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FIGURE 8 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 8. Urocardiac ossicles of Uca tangeri (A, NCHUZOOL 13655, CW 26.9 mm, ♂), U. stylifera (B, NCHUZOOL 13578, CW 21.9 mm, ♂), U. acuta (C, NCHUZOOL 13665, CW 19.0 mm, ♂), U. lactea (D, NCHUZOOL 13213, CW 15.4 mm, ♂), U. tetragonon (E, NCHUZOOL 13666, CW 17.0 mm, ♀), and U. vocans (F, NCHUZOOL 13667, CW 20.2 mm, ♂). A, B, E, F, scale = 10 mm; C, D, scale = 5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 4. Carapaces of Uca formosensis and other species with similar morphology. A, U. formosensis (NCHUZOOL 13672, CW 29.6 mm, left-handed; modified from Shih et al. 1999); B, U. bellator (NCHUZOOL 13653, CW 18.7 mm, lefthanded); C, U. seismella (USNM 137666, holotype, CW 13.0 mm, right-handed; modified from Crane 1975); D. U. polita (USNM 137667, holotype, CW 22.5 mm, right-handed; modified from Crane 1975); E, U. arcuata (NCHUZOOL 13660, CW 38.2 mm, left-handed); F, U. urvillei (NCHUZOOL 13661, CW 30.1 mm, left-handed); G, U. tetragonon (NCHUZOOL 13664, CW 18.3 mm, right-handed); H, U. jocelynae (NMNS 6177-001, holotype, CW 21.7 mm, right-handed).

FIGURE 7 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 7. Urocardiac ossicle of Uca formosensis. A, B, D, NCHUZOOL 13668 (CW 33.1 mm, ♂); C, NCHUZOOL 13669 (CW 14.2 mm, ♀); E, NCHUZOOL 13670 (CW 26.2 mm, ♀).

FIGURE 3 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 3. Uca formosensis, ♂ from Haishangu, Hsinchu, Taiwan (NCHUZOOL 13673, CW 27.9 mm), A, dorsal view; B, frontal view showing the right major chela.

FIGURE 6 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 6. Uca formosensis, male right first gonopod (G1) (NCHUZOOL 13671, CW 33.0 mm). A, B, C, scale = 500 Μm; D, E, scale = 1 mm.

FIGURE 2. Uca formosensis. A, B in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 2. Uca formosensis. A, B, holotype (USNM 54472, CW 28.8 mm) recognized by Crane (1975); C, D, a paratype specimen (USNM 54472, CW 27.6 mm); E, F, ♀ from Haishangu, Hsinchu (NCHUZOOL 13849, CW 32.2 mm), showing the tuberculate swelling on carapace behind right dorsolateral margin (arrowed) (E) and left minor chela (F); G, ♂ from Cigu, Tainan (NCHUZOOL 13907, CW 31.8 mm) showing the left minor chela. E, F, G, scale = 5 mm.

FIGURE 9. A in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 9. A Bayesian inference (BI) tree of Xeruca subgen. nov. and other related subgenera, based on the combined 16S rDNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit I genes (COI) and 28S rDNA. See Table 1 for details of the specimens. Probability values at the nodes represent support values for BI and maximum likelihood (ML).

FIGURE 1 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 1. Updated distributional records of Uca formosensis of Shih et al. (1999). Black squares (⋅) (and gray area) and place names in boldface represent habitats with substantial number of individuals; empty squares (D) and place names in normal font represent habitats with none or few individuals, although the species was formerly recorded from these locations.

FIGURE 5 in Uca (Xeruca), a new subgenus for the Taiwanese fiddler crab Uca formosensis Rathbun, 1921 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

FIGURE 5. Major chelipeds of Uca formosensis and other species with similar morphology. A, U. formosensis (NCHUZOOL 13672, CW 29.6 mm; modified from Shih et al. 1999); B, U. longidigitum (NCHUZOOL 13656, CW 16.7 mm); C, U. bellator (NCHUZOOL 13653, CW 18.7 mm); D, U. princeps (SMF 13164, CW 36.5 mm).

FIGURE 7 in Phanoceroides Hinton, 1939: description of new species, morphology of larvae, and revised taxonomic position of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae) based on molecular evidence

FIGURE 7. Maximum likelihood tree. Blue lineage—Hypsilara, green lineage—Phanoceroides. Disersus, Pseudodisersus, Hexanchorus, Phanocerus—Larainae genera. Stegoelmis, Hexacylloepus, Microcylloepus, Gyrelmis, Austrelmis, Heterelmis— Elminae genera. Numbers above branches represent bootstrap support.

FIGURE 3 in Phanoceroides Hinton, 1939: description of new species, morphology of larvae, and revised taxonomic position of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae) based on molecular evidence

FIGURE 3. SEM photos of Phanoceroides fernandesi sp. n.: a) left antenna; b–c) antennal club; d) pronotum; e) prosternum and mesoventrite; f) scutellum and elytral setae; g) punctures of metaventrite; h) protarsus; i) same, detail of claws and empodium; j) cleaning fringe of protibia; k) femur; l) abdomen, ventral view; m) abdomen, dorsal view; n–o) plastron setae on abdominal segments.

FIGURE 6 in Phanoceroides Hinton, 1939: description of new species, morphology of larvae, and revised taxonomic position of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae) based on molecular evidence

FIGURE 6. SEM photos of larvae of Phanoceroides: a–b) habitus, dorsal view; c–d) antenna; e–f) head and anterior part of prothorax; g) labrum; h) maxillae and labium; i) mandible; j) prothorax, ventral view; k) meso-, metathorax and abdomen, ventral view; l–m) ventral operculum; n–p) sensilla of ventral side; q) bifurcated sensilla of dorsal side; r) scales between sclerites, dorsal side. (P. aquaticus: a, c, e, g, h, i, l, q, n, p; P. fernandesi sp. n.: b, d, f, j, k, m, o, r).

FIGURE 5 in Phanoceroides Hinton, 1939: description of new species, morphology of larvae, and revised taxonomic position of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae) based on molecular evidence

FIGURE 5. Type locality of Phanoceroides fernandesi sp. n., Caño Coromoto above Tobogan de la Selva camp site, near Puerto Ayacucho, Amazonas state, Venezuela.

FIGURE 4 in Phanoceroides Hinton, 1939: description of new species, morphology of larvae, and revised taxonomic position of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae) based on molecular evidence

FIGURE 4. Phanoceroides fernandesi sp. n.: a) aedeagus dorsal view; b) aedeagus, ventral view; c) ovipositor; d) SEM photo of apex of penis; e) SEM photo of apex of ovipositor. Scale (a–c): 0.1mm.

FIGURE 2 in Phanoceroides Hinton, 1939: description of new species, morphology of larvae, and revised taxonomic position of the genus (Coleoptera: Elmidae) based on molecular evidence

FIGURE 2. SEM photos of Phanoceroides fernandesi sp. n.: a) head dorso-lateral view; b) upper margin of right eye; c) labrum; d) right maxilla, dorsal view; e) left maxilla, ventral view; f) galea, ventral view; g) galea, dorsal view; h) left mandible, dorsal view; i) prostheca; j) left mandible, inner basal angle; k) mandible, ventral condyle; l) labium; m) lateral sensilla of second segment of labial palp; n) ventral sensilla of second segment of labial palp; o–p) terminal segment of labial palp with sensory field.

FIGURE 4 in Parapercis lutevittata, a new cryptic species of Parapercis (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae), from the western Pacific based on morphological evidence and DNA barcoding

FIGURE 4. Comparisons of coloration between (A) Parapercis lutevittata, ASIZP0071627, holotype, 135 mm SL and (B) P. sexfasciata, ASIZP0071631, 142.7 mm SL. a- a large dark-brown blotch and several small black dots vs. a big deep-brown or black blotch on base of pectoral fin; b- absence vs. presence of black spots on base of dorsal fin ray membrane; c- yellow dotted strip midlaterally on body vs. yellow dotted lines from lower left running obliquely to upper right; d- presence vs. absence of scattered black dots on and between V-shaped transverse bands along sides of body.

FIGURE 2 in Parapercis lutevittata, a new cryptic species of Parapercis (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae), from the western Pacific based on morphological evidence and DNA barcoding

FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Parapercis lutevittata based on specimens from Japan (solid circles) and Taiwan, including holotype and paratype (solid triangles); and other specimens (open triangles). One additional record from Nha Trang, Vietnam (solid star, data from Prokofiev, 2008).

FIGURE 1 in Parapercis lutevittata, a new cryptic species of Parapercis (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae), from the western Pacific based on morphological evidence and DNA barcoding

FIGURE 1. Holotype of Parapercis lutevittata sp. nov., ASIZP0071627, 135 mm SL, male, from Tashi, Ilan County, northeastern Taiwan. (A) Fresh condition; (B) preserved condition in alcohol.

FIGURE 5 in Parapercis lutevittata, a new cryptic species of Parapercis (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae), from the western Pacific based on morphological evidence and DNA barcoding

FIGURE 5. Neighbour-joining tree of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO I or COX I) sequences of Parapercis lutevittata and P. sexfasciata. 10,000 bootstrap replications.