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FIG. 1A–H. Reuteria riegeri. A—R. riegeri torosensis ssp. n in Review of Reuteria Puton, 1875 (Heteroptera: Miridae) species present in Lodos Entomological Museum, Turkey (LEMT)
FIG. 1A–H. Reuteria riegeri. A—R. riegeri torosensis ssp. n., habitus of male (Scale bar = 1 mm), B—idem, left paramere, C—idem, right paramere, D—idem, right paramere of a different specimen, E—R. reigeri riegeri, right paramere, F—idem, vesica, theca removed, G—R. riegeri torosensis ssp.n., vesica, theca removed, H—idem, aedeagus, theca intact (Scale bars = 0,1 mm). (Numbers indicate each distinct vesical process; in G, vesical processes 2 and 3 are separately illustrated from different views) [A–D, G–H, original, E–F, from Strauss & Simon (2014)].
Data from: Mitochondrial gene diversity associated with the atp9 stop codon in natural populations of wild carrot (Daucus carota ssp. carota)
Mitochondrial genomes extracted from wild populations of Daucus carota have been used as a genetic resource by breeders of cultivated carrot, yet little is known concerning the extent of their diversity in nature. Of special interest is a SNP in the putative stop codon of the mitochondrial gene atp9 that has been associated previously with male-sterile and male-fertile phenotypic variants. In this study either sequence or PCR/RFLP genotypes were obtained from the mitochondrial genes atp1, atp9 and cox1 found in D. carota individuals collected from 24 populations in the eastern U.S. More than half of the 128 individuals surveyed had a CAA or AAA, rather than TAA, genotype at the position usually thought to function as an atp9 stop codon in this species. We also found no evidence for mitochondrial RNA editing (Cytosine to Uridine) of the CAA stop codon in either floral or leaf tissue. Evidence for intra-genic recombination, as opposed the more common inter-genic recombination in plant mitochondrial genomes, in our data set is presented. Indel and SNP variants elsewhere in atp9, and in the other two genes surveyed, were non-randomly associated with the three atp9 stop codon variants, though further analysis suggested that multi-locus genotypic diversity had been enhanced by recombination. Overall the mitochondrial genetic diversity was only modestly structured among populations with an Fst of 0.34.
Data from: Structure and extent of DNA methylation-based epigenetic variation in wild emmer wheat (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) populations
Background: The genetic structure and differentiation of wild emmer wheat suggests that genetic diversity is eco-geographically structured. However, very little is known about the structure and extent of the heritable epigenetic variation and its influence on local adaptation in natural populations. Results: The structure and extent of the heritable methylation-based epigenetic variation were assessed within and among natural populations of Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides. We used methylation sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) and transposon methylation display (TMD) techniques, to assess the methylation status of random genomic CCGG sites and CCGG sites flanking transposable elements (TEs), respectively. Both techniques were applied to the DNA of 50 emmer accessions which were collected from five different geographically isolated regions. In order to ensure the assessment of heritable epigenetic variation, all accessions were grown under common garden conditions for two generations. In all accessions, the difference in methylation levels of CCGG sites, including CCGG sites that flanked TEs, were not statistically significant and relatively high, ranging between 46 and 76 %. The pattern of methylation was significantly different among accessions, such that clear and statistically significant population-specific methylation patterns were observed. Conclusion: In this study, we have observed population-unique heritable methylation patterns in emmer wheat accessions originating from five geographically isolated regions. Our data indicate that methylation-based epigenetic diversity might be eco-geographically structured and might be partly determined by climatic and edaphic factors.
Data from: Genetic diversity and structure of Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum in California vineyards and orchards indicates potential for spread of herbicide resistance via gene flow
Management of agroecosystems with herbicides imposes strong selection pressures on weedy plants leading to the evolution of resistance against those herbicides. Resistance to glyphosate in populations of Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum is increasingly common in California, USA, causing economic losses and the loss of effective management tools. To gain insights into the recent evolution of glyphosate resistance in L. perenne in perennial cropping systems of northwest California and to inform management, we investigated the frequency of glyphosate resistance and the genetic diversity and structure of 14 populations. The sampled populations contained frequencies of resistant plants ranging from 10% to 89%. Analyses of neutral genetic variation using microsatellite markers indicated very high genetic diversity within all populations regardless of resistance frequency. Genetic variation was distributed predominantly among individuals within populations rather than among populations or sampled counties, as would be expected for a wide-ranging outcrossing weed species. Bayesian clustering analysis provided evidence of population structuring with extensive admixture between two genetic clusters or gene pools. High genetic diversity and admixture, and low differentiation between populations, strongly suggests the potential for spread of resistance through gene flow and the need for management that limits seed and pollen dispersal in L. perenne.
Data from: Tissue culture as a source of replicates in non-model plants: variation in cold response in Arabidopsis lyrata ssp. petraea
Whilst genotype-environment interaction is increasingly receiving attention by ecologists and evolutionary biologists, such studies need genetically homogeneous replicates-a challenging hurdle in outcrossing plants. This could potentially be overcome by using tissue culture techniques. However, plants regenerated from tissue culture may show aberrant phenotypes and "somaclonal" variation. Here we examined the somaclonal variation due to tissue culturing using the response to cold treatment of the photosynthetic efficiency (chlorophyll fluorescence measurements for Fv/Fm, Fv'/Fm' and ΦPSII, representing maximum efficiency of photosynthesis for dark- and light-adapted leaves, and the actual electron transport operating efficiency, respectively, which are reliable indicators of photoinhibition and damage to the photosynthetic electron transport system). We compared this to variation among half-sibling seedlings from three different families of Arabidopsis lyrata ssp. petraea. Somaclonal variation was limited and we could successfully detect within-family variation in change in chlorophyll fluorescence due to cold shock with the help of tissue-culture derived replicates. Icelandic and Norwegian families exhibited higher chlorophyll fluorescence, suggesting higher performance after cold shock, than a Swedish family. Although the main effect of tissue culture on Fv/Fm, Fv'/Fm' and ΦPSII, was small, there were significant interactions between tissue culture and family, suggesting that the effect of tissue culture is genotype-specific. Tissue-cultured plantlets were less affected by cold treatment than seedlings, but to a different extent in each family. These interactive effects, however, were comparable to, or much smaller than the single effect of family. These results suggest that tissue culture is a useful method for obtaining genetically homogenous replicates for studying genotype-environment interaction related to adaptively-relevant phenotypes, such as cold response, in non-model outcrossing plants.
FIGURES 1-2. Agrilus albogularis ssp. perisi 1 in On the new status of Agrilus perisi Cobos, 1986 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)
FIGURES 1-2. Agrilus albogularis ssp. perisi 1. Habitus; scale bar = 1,0 mm. 2 Aedeagus; scale bar = 1,0 mm
FIGURES 7–10. Harapalus viridanus, pronotum. 7–8, H. v. angustibasis ssp. n in Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Harpalus in China, with description of new taxa (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini)
FIGURES 7–10. Harapalus viridanus, pronotum. 7–8, H. v. angustibasis ssp. n. (7, Qinghai, Yushu Co., paratype; 8, Sichuan, Garzê Co., holotype); 9, H. v. staudingerianus (Minxian, paratype); 10, H. v. viridanus (Russia, Irkutsk env.). Scale = 1.0 mm.
FIGURES 3–6. Moritzoppia unicarinata yozgatensis ssp. nov. —3 in Two new species of oppioid mites from Turkey (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURES 3–6. Moritzoppia unicarinata yozgatensis ssp. nov. —3) Leg I, 4) Leg II, 5) Leg III, 6) Leg IV (scale bar for all figures = 40 µm).
FIGURES 1–2. Moritzoppia unicarinata yozgatensis ssp. nov. —1 in Two new species of oppioid mites from Turkey (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURES 1–2. Moritzoppia unicarinata yozgatensis ssp. nov. —1) Dorsal view, 2) Ventral view (scale bar for all figures = 100 µm).
FIGURES 19–24. Feltria cornuta rossica ssp. n in New water mites species of the genus Feltria Koenike (Acariformes, Feltriidae) from the Asian Russia
FIGURES 19–24. Feltria cornuta rossica ssp. n., female (19) and male (20–24): 19, pedipalp, lateral view; 20, acetabular plate; 21, pedipalp, medial view; 22, tibia and tarsus of leg III; 23, tarsus of leg III; 24, claw of leg IV. Scale bars = 50 μm for Figs. 19–23; 25 μm for Fig. 24.
FIGURES 17–18. Feltria cornuta rossica ssp. n in New water mites species of the genus Feltria Koenike (Acariformes, Feltriidae) from the Asian Russia
FIGURES 17–18. Feltria cornuta rossica ssp. n., female: 17, idiosoma, dorsal view; 18, idiosoma, ventral view. Scale bar = 100 μm.
FIGURES 25–26. Feltria cornuta rossica ssp. n in New water mites species of the genus Feltria Koenike (Acariformes, Feltriidae) from the Asian Russia
FIGURES 25–26. Feltria cornuta rossica ssp. n., male: 25, idiosoma, dorsal view; 26, idiosoma, ventral view. Scale bar = 100 μm.
FIGURES 5–15. Pristosia spp., pronotum. Fig. 5, P. dahud polita ssp. n in Pristosia Motschulsky, 1865 from the Nepal Himalaya: Taxonomy and Biogeography (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Sphodrini)
FIGURES 5–15. Pristosia spp., pronotum. Fig. 5, P. dahud polita ssp. n., Paratype, male. Fig. 6, P. dahud Morvan, 1994, non-type, male, Rara Lake. Fig. 7, P. dahud Morvan, 1994, non-type, male, Maharigaon. Fig. 8, P. dahud Morvan, 1994, non-type, male, Khari Lagna (transitional form). Fig. 9, P. dahud Morvan, 1994, non-type, male, Khari Lagna (typical form). Fig. 10, P. similata sp. n., Paratype, male. Fig. 11, P. glabella sp. n., Paratype, male. Fig. 12, P. amaroides (Putzeys, 1877), non-type, female, India, Darjeeling. Fig. 13, P. a t re m a (Andrewes, 1926), Holotype. Fig. 14, P. nepalensis sp. n., Paratype, male. Fig. 15, P. championi (Andrewes, 1934), Holotype. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 7. Odius cassigerous ochoticus ssp. n in A new species and subspecies of Ochlesidae Stebbing, 1910 (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Okhotsk Sea
FIGURE 7. Odius cassigerous ochoticus ssp. n., holotype female, 16 mm, Okhotsk Sea. a, coxa 1; b, pereopod 1; c, coxa 2; d, pereopod 2; e, pereopod 3; f, coxa 4; g, pereopod 4; h, pereopod 5; i, pereopod 6; j, pereopod 7.
FIGURE 6. Odius cassigerous ochoticus ssp. n in A new species and subspecies of Ochlesidae Stebbing, 1910 (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Okhotsk Sea
FIGURE 6. Odius cassigerous ochoticus ssp. n., holotype female, 16 mm, Okhotsk Sea. a, antenna 1; b, antenna 2; c, labrum; d, right mandible; e, left mandible (palp articles not shown); f, lower lip; g, left maxilla 1; h, right maxilla 1; i, maxilla 2; j, maxilliped.
FIGURE 8. Odius cassigerous ochoticus ssp. n in A new species and subspecies of Ochlesidae Stebbing, 1910 (Amphipoda: Gammaridea) from the Okhotsk Sea
FIGURE 8. Odius cassigerous ochoticus ssp. n., holotype female, 16 mm, Okhotsk Sea. a, epimeral plate 1; b, epimeral plate 2; c, epimeral plate 3; d, pleopod 2; e, inner setae of the inner ramus of pleopod 1; f, inner setae of the inner ramus of pleopod 2; g, inner setae of the inner ramus of pleopod 3; h, uropod 1; i, uropod 2; j, uropod 3; k, telson.
FIGURES 23–27. Owadaglaea ssp. female genitalia. 23. O in Four new Owadaglaea species from the greater Himalayan region (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)
FIGURES 23–27. Owadaglaea ssp. female genitalia. 23. O. reta, paratype, prep. BJ1674; 24. O. kulmani, paratype, prep. BJ1745; 25. O. yoshiomotoi, prep. BJ1828; 26. O. elongata, prep. BJ1721; 27. O. triangulifera, prep. BJ1747.
FIGURES 15–18. Owadaglaea ssp. male genitalia. 15. O in Four new Owadaglaea species from the greater Himalayan region (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)
FIGURES 15–18. Owadaglaea ssp. male genitalia. 15. O. reta, holotype, prep. BJ1612; 16. O. babicsi, prep. BJ1797; 17. O. kulmani, holotype, prep. BJ1744; 18. O. yoshiomotoi, prep. BJ1827.
FIGURES 9–14. Owadaglaea ssp. adults. 9. O in Four new Owadaglaea species from the greater Himalayan region (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)
FIGURES 9–14. Owadaglaea ssp. adults. 9. O. kulmani, male, holotype, Nepal, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT); 10. O. kulmani, female, paratype, Nepal, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT); 11. O. yoshiomotoi, male, Nepal, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT); 12. O. yoshiomotoi, female, Nepal, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT); 13. O. elongata, male, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT); 14. O. elongata, male, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT);
FIGURES 1–8. Owadaglaea ssp. adults. 1. O in Four new Owadaglaea species from the greater Himalayan region (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)
FIGURES 1–8. Owadaglaea ssp. adults. 1. O. reta, male, holotype, China, Sichuan (GBG/ZSM); 2. O. reta, female, paratype, China, Sichuan (AFM); 3. O. babicsi, male, China, Sichuan (AFM); 4. O. elongata, male, Janakpur, Dolakha area, Thulopatal district (BBT); 5. O. michelleae, male, holotype, Myanmar, West Chun State, Junction Mt. Victoria (HSV); 6. O. dominiki, male, holotype, Myanmar, West Chun State, Junction Mt. Victoria (HSV); 7. O. triangulifera, male, W. Nepal, Bheri (BBT); 8. O. triangulifera, female, W. Nepal, Bheri (BBT).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.