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Fallet et al - Entomopathogenic nematodes as an effective and sustainable alternative to control the fall armyworm in Africa - Dataset and R Script
<p>We tested in field trials in Rwanda in 2022 the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) to control the fall armyworm (<em>Spodoptera frugiperda </em>Smith; FAW) over a complete growing season of maize. For an exhaustive description of the method, please see the publication: Fallet et al., 2024. <em>PNAS Nexus</em>. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae122">https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae122</a></p> <p>Briefly, the trials were conducted in six fields each containing 20 plots. In each field, five plots were attributed to one of the following treatments (n = 30 plots per treatment in total):</p> <ul> <li>Untreated control (negative control)</li> <li>EPN formulated in a Surfactant-Polymer-Formulation (SPF; e-nema GmbH, Schwentinental, Germany)</li> <li>EPN formulated in a carboxymethyl cellulose gel (Gel; Fallet et al., 2022. Biol. Control. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.105086</li> <li>Cypermethrin (positive control; pyrethroid contact insecticide)</li> </ul> <p>Treatments were applied into the whorl of every plant within a plot as a 2ml spot application, starting when >30% of plants were infested with FAW. Treatments were re-applied every two weeks until the maize flowers emerged. In total, treatments were applied four times in fields I, II, II and IV, and three times in fields V and VI.</p> <p><strong>Data recorded</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Whorl damage:</strong><br>Whorl damage was visually assessed seven- and fourteen-days post after the first-, second- and third-treatments on 40 plants per plot using the Davis whorl damage scale (Davis et al., 1992) as described in Toepfer et al. (2021). Briefly, the Davis whorl damage scale ranges from "0" to "9", whereby a fully intact whorl is attributed a score of "0", while an almost totally destroyed whorl is attributed a score of "9". Minor damages are represented by scores ranging from 1-3, while moderate or severe damages by scores ranging from 4-6 or 7-9, respectively.</li> <li><strong>FAW infestation:</strong><br>Five days after the third application of the treatments, we evaluated FAW infestation levels. For this, ten plants were destroyed in each plot to search for caterpillars. The occurrence (yes/no) of young caterpillars (shorter than 0.5 cm) was determined as a proxy for re-infestation, whereas the number of older caterpillars (longer than 0.5 cm) was used as a proxy for treatment efficacy.</li> <li><strong>Number of cobs:</strong><br>At harvest, the number of fully-developed and underdeveloped cobs from 30 plants per plot was recorded.</li> <li><strong>Cob damage:</strong><br>Fully-devloped cobs were husked to visually evaluate cob damage, using a "0" to "3" customized damage score, where "0" represents an intact cob, while scores of "1", "2", or "3" represent minor (<5% damaged kernels), moderate (5-20% damaged kernels) or severe (>20% damaged kernels) cob damage, respectively.</li> <li><strong>Yield:</strong><br>The husked cobs from 30 plants were weighed together to estimate fresh weight (FW) yield per plot.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Africa's overlooked top predator: towards a better understanding of martial eagle feeding ecology in the Maasai Mara, Kenya
<p>Raptors exert top-down influences on ecosystems via their effects on prey population dynamics and community composition. Most raptors are sympatric with other predators, thus complicating our understanding of their relative influence in these systems. Estimates of kill rates and prey biomass recycling have been used as predation metrics that allow quantitative comparison among species and assessment of the relative role of single species within complex food webs. Few studies have produced findings of kill rates or prey biomass recycling for raptors. We used a supervised machine learning algorithm to behaviourally classify high resolution accelerometer informed GPS locations of tagged adult non-breeding martial eagles <em>Polemaetus bellicosus</em> in the Maasai Mara region of Kenya to estimate kill rates and prey biomass recycling. Eagle locations classified as feeding were clustered using distance and time thresholds to identify kills and calculate kill rates. Identified kill sites were quickly ground-truthed to confirm kills and identify prey species. We estimated kill rates for martial eagles at 0.59 kills/day for males and 0.38 kills/day for females, and we estimated biomass recycling per ground-truthed kill at 1796 g for males and 3860 g for females. From our sample of identified ground-truthed kills, "gamebirds" was the most frequently recorded prey category for male eagles and "small ungulates" was the most frequently recorded prey category for female eagles. These results position martial eagles close to sympatric mammalian top predators in trophic pyramids and provide evidence for their classification as a top predator.</p>
Fig. 7 in Taxonomic notes on some Cantharidae of Sicily and North Africa
Fig. 7. Metacantharis puncticollis (Levrat, 1857). Original label of Neotypus.
Fig. 5 in Taxonomic notes on some Cantharidae of Sicily and North Africa
Fig. 5. Ancistronycha neapolitana (Pic, 1918). Specimens of Calabria ("var. humeralis" mihi).
Figure 14 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 14 – C. albolineana spec. nov. ♂ P. 4372 KL, Kenya, Naro Moru.
Figure 15 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 15 – C. albolineana spec. nov. ♀ P. 4701 KL, RSA, Louis Trichardt.
Figure 13 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 13 – C. albolineana spec. nov. ♀ P. 4371 KL, 8 mm. Kenya, Naro Moru.
Figure 12 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 12 – C. albolineana spec. nov. ♀ P. 4701 KL, 8 mm. RSA, Louis Trichardt.
Figure 10 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 10 – C. nicomacha (Meyr.) ♂ P. 4368 KL, Tanzania, Iringa.
Figure 11 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 11 – C. nicomacha (Meyr.) ♀ P. 2721 LA, Tanzania, Morogoro.
Figure 8 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 8 – C. nicomacha (Meyr.) ♀ P. 2720 LA, 11 mm. Tanzania, Morogoro.
Figure 9 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 9 – C. nicomacha (Meyr.) ♂ P. 3536 KL, Tanzania, Iringa.
Figure 3 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 3 – C. spissana (Zell.) ♂ P. 4165 KL, Tanzania, Tungamalenga.
Figure 2 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 2 – C. spissana (Zell.) ♂ P. 3524 KL, 12 mm. Spain. Fuerteventura.
Figure 5 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 5 – C. spissana (Zell.) ♂ P. 3524 KL, Spain, Fuerteventura.
Figure 7 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 7 – C. nicomacha (Meyr.) ♂ P. 3536 KL, 11 mm. Tanzania, Iringa.
Figure 4 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 4 – C. spissana (Zell.) ♂ P. 3533 KL, Aethiopia, Adis Abeba.
Figure 6 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 6 – C. spissana (Zell.) ♀ P. 3528 KL, Cameroun, Faro NP.
Figure 1 – C in Description of a new species from Africa in genus Coccothera Meyrick, 1914, with additional taxonomic and faunistic information on two other Coccothera species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Grapholitini)
Figure 1 – C. spissana (Zell.) ♂ 9 mm. Cameroun. Faro NP.
Figure 6 in Colotis lais (Butler, 1876) and Colotis euippe omphale (Godart, [1819]) use Cadaba aphylla (Thunb.) Wild LC as a host-plant at Tswalu Kalahari, Northern Cape Province, South Africa)
Figure 6 – Location of Tswalu Kalahari in southern Africa.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.