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1,356 results for “Human Activities”
Data from: Human activities and landscape features interact to closely define the distribution and dispersal of an urban commensal.
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A phenotypic screening platform utilising human spermatozoa identifies compounds with contraceptive activity
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Magnetic resonance imaging reveals human brown adipose tissue is rapidly activated in response to cold
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Data from: Assessing the effects of human activities on the foraging opportunities of migratory shorebirds in Austral high-latitude bays
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Differential response of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys to climate change and human activities
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Data from: Combining correlative and mechanistic niche models with human activity data to elucidate the invasive potential of a sub-Antarctic insect
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A digital archive of human activity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica from 1902 to present
Over the last half century, the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) of East Antarctica have become a globally important site for scientific research and environmental monitoring. Historical data can make important contributions to current research activities and environmental management in Antarctica, but tend to be widely scattered and difficult to access. We address this need in the MDV by compiling over 5,000 historical photographs, sketches, maps, oral interviews, publications, and other archival resources into an online digital archive. The data have been digitized and georeferenced using a standardized metadata structure, which enables intuitive searches and data discovery via an online interface. The ultimate aim of the archive is to create as comprehensive as possible a record of human activity in the MDV to support ongoing research, management, and conservation efforts. This is a valuable tool for scientists seeking to understand the dynamics of change in lakes, glaciers, and other physical systems, as well as humanistic inquire into the history of the Southern continent. In addition to providing benchmarks for understanding change over time, the data can help target field sampling for studies working under the assumption of a pristine landscape by enabling researchers to identify the date and extent of past human activities. The full database is accessible via the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research site: http://mcmurdohistory.lternet.edu/.
Smartphone Gyroscope and Accelerometer Dataset for Human Activity Recognition
<p>This dataset is from a study in which we collected smartphone accelerometer and gyroscope data of four subjects while they performed various activities. Two iPhone smartphones were used, with one in the front pants pocket and the other in the back pants pocket. The datasets have been annotated with ground truth activity labels based on video footage. The study procedure is described in our paper: </p> <p>Huang, E.J. and Onnela, J.P. Augmented Movelet Method for Activity Classification Using Smartphone Gyroscope and Accelerometer Data. Sensors 2020, 20, 3706.</p>
Hippocampal Representation of Threat Features and Behavior in a Human Approach-Avoidance Conflict Anxiety Task: Unthresholded SPM Activation Maps
<p>This dataset includes group-level results from multifold parametric analyses of a high-resolution fMRI approach-avoidance conflict anxiety task (n = 19). SPM Results are divided in primary analyses using a 8 mm FWHM smoothing kernel, and secondary (localization) anaylses using a 4 mm FWHM kernel.</p> <p>Parametric modulators of BOLD activation were set up with serial orthogonalization in the following order: P1: TP, TM, TP x TM P2: A, TP, TM, A x TP, A x TM, TP x TM, A x TP x TM P3: Two separate analyses for approach and avoidance trials. Order of modulators as in P1.</p> <p>Abbreviations: TP = threat probability TM = threat magnitude A = action (approach / avoidance)</p> <p>The study is reported in the following reference: Abivardi A.*<em>, </em>Khemka S.*, Bach D.R. (2020) Hippocampal Representation of Threat Features and Behavior in a Human Approach-Avoidance Conflict Anxiety Task (accepted for publication in Journal of Neuroscience)</p> <p>Citation for this dataset: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893443">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893443</a>.</p>
Figure 2 from: Ilieva V, Kondeva-Burdina M, Georgieva T (2020) In vitro analysis of the activity of human monoamine oxidase type B (hMAOB), treated with the cyanotoxin anatoxin-a: supposed factor of neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacia 67(2): 111-114. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e50806
Figure 2 Results from hMAOB activity, treated with anatoxin-a. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001 vs control (pure hMAOB).
Data from: Speed dependency in α-motoneuron activity and locomotor modules in human locomotion: indirect evidence for phylogenetically conserved spinal circuits
Coordinated locomotor muscle activity is generated by the spinal central pattern generators (CPGs). Vertebrate studies have demonstrated the following two characteristics of the speed control mechanisms of the spinal CPGs: (i) rostral segment activation is indispensable for achieving high-speed locomotion; and (ii) specific combinations between spinal interneuronal modules and motoneuron (MN) pools are sequentially activated with increasing speed. Here, to investigate whether similar control mechanisms exist in humans, we examined spinal neural activity during varied-speed locomotion by mapping the distribution of MN activity in the spinal cord and extracting locomotor modules, which generate basic MN activation patterns. The MN activation patterns and the locomotor modules were analysed from multi-muscle electromyographic recordings. The reconstructed MN activity patterns were divided into the following three patterns depending on the speed of locomotion: slow walking, fast walking and running. During these three activation patterns, the proportion of the activity in rostral segments to that in caudal segments increased as locomotion speed increased. Additionally, the different MN activation patterns were generated by distinct combinations of locomotor modules. These results are consistent with the speed control mechanisms observed in vertebrates, suggesting phylogenetically conserved spinal mechanisms of neural control of locomotion.
Data from: Chronic exposure of Hawaii Island spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) to human activities
Habitat selection is strongly influenced by spatial variations in habitat quality and predation risk. Repeated exposure of wildlife to anthropogenic activities in important habitats may affect habitat selection, leading to negative biological consequences. We quantified the cumulative human exposure of a small, genetically-isolated and behaviourally-constrained spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) population, off Hawaii Island, and exposure effects on their daytime cumulative activity budget. Dolphins were exposed to human activities within 100m for 82.7% of the daytime, with a median duration of 10 min between exposure events. Individual dolphins spent on average 61.7% (SD=6.5) of their daytime resting. Of their total rest time, >90% occurred inside sheltered bays. Despite high levels of human exposure, we did not observe an effect on dolphin resting behaviour. The short intervals between exposure events likely prevent dolphins from returning to a natural resting state before the next event. Consequently, 'control' observations may represent a resting behaviour of a more vigilant nature. Chronic levels of exposure to human activities could lead to rest deprivation, displacement from preferred resting habitats and ultimately negative population level effects. These results have implications for new proposed legislation aiming to reduce dolphin exposure to human activities.
Data from: Grizzly bear response to spatio-temporal variability in human recreational activity.
1. Outdoor recreation on trail networks is a growing form of disturbance for wildlife. However, few studies have examined behavioural responses by large carnivores to motorised and non-motorised recreational activity-- a knowledge gap that has implications for the success of human access management aimed at improving habitat quality for wildlife. 2. We used an integrated step-selection analysis of grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) radiotelemetry data and a spatio-temporal model of motorised and non-motorised human recreational activity to examine the effect of human recreational activity along trails on both habitat selection and movement behaviour of individual bears. Grizzly bears were captured and radiocollared in the west-central Alberta Rocky Mountains and Foothills, and trail cameras were deployed on trails to obtain data on human recreational activity. 3. We found that models including data on recreational activity outperformed trail-proximity models when interactions with movement covariates were included. Responses were highly variable among individuals, and across classes; males, females and females with cubs. 4. Male and solitary female grizzly bears increased avoidance of trails with a high probability of motorised activity, as well as displaying increased movement rates in response to motorised recreation. Females with cubs did not increase avoidance, however they had the largest response with higher movement rates. In contrast, for all classes selection for proximity to trail increased when probability of non-motorised activity was high, and the effect on movement was dampened relative to the motorised response. 5. Synthesis and applications. By combining selection and movement into a unified modelling framework, we show that bears alter selection and movement behaviour in response to trails and recreation, and that such responses are determined by the type of recreational activity. Reduced selection and increased movement in proximity to motorised trails could affect bears' ability to exploit foraging opportunities in these areas. Future access management actions for grizzly bear recovery should consider frequency and type of linear feature use by humans rather than solely relying on thresholds relating to feature densities.
Keypoints extracted from custom videos, collected for human activity recognition project
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Figure 4 from: Shkondrov A, Kondeva-Burdina M, Stambolov I, Krasteva I (2024) Activity of an oleanane-type tritrepenoid saponin from A. glycyphyllos on human recombinant MAO enzymes. Pharmacia 71: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e114786
Figure 4 Effect of Sg and Selegiline (at concentrations of 0.050, 0.250, 0.500, 0.750, and 1 μM) on human recombinant MAOA enzyme (hMAOB) activity. ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001 vs. control (pure hMAOB).
Figure 3 from: Shkondrov A, Kondeva-Burdina M, Stambolov I, Krasteva I (2024) Activity of an oleanane-type tritrepenoid saponin from A. glycyphyllos on human recombinant MAO enzymes. Pharmacia 71: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e114786
Figure 3 Effect of Sg and Chlorgyline (at concentrations of 0.050, 0.250, 0.500, 0.750, and 1 μM) on the activity (%) of human recombinant MAOA enzyme (hMAOA). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001 vs. control (pure hMAOA).
Supplementary material 3 from: Podwysocki K, Desiderato A, Mamos T, Rewicz T, Grabowski M, Konopacka A, Bącela-Spychalska K (2024) Recent invasion of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Masurian Lakeland associated with human leisure activities. NeoBiota 90: 161-192. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.109221
Results of PERMANCOVA test using 9999 permutations
Supplementary material 4 from: Podwysocki K, Desiderato A, Mamos T, Rewicz T, Grabowski M, Konopacka A, Bącela-Spychalska K (2024) Recent invasion of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Masurian Lakeland associated with human leisure activities. NeoBiota 90: 161-192. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.109221
Supplementary image
Supplementary material 2 from: Podwysocki K, Desiderato A, Mamos T, Rewicz T, Grabowski M, Konopacka A, Bącela-Spychalska K (2024) Recent invasion of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Masurian Lakeland associated with human leisure activities. NeoBiota 90: 161-192. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.109221
Summary of the best-fitting Bernoulli GLMM for the presence of native gammarid – Gammarus lacustris
Supplementary material 1 from: Podwysocki K, Desiderato A, Mamos T, Rewicz T, Grabowski M, Konopacka A, Bącela-Spychalska K (2024) Recent invasion of Ponto-Caspian amphipods in the Masurian Lakeland associated with human leisure activities. NeoBiota 90: 161-192. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.90.109221
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.