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Fig. 4 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 4. Ventral views of (A) right hand and (B) right feet of Chiasmocleis, evidencing characters frequently mentioned in the diagnosis and comparisons throughout the text. Abbreviations: F, finger; T, toe; d., distal; in., inner; m., metatarsal; pal., palmar; pr., proximal; t., terminal; s., subarticular; tb., tubercle.

Fig. 13 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 13. Holotype of Chiasmocleis albopunctata from Paraguay (ZMB 10588) in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views. SVL 5 25 mm.

Fig. 3 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 3. Outlines of stereotyped gastrophrynine frog in (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, and (C) lateral views, with standardized morphometric variables used in this study: SVL, snout-vent length; HL, head length; HW, head width; ED, eye diameter; IOD, interorbital distance; IND, internarial distance; END, eye-nostril distance; THL, thigh length; TBL, tibia length; FL, foot length; 4TD, diameter of fourth toe disc. Additional measurement details are given in Material and Methods.

Fig. 20 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 20. Variation of ventral color pattern in Chiasmocleis avilapiresae. (A) Aripuanã, Mato Grosso, Brazil (UFMT 7124). (B–C) Floresta Nacional Caxiuanã, Pará, Brazil (MPEG 23315, and MPEG 23317, respectively, both paratypes). (D) Resex do Alto Juruá, Rio Juruá, Amazonas, Brazil (INPA 17259, paratype).

Fig. 6 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 6. Summary of the strict consensus of 49 optimal trees with 3290 equally weighted steps, evidencing recent (de Sá et al., 2012), and proposed changes (new classification provided herein) in the taxonomy: Syncope is considered a junior synonym of Chiasmocleis. Chiasmocleis jimi is considered a junior synonym of C. hudsoni and is not shown in the tree. Chiasmocleis devriesi (with a doubtful status) is nested within C. anatipes and is also not shown. See text and figures 7–8 for details and support values for all nodes.

Fig. 21 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 21. Distribution of Chiasmocleis avilapiresae. Star 5 type locality, solid circle 5 examined specimens.

Fig. 27 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 27. Distribution of Chiasmocleis devriesi and C. magnova. Star 5 type locality of C. magnova; solid circle 5 examined specimens of C. magnova; cross 5 type locality of C. devriesi.

Fig. 10 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 10. Schematic drawing of variation in presence and extent of dorsal white lines in Chiasmocleis.

Fig. 9 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 9. Variation in size and shape of the inguinal blotch in species of Chiasmocleis. (A–C) C. bassleri;

Fig. 12 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 12. Terminology used in this paper to describe ventral color pattern: (A) small light spots and stains over a dark background; (B) large dark spots over a light background; (C) dark blotches and stains over a light background; (D) large dark blotches over light background; or alternatively light vermiculations over a dark background; (E) dark vermiculations or reticulation over a light background; (F) intense dark vermiculations over a light background.

Fig. 24 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 24. Advertisement call of Chiasmocleis bassleri. (A) Oscillogram and (B) spectrogram of two consecutive multipulsed notes. Recorded at Ilha da Pedra, Rondônia, Brazil; recorded on 12 March 2010 at 26.4° C air temperature (no voucher specimen; recorded by A. Lima, recording number FNJV 30715).

Fig. 5 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 5. Variation in amount of toe webbing in Chiasmocleis. (A) Webbing absent in a male C. haddadi, sp. nov. (FL 454). (B) Basal webbing in a female C. shudikarensis (FL 410). (C) Extensive webbing in a male C. shudikarensis (FL 487). Note sexual dimorphism in webbing (B–C, syntopic specimens). Not to scale.

Fig. 23 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 23. Variation of ventral color pattern in Chiasmocleis bassleri. (A) Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil (UFAC-RB 1611). (B) Via Tarapacá, Letícia, Amazonas, Colombia (ICN 50249). (C) Porto Walter, Acre, Brazil (OMNH 34829). (D) Rio Curanja, Balta, Ucayali, Peru (KU 197036). (E) Floresta Nacional do Pau-Rosa, Rio Paraconi, Maués, Amazonas, Brazil (MPEG 27766). (F) Aripuanã, Mato Grosso, Brazil (UFMT 7136). Not to scale.

Fig. 25 in Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species

Fig. 25. Distribution of Chiasmocleis bassleri. Star 5 type locality, solid circle 5 examined specimens.

Figs. 25–35. Helobdella sorojchi, n in Hirudinea from the Apolobamba in the Bolivian Andes, Including Three New Species of Helobdella (Clitellata: Hirudinea)

Figs. 25–35. Helobdella sorojchi, n. sp. 25. Lateral view of the holotype with a finely striped surface. 26. Dorsal surface of a paratype with a more speckled appearance. 27. Cephalic region of an adult exhibiting eyes at margin of II/III. 28. Anterior view of the oral sucker with terminal mouth pore on leading margin. 29. Lateral view of a specimen with proboscis protruding from terminal mouth pore. 30. Dorsal surface of the holotype showing weak subdivisions (arrowheads) of midbody annuli. 31. Ventral surface of an adult with prominent male (m) and female (f) gonopores and paramedial pigmentation pattern. 32. Median reproductive apparatus with the atria (*) removed, ovaries (o) extending to XVII/XVIII, and in which the descending sperm ducts (arrowhead) loop underneath the ovaries along the ventral muscle layer. 33. Dorsoposterior view of male atria. 34. Proboscis (p) and small compact salivary glands (arrowheads). 35. Posterior digestive system with five gastric caeca (g) including large postcaeca (arrowhead) lateral to four pairs of intestinal caeca (i).

Figs. 36–39. Cylicobdella coccinea. 36. Cephalic somites viewed dorsolaterally. 37. Caudal sucker. Fig. 38 in Hirudinea from the Apolobamba in the Bolivian Andes, Including Three New Species of Helobdella (Clitellata: Hirudinea)

Figs. 36–39. Cylicobdella coccinea. 36. Cephalic somites viewed dorsolaterally. 37. Caudal sucker. Fig. 38. Ventral surface with female (f) and male (m) gonopores and protruding penis (arrowhead). 39. Male median reproductive apparatus including paired atria (a) and cornua.

Figs. 16–24. Helobdella nununununojensis, n in Hirudinea from the Apolobamba in the Bolivian Andes, Including Three New Species of Helobdella (Clitellata: Hirudinea)

Figs. 16–24. Helobdella nununununojensis, n. sp. 16. Dorsal surface of the holotype. 17. Ventral surface of the holotype with attached brood of hatchlings. 18. Venter showing the broadened brood pouch from XVI through XX. 19. Venter showing the male (m) and female (f) gonopores as well as the central eggbowling trough (arrowhead) exhibited by adults in the early stages of brooding. 20. Anterior of an adult demonstrating the aglandular nuchal pad. 21. Median reproductive apparatus with the tip of an oviduct (o) at XVII and the longer sperm ducts reaching XVIII/XIX. 22. Anterior digestive system with the proboscis (p) having two glandular salivary masses (arrowheads) at its base in XIII. 23. Posterior digestive system with the short postcaeca (arrowheads) in XIX only and the four pairs of intestinal caeca (i). 24. Typical brooding attitude of this species.

Figs. 1–4 in Hirudinea from the Apolobamba in the Bolivian Andes, Including Three New Species of Helobdella (Clitellata: Hirudinea)

Figs. 1–4. Collection localities in the Apolobamba range. 1. Valle Tojoloque (looking west) with locality UU99–6 (lower arrow) and UU99–11 (upper arrow) at 3750 m and 3860 m, respectively. 2. Qanchis Qocha or Siete Lagunas (looking southeast) and collection sites (arrows) for UU99–20 at 4050 to 4100 m. 3. Pusu Punku (looking west) and site UU99–40, Ñuñuñuñuñoj (arrow) at 3870 m. 4. View northeast down the steep walled Rio Pelechuco Valley toward Piara at 2820 m (arrow).

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FIG. 17 in Deep-sea Caprellidea (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from Azores with the description of three new species

FIG. 17. — Pseudoprotella phasma (Montagu, 1804), female mouthparts; A, lower lip; B, upper lip; C, left mandible; D, right mandible; E, maxilliped; F, maxilla 1; G, maxilla 2. Scale bars: 0.05 mm.