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4,059 results for “mammal”
The abundance of small mammals is positively linked to survival from nest depredation but negatively linked to local recruitment of a ground nesting precocial bird
<p>Generalist predators using small mammals as their primary prey are suggested to shift hunting alternative prey such as bird nests, when small mammals are in short supply (the alternative prey hypothesis, APH). Nest survival and survival of young individuals should be positively linked to small mammal abundance and negatively linked to predator abundance, but little information exists from survival of chicks, especially until recruitment. We test these predictions of the APH using 13 years (2002-2014) of life history data from a ground nesting shorebird breeding on coastal meadows. We use small mammal abundance in the previous autumn as a proxy for spring predator abundance, mainly of mammalian predators. We examine whether small mammal abundance in the spring and previous autumn explain annual variation in nest survival from depredation and local recruitment of the southern dunlin Calidris alpina schinzii. As predicted by the APH, survival from nest predation was positively linked to spring small mammal abundance and negatively linked to autumn small mammal abundance. Importantly, local recruitment showed opposite responses. This counterintuitive result may be explained by density dependent survival. When nest depredation rates are low, predators may show stronger numerical and functional responses to high shorebird chick abundance on coastal meadows, whereas in years of high nest depredation, few hatching chicks lure fewer predators. The opposite effects on nest and local recruitment demonstrate the diverse mechanisms by which population size variation in primary prey can affect dynamics of alternative prey populations.</p>
Kruger National Park medium to large mammal species herd sizes & distances to the road - fieldwork data
<p>The dataset consists of systematically recorded presences, from a vehicle, of medium to large mammal species within the Kruger National Park. There is 401 tar and 369 dirt road points within the dataset. Each dataset point has data on species presence, estimated proximity of the animals to the road and herd sizes. Each point also has the following data: estimated cloud cover percentage, surface wetness, rain, co-ordinates, vegetation biome (savanna), road surface, distance to the nearest natural water source and the total number of vehicles passing that point within a 10 minute period.</p>
Both selection and drift drive the spatial pattern of adaptive genetic variation in a wild mammal
<p><span>The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been intensively studied to test for the relative effects of different evolutionary forces in recent decades. Pathogen-mediated balancing selection is generally thought to explain the high polymorphism observed in MHC genes, but it is still unclear to what extent MHC diversity is shaped by selection relative to neutral drift. In this study, we genotyped MHC class II DRB genes and 15 neutral microsatellite loci across 26 geographic populations of European badgers (<em>Meles meles</em>) covering most of their geographic range. By comparing the variation of microsatellites and the diversity of MHC at different levels, we demonstrate that both balancing selection and drift have shaped the evolution of MHC genes. When only MHC allelic identity was investigated, the spatial pattern of MHC variation was similar to that of microsatellites. By contrast, when functional aspects of the MHC diversity (e.g. immunological supertypes) were considered, balancing selection appears to decrease genetic structuring across populations. Our comprehensive sampling and analytical approach enable us to conclude that the likely mechanisms of selection are heterozygote advantage and/or rare-allele advantage. This study is a clear demonstration of how both balancing selection and genetic drift simultaneously affect the evolution of MHC genes in a widely-distributed wild mammal.</span></p>
Sea Mammal Bone Tool XCB-105-4057
Carved Sea Mammal Bone Rod, sometimes referred to as a "pencil shaped rod" XCB-105-4057. 400 BCE-100 CE XCB-105 Adamagan (Aleut for place of walrus hunters) is at the head of Morzhovoi Bay, western Alaska Peninsula. It is a massive village with multiple occupations. When it was occupied 400 BCE-100 CE, it was the largest village in the Arctic with an estimated 1000 people. It also has limited occupations dated 2200-1700 BCE, 1000-600 BCE, and 900-1100 CE. The Western Alaska Peninsula artifacts are presented as a result of the research conducted under grants NSF 9630072, NSF 9814086, NSF 9996372, NSF 9996415, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 2-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing and publication completed at Global Digital Heritage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Harpoon Tip, Sea mammal bone. XCB-105-3532
Harpoon Tip, Sea mammal bone. XCB-105-3532. 400 BCE-100 CE XCB-105 Adamagan (Aleut for place of walrus hunters) is at the head of Morzhovoi Bay, western Alaska Peninsula. It is a massive village with multiple occupations. When it was occupied 400 BCE-100 CE, it was the largest village in the Arctic with an estimated 1000 people. It also has limited occupations dated 2200-1700 BCE, 1000-600 BCE, and 900-1100 CE. The Western Alaska Peninsula artifacts are presented as a result of the research conducted under grants NSF 9630072, NSF 9814086, NSF 9996372, NSF 9996415, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 2-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing and publication completed at Global Digital Heritage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Modified Sea Mammal Bone XCB-105-4124
Modified Sea Mammal Bone XCB-105-4124. 400 BCE-100 CE. XCB-105 Adamagan (Aleut for place of walrus hunters) is at the head of Morzhovoi Bay, western Alaska Peninsula. It is a massive village with multiple occupations. When it was occupied 400 BCE-100 CE, it was the largest village in the Arctic with an estimated 1000 people. It also has limited occupations dated 2200-1700 BCE, 1000-600 BCE, and 900-1100 CE. The Western Alaska Peninsula artifacts are presented as a result of the research conducted under grants NSF 9630072, NSF 9814086, NSF 9996372, NSF 9996415, NSF 1139266, NSF 1321411. H. Maschner, Principal Investigator. These artifacts were scanned with either a Faro Edge Arm or a Minolta Vivid 9i. Processed in Geomagic or Polyworks. 2-8 photos were used for texture in Geomagic Wrap. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing and publication completed at Global Digital Heritage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Supplementary material 5 from: Williamson TE, Brusatte SL, Wilson GP (2014) The origin and early evolution of metatherian mammals: the Cretaceous record. ZooKeys 465: 1-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.465.8178
Data used to calculate taxonomic richness for Metatherian shown in Figure 15.: Explanation note: Data used to calculate taxonomic richness for Metatheria shown in Figure 15.
Supplementary material 4 from: Williamson TE, Brusatte SL, Wilson GP (2014) The origin and early evolution of metatherian mammals: the Cretaceous record. ZooKeys 465: 1-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.465.8178
Temporal ranges of Cretaceous metatherian taxa used to calculate taxonomic richness of Metatheria.: Explanation note: Temporal ranges of Cretaceous metatherian taxa used to calculate taxonomic richness of Metatheria (Suppl. material 5). Data were compiled from the Paleobiology Database (PBDB; http: //fossilworks.org/?a=home), Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (2004), Woodburne et al. (2004), Williamson et al. (2012), Tables 3–4, and based on the timescale of Ogg et al. (2004).
Supplementary material 3 from: Williamson TE, Brusatte SL, Wilson GP (2014) The origin and early evolution of metatherian mammals: the Cretaceous record. ZooKeys 465: 1-76. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.465.8178
Characters in common on the most parsimonious trees diagnosing the nodes on the strict consensus tree in Figure 6.: Explanation note: Characters in common on the most parsimonious trees diagnosing the selected nodes on the strict consensus tree resulting from the analysis run with characters ordered.
Figure S3 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S3 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S2 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S2 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S4 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S4 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S1 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
Figure S1 from: Silva M, Di-Nizo C, Neves C, Fernando Vilela J (2014) New karyologycal data and cytotaxonomic considerations on small mammals from Santa Virgínia (Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Atlantic Forest, Brazil). Comparative Cytogenetics 8(1): 11-30. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.v8i1.6430
FIGURE 3 in A new subgenus of hard ticks, Filippoviella n. subgen. (Acari: Ixodidae) comprising Ixodes trianguliceps Birula, 1895 and I. ghilarovi Filippova & Panova, 1988, parasites of small mammals in Europe and Asia
FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree inferred from the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the nuclear small and large ribosomal subunits (18S and 28S) of 8 ticks, including representatives of 7 of the 23 subgenera of Ixodes. The numbers above the branches indicate Bayesian Inference posterior probability supports inferred by MrBayes.
FIGURE 2 in A new subgenus of hard ticks, Filippoviella n. subgen. (Acari: Ixodidae) comprising Ixodes trianguliceps Birula, 1895 and I. ghilarovi Filippova & Panova, 1988, parasites of small mammals in Europe and Asia
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic tree inferred from the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 10 protein-coding genes of the mitochondrial genomes of 35 ticks, including representatives of 17 of the 23 subgenera of Ixodes. The numbers above the branches indicate Bayesian Inference posterior probability supports inferred by MrBayes and the numbers below the branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap support inferred by RAxML.
FIGURE 1 in A new subgenus of hard ticks, Filippoviella n. subgen. (Acari: Ixodidae) comprising Ixodes trianguliceps Birula, 1895 and I. ghilarovi Filippova & Panova, 1988, parasites of small mammals in Europe and Asia
FIGURE 1. Mitochondrial genome of Ixodes (Filippoviella) trianguliceps. Protein coding genes are in green, tRNAs are in pink, rRNAs are in red, and the control region is in blue. Protein-coding genes are labelled with their four-character abbreviations, tRNAs are labelled with their one-letter amino-acid abbreviations and the control region is labelled as CR. The size of the mitogenome is indicated in brackets
Data for "Anthropogenic linear features exhibit greater mammal activity relative to surrounding game trails in a woody savanna"
<p>Code and data investigating mammal use of anthropogenic linear features relative to game trails in South Africa. </p> <p>Article is titled "Anthropogenic linear features exhibit greater mammal activity relative to surrounding game trails in a woody savanna".</p>
On the study of fauna (macroinvertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) of the lower course of Shokhdara river valley in Pamir, Mountain Bodakhshan, Tajikistan.Appendices. Lists of terrestrial vertebrates recorded in the field survey at the Shokhdara and Panj Rivers
<p><strong><span>Appendix</span><span> 1. A list of records of batracho- and herpetofauna in the field survey.<br><span>Appendix 2.</span> List of avifauna of the surveyed region.<br><span>Appendix 3<span> A</span><span> list of mammals recorded in the field survey.</span></span></span></strong></p>
Figure 2 in Bone histology of the Late Pleistocene Prolagus sardus (Lagomorpha: Mammalia) provides further insights into life-history strategy of insular giant small mammals
Figure 2. Bone histology of Ochotona specimens. A–C, Oc. dauurica. A, MSB 215940 (juvenile) showing a cortex formed by FLC and WB. B, MSB 215680 (young adult), with abundant SVs in the outer cortex. Note that microorganisms attacked this region, hiding bone tissues. C, MSB 215953 (adult) with FLC sandwiched between ICL and a scarce LB layer. Note the strong RL (black arrowhead). D, Oc. collaris UAM 63937 (adult), with an extensive deposition of PFB and clear RL (black arrowhead) splitting it from FLC. Notice the presence of one LAG (white arrowhead). E, F, Oc. princeps. E, UAM 35060 (adult), anterior region with PFB surrounded by a FLC full of SOs. F, UAM 113936 (adult), with detail of the PFB region, showing four LAGs (white arrowheads). For abbreviations, see the text. Scale bars equals 100 μm.
Figure 1 in Bone histology of the Late Pleistocene Prolagus sardus (Lagomorpha: Mammalia) provides further insights into life-history strategy of insular giant small mammals
Figure 1. Bone histology of P. sardus specimens. A, B, R129 (juvenile, 0 LAG) showing the anterior region (A) formed by FLC with SVs and POs, and posterior one (B) where a nonCGM was identified (arrowhead). C, GD52 (juvenile, 0 LAG), medial region showing early external deposition of PFB with some SVs. In the inner cortex, WB is visible, as well as FLC with POs and SVs. D, R000 (juvenile, one LAG), posterior region with FLC sandwiched between the ICL and the outer cortex of LB (reversed image). E, R136 (young adult) showing two LAGs (arrowheads). F, A17 (young adult) with three LAGs (arrowheads). G, R30 (juvenile, two LAGs), detail of the lateral region with SOs
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.