidae) In A Global Perspective: Molecular Phylogenetic And Temporal Analyses, New Species And Emended Generic Diagnoses
Figure 3. Nilotanypus ctenochelus sp. n. A. Wing sheath, tubercle row; B. Larval posterior parapod, comb claw.
Fig. 1 in Checklist and molecular phylogenetics reveal three taxonomic novelties in Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil
Fig. 1. Distribution map of Habenaria records from Chapada dos Veadeiros. A. Map with all records. B. Map with records of new taxa plus H. lavrensis Hoehne var. lavrensis. The area incorporated into the park in 2016 is indicated by a dashed line. Habenaria lavrensis denotes specimens with unknown intraspecific identification.
Fig. 4. Habenaria minuticalcar J.A.N in Checklist and molecular phylogenetics reveal three taxonomic novelties in Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil
Fig. 4. Habenaria minuticalcar J.A.N. Bat. & Bianch. sp. nov. A–C. Habit. D–F. Leaves. G– I. Dissected perianth. J–K. Bract, pedicellate ovary, gynostemium and spur, lateral view. L. Flower, side view. M. Lip and spur, side view. N. Distal part of the ovary, gynostemium and spur, side view. O–P. Spur. Q. Flattened connective, anther and lateral appendages (auricles). R. Rostellum, upper view. A–D and F–R from Batista 843 (CEN); E from Batista & Bianchetti 3099 (BHCB). Abbreviations: an = anther; au = auricles; co = connective; ov = ovary; sp = spur; st = stigmatophores; pm = pollen massulae.
Fig. 6. Habenaria proiteana J.A.N. Bat., A.A in Checklist and molecular phylogenetics reveal three taxonomic novelties in Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil
Fig. 6. Habenaria proiteana J.A.N. Bat., A.A.Vale & Bianch. sp. nov. A–B. Habit. C–E. Leaves. F. Flowers. G–I. Dissected perianth. J–L. Bract, pedicellate ovary, gynostemium and spur, lateral view. M. Gynostemium, side view. N. Gynostemium, front view. O. Gynostemium, back view. P. flattened connective, anther and lateral appendages (auricles). Q. Rostellum, upper view. R. Rostellum, lateral view. A–H, J–K and M–R from Batista et al. 2376 (BHCB); I and L from Hatschbach et al. 58383 (MBM). Abbreviations: ac = anther canal; an = anther; au = auricles; ca = caudicle; co = connective; rs = rostellum side-lobes; st = stigmatophores; vi = viscidium.
Fig. 5. Habenaria proiteana J.A.N. Bat., A.A in Checklist and molecular phylogenetics reveal three taxonomic novelties in Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil
Fig. 5. Habenaria proiteana J.A.N. Bat., A.A.Vale & Bianch. sp. nov. A. Inflorescence. B. Flower, front view. C. Flower, side view. D–E. Flower, ¾ lateral view. F. Gynostemium, front view. Habenaria cultellifolia. G. Habitat (Chapadas dos Veadeiros, Goiás). H. Vegetative part. I. Flower, front view. A–D, F from Batista et al. 2376 (BHCB); E from Batista & Bianchetii 3101 (BHCB); G–I from Batista et al. 2959 (BHCB). Abbreviations: ac = anther canals; an = anther; au = auricles; co = connective; rm = rostellum mid lobe; rs = rostellum side-lobes; st = stigmatophores; vi = viscidium. All photographs by J.A.N. Batista.
Fig. 3. Habenaria minuticalcar J.A.N in Checklist and molecular phylogenetics reveal three taxonomic novelties in Habenaria (Orchidaceae, Orchidoideae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros, Goiás, Brazil
Fig. 3. Habenaria minuticalcar J.A.N. Bat. & Bianch. sp. nov. A–B. Habitat: seasonally humid grassland with Paepalanthus sp. during the rainy season in December 2010, in Chapada dos Veadeiros. C. Flower, front view. D. Flower, side view. E. Gynostemium, front view. Habenaria lavrensis var. lavrensis. F. Inflorescence. Habenaria lavrensis var. xanthodactyla var. nov. G. Inflorescence. H. Flower, front view. C, E from Batista & Bianchetti 3099 (BHCB); D from Batista 843 (CEN); F from Batista 2940 (BHCB); G from Batista & Proite 1494 (CEN); H from Batista & Bianchetti 3095 (BHCB). Abbreviations: an = anther; au = auricles; co = connective; rm = rostellum mid lobe; st = stigmatophores; vi = viscidia. All photographs by J.A.N. Batista.
Data from: Integrating deep learning derived morphological traits and molecular data for total-evidence phylogenetics: lessons from digitized collections
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Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal multiple long-distance dispersal events and extensive cryptic speciation in Nervilia (Orchidaceae), an isolated basal Epidendroid genus
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Fig. 5 in Generic status of Winitia (Annonaceae, Miliuseae) reaffirmed by molecular phylogenetic analysis, including a new species and a new combination from Thailand
Fig. 5. Holotype of Winitia thailandana Chaowasku & Aongyong sp. nov. at CMUB.
Data from: The molecular phylogenetics of Trachymyrmex ants and their fungal cultivars provide insights into the origin and co-evolutionary history of 'higher-attine' ant agriculture
The fungus‐growing ants and their fungal cultivars constitute a classic example of a mutualism that has led to complex coevolutionary dynamics spanning c. 55–65 Ma. Of the five agricultural systems practised by fungus‐growing ants, higher‐attine agriculture, of which leaf‐cutter agriculture is a derived subset, remains poorly understood despite its relevance to ecosystem function and human agriculture across the Neotropics and parts of North America. Among the ants practising higher‐attine agriculture, the genus Trachymyrmex Forel, as currently defined, shares most‐recent common ancestors with both the leaf‐cutter ants and the higher‐attine genera Sericomyrmex Mayr and Xerolitor Sosa‐Calvo et al. Although previous molecular‐phylogenetic studies have suggested that Trachymyrmex is a paraphyletic grade, until now insufficient taxon sampling has prevented a full investigation of the evolutionary history of this group and limited the possibility of resolving its taxonomy. Here we describe the results of phylogenetic analyses of 38 Trachymyrmex species, including 27 of the 49 described species and at least 11 new species, using four nuclear markers, as well as phylogenetic analyses of the fungi cultivated by 23 species of Trachymyrmex using two markers. We generated new genetic data for 112 ants (402 new gene sequences) and 95 fungi (153 new gene sequences). Our results corroborate previous findings that Trachymyrmex, as currently defined, is paraphyletic. We propose recognizing two new genera, Mycetomoellerius gen.n. and Paratrachymyrmex gen.n., and restricting the continued use of Trachymyrmex to the clade of nine largely North American species that contains the type species [Trachymyrmex septentrionalis (McCook)] and that is the sister group of the leaf‐cutting ants. Our fungal cultivar phylogeny generally corroborates previously observed broad patterns of ant–fungus association, but it also reveals further violations of those patterns. Higher‐attine fungi are divided into two groups: (i) the single species Leucoagaricus gongylophorus (Möller); and (ii) its sister clade, consisting of multiple species, recently referred to as Leucoagaricus Singer 'clade B'. Our phylogeny indicates that, although most non‐leaf‐cutting higher‐attine ants typically cultivate species in clade B, some species cultivate L. gongylophorus, whereas still others cultivate fungi typically associated with lower‐attine agriculture. This indicates that the attine agricultural systems, which are currently defined by associations between ants and fungi, are not entirely congruent with ant and fungal phylogenies. They may, however, be correlated with as yet poorly understood biological traits of the ants and/or of their microbiomes.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.