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381 results for “Ilex”
FIGURE 1 in Prochetostoma expandens (Diptera: Tephritidae) sp. n., a fruit parasite of Ilex integra Thunberg (Aquifoliaceae) in Japan
FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Prochetostoma expandens. Arrow indicates the locality of the study site for investigation of life history.
FIGURE 8 in Prochetostoma expandens (Diptera: Tephritidae) sp. n., a fruit parasite of Ilex integra Thunberg (Aquifoliaceae) in Japan
FIGURE 8. Fruits of Ilex integra, infested by larvae of Prochetostoma expandens. a, A fresh fruit with infestation; b, a first instar larva burrowing under the skin of fruit; c, second instar larva burrowing wall tissues among seeds; d, mature third instar larva and heavily infested fruit.
FIGURE 7 in Prochetostoma expandens (Diptera: Tephritidae) sp. n., a fruit parasite of Ilex integra Thunberg (Aquifoliaceae) in Japan
FIGURE 7. Third instar larva of Prochetostoma expandens (Pc.3L01). a, caudal segment, posterior view; b, medial intermediate tubercle of caudal segment; c, left spiracular plate, posterior view; d, anal lobe, ventral view. Abbreviations. dt, dorsal tubercle; e, ecdysial scar; i, interspiracular process; lt, lateral tubercle; lit, lateral intermediate tubercle; mit, medial intermediate tubercle; s, stelex sensillum of medial lobe; p, papillar sesillum of lateral lobe.
FIGURE 6 in Prochetostoma expandens (Diptera: Tephritidae) sp. n., a fruit parasite of Ilex integra Thunberg (Aquifoliaceae) in Japan
FIGURE 6. Third instar larva of Prochetostoma expandens (Pc.3L01). a, Cephalic segment, anterolateral view; b, sensory organs on left cephalic lobe, anterior view; c, left anterior spiracle, dorsal view; d, left lateral spinules on anterior margin of T1. Abbreviations. d, hemispherical dome of cephalic lobe; k1–2, knob sensilla; m, modified papilla sensillum; p, papilla sensillum of dorsolateral group; p1–3, papilla sensilla of distal group.
FIGURE 5 in Prochetostoma expandens (Diptera: Tephritidae) sp. n., a fruit parasite of Ilex integra Thunberg (Aquifoliaceae) in Japan
FIGURE 5. Third instar larva of Prochetostoma expandens (Pc.3L02). a, Body, left lateral view; b, cephalopharyngeal skeleton, left lateral view.
Predicting the Habitat Suitability of Ilex verticillata in China with Field-Test Validations
<p><span>The cut branches of </span><em><span>Ilex verticillata</span></em> <span>are highly ornamental and have high economic value. Since its introduction to China, it has received widespread attention. In the context of climate change today, ensuring its promotion and sustainable production in China is of great significance. In this study, the MaxEnt</span> <span>(</span>maximum entropy<span>)</span> <span>model was used, combined with climate and soil variables, to assess the impact of climate change on its potential suitable habitat. We used 5430 </span><em><span>I</span></em><em><span>.</span></em><em> <span>verticillata</span></em> <span>occurrence data and validated the model prediction using extensive field testing (12 test sites located in areas from 23.19</span><span>°</span> <span>N to 42.91</span><span>°</span> <span>N and 76.17</span><span>°</span> <span>E to 125.14</span><span>°</span> <span>E). The habitat suitability model (AUC = 0.854) performed excellently. Among them, three precipitation variables and one temperature variable were the main factors determining the distribution of </span><em><span>I</span></em><em><span>.</span></em><em> <span>verticillata</span></em> <span>in China. Field trial tests and model predictions of the suitability of </span><em><span>I</span></em><em><span>.</span></em><em> <span>verticillata</span></em> <span>were consistent, indicating that our model predictions are biologically meaningful and economically valuable. Under the representative concentration pathway </span>shared socioeconomic pathways <span>(</span><span>SSP</span>) <span>climate change scenarios, the high and medium suitable habitats for this species will be reduced in the future climate. This study helps to better understand the impact of climate change on </span><em><span>I</span></em><em><span>.</span></em><em> <span>verticillata</span></em> <span>and provides suggestions for the introduction and cultivation areas and protection of this species in China.</span></p>
Ilex opaca (Aquifoliaceae) - bark
Image of Ilex opaca (Aquifoliaceae) - bark
Ilex opaca (Aquifoliaceae) - whole tree (or vine) - general
Image of Ilex opaca (Aquifoliaceae) - whole tree (or vine) - general
Ilex_aquifolium
<p>Ilex_aquifolium occurence points</p>
Dataset for: Interactive effects of tree species composition and water availability on growth and direct and indirect defences in Quercus ilex
<p>Plant diversity has often been reported to decrease insect herbivory in plants. Of the numerous mechanisms that have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, how plant diversity influences plant defences via effects on growth has received little attention. In addition, plant diversity effects may be contingent on abiotic conditions (e.g., resource and water availability). Here, we used a long-term experiment to explore the interactive effects of tree species composition and water availability on growth, direct (i.e. phenolics) and indirect (i.e. Volatile Organic Compounds – VOCs) defences and leaf herbivory in <em>Quercus ilex</em>. We quantified herbivory by chewing insects, phenolic compounds and VOCs in <em>Q. ilex</em> trees growing in stands differing in tree species composition (<em>Q. ilex</em>, <em>Q. ilex</em> + <em>Betula Pendula</em>, <em>Q. ilex</em> + <em>Pinus pinaster</em> and <em>Q. ilex</em> + <em>B. pendula</em> + <em>P. pinaster</em>) and water availability (irrigated vs control). Both direct and indirect defences were affected by tree species composition, but such changes were not mediated by changes in tree stem diameter. <em>Q. ilex</em> trees growing in stands with <em>P. pinaster</em> had the lowest concentration of both direct and indirect defences. Importantly, the effects of tree species composition on VOCs were exacerbated on irrigated blocks. Despite variation in defences, tree species composition did not affect herbivory in <em>Q. ilex</em>. Accordingly, we did not find any association between defences and insect herbivory. Our results suggest that changes in the micro-environment rather than growth-defence associations may mediate tree diversity effects on defences. In addition, reduced defensive investment in more diverse stands could negatively impact tree resistance masking the beneficial effects of species diversity at reducing insect herbivory.</p>
Potential and realized distribution at 30m for Holm oak (Quercus ilex) in Europe for 2000 - 2020
<p>Probability and uncertainty maps showing the potential and realized distribution for the holm oak (<em>Quercus ilex L.</em>) for Europe from the dataset prepared by <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5818021">Bonannella et al. (2022)</a> and predicted using Ensemble Machine Learning (EML). Potential distribution map cover the period 2018 - 2020; realized distribution cover the period 2000 - 2020, split in the following time periods:</p> <ul> <li>2000 - 2002,</li> <li>2002 - 2006,</li> <li>2006 - 2010,</li> <li>2010 - 2014,</li> <li>2014 - 2018,</li> <li>2018 - 2020.</li> </ul> <p>Files are named according to the following naming convention, e.g:</p> <ul> <li>veg_quercus.ilex_anv.eml_md_30m_0..0cm_2000..2002_eumap_epsg3035_v0.3</li> </ul> <p>with the following fields:</p> <ul> <li>theme: e.g. <strong>veg</strong>,</li> <li>species code: e.g. <strong>quercus.ilex</strong>,</li> <li>species distribution type: e.g. <strong>anv</strong> (= actual natural vegetation),</li> <li>species estimation method: e.g. <strong>eml</strong>,</li> <li>species estimation type: e.g. <strong>md</strong> ( = model deviation),</li> <li>resolution in meters e.g. <strong>30m</strong>,</li> <li>reference depths (vertical dimension): e.g. <strong>0..0cm</strong>,</li> <li>reference period begin end: e.g. <strong>2000..2002</strong>,</li> <li>reference area: e.g. <strong>eumap</strong>,</li> <li>coordinate system: e.g. <strong>epsg3035</strong>,</li> <li>data set version: e.g. <strong>v0.3</strong>.</li> </ul> <p>For each species is then easy to identify probability and uncertainty distribution maps:</p> <ul> <li>veg_quercus.ilex_<strong>anv</strong>.eml_<strong>md</strong>: model uncertainty for realized distribution</li> <li>veg_quercus.ilex_<strong>anv</strong>.eml_<strong>p</strong>: probability for realized distribution</li> <li>veg_quercus.ilex_<strong>pnv</strong>.eml_<strong>md</strong>: model uncertainty for potential distribution</li> <li>veg_quercus.ilex_<strong>pnv</strong>.eml_<strong>p</strong>: probability for potential distribution</li> </ul> <p>Files are provided as <a href="https://gdal.org/drivers/raster/cog.html">Cloud Optimized GeoTIFFs</a> and projected in the Coordinate Reference System ETRS89 / LAEA Europe (= EPSG code 3035). Styling files are provided in both <em>SLD</em> and <em>QML</em> format.</p> <p>If you would like to know more about the creation of the maps and the modeling:</p> <ul> <li><strong>watch</strong> the talk at Open Data Science Workshop 2021 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5446/55256">TIB AV-PORTAL</a>)</li> <li><strong>access </strong>the repository with our R/Python scripts and follow the instructions (<a href="https://gitlab.com/geoharmonizer_inea/spatial-layers/-/tree/master/veg_mapping">GitLab</a>)</li> <li><strong>access </strong>the repository with the training dataset (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5818021">Zenodo</a>)</li> <li><strong>read </strong>the tutorial with executable code on our <a href="https://opengeohub.github.io/spatial-prediction-eml/spatiotemporal-ml.html#spatiotemporal-distribution-of-fagus-sylvatica">GitBook</a></li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>A publication describing, in detail, all processing steps, accuracy assessment and general analysis of species distribution maps is available on <a href="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13728">PeerJ</a>. To suggest any improvement/fix use <a href="https://gitlab.com/geoharmonizer_inea/spatial-layers/-/issues">https://gitlab.com/geoharmonizer_inea/spatial-layers/-/issues</a></p>
FIGURE 7 in Two eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) associated with Ilex paraguariensis from Brazil
FIGURE 7. Dichopelmus notus: A—View of prodorsum shield; B—Genital cover flap; C—View of opisthosoma showing microtubercle pattern. Scale bars: A, B and C = 20 µm
FIGURE 4. Diptilostatus chimarricus n in Two eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) associated with Ilex paraguariensis from Brazil
FIGURE 4. Diptilostatus chimarricus n. sp.: A—View of Prodorsum shield; B—Setae antaxial genual setae (l″) on large tubercle (white arrow); C—Genital cover flap. Scale bars: A, B and C = 20 µm
FIGURE 3. Diptilostatus chimarricus n in Two eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) associated with Ilex paraguariensis from Brazil
FIGURE 3. Diptilostatus chimarricus n. sp.: L—lateral habitus of female; L1—Leg I; L2—Leg II; IGF—internal genital structures of female.
FIGURE 1 in Two eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) associated with Ilex paraguariensis from Brazil
FIGURE 1. Arrow shows dark, brownish rust-colored spots, which is damage commonly caused by Dichopelmus notus.
FIGURE 6 in A taxonomical revision of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) in the Pan-Himalaya and unraveling its distribution patterns
FIGURE 6. Photographs of pyrenes of Ilex rotunda Thunberg showing the dorsal side. a–e, The pyrenes smooth or obscurely striate, esulcate. a, from Tengchong, SW Yunnan; b, from Lincang, SW Yunnan; c, from Luchuan, C Yunnan; d, from Huili, S Sichuan; e, from Qingzhen, C Guizhou. f–l, The pyrenes distinctly 3-striate, 2-sulcate. f, from Fangjing Shan, NE Guizhou; g, from Yanshan, SE Yunnan; h, from Pingbian, SE Yunnan; i, from Xichou, SE Yunnan; j, from Fangcheng, S Guangxi; k, from Taiwan; l, from Japan. Scale bar = 0.2 cm.
FIGURE 4. Ilex gansuensis D. Y. Hong, a in A taxonomical revision of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) in the Pan-Himalaya and unraveling its distribution patterns
FIGURE 4. Ilex gansuensis D. Y. Hong, a new species from SE Gansu of China: a. a branch; b. a fruit; c. a pyrene.
FIGURE 1 in A taxonomical revision of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) in the Pan-Himalaya and unraveling its distribution patterns
FIGURE 1. Variation in the number of spines on leaves from a single shoot of Ilex bioritsensis Hayata. The voucher: China, Chongqing, Jinfo Shan, J. H. Xiong & Z. L. Zhou 90574 (PE). a, two spines on each side; b, two on right, while four on left; c, five on right, while four on left. Scale bar = 1 cm.
FIGURE 3. Ilex venusta. A in A new species of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) from Jiangxi Province, China, based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 3. Ilex venusta. A. plant; B. abaxial surface of leaf blade; C. abnormal pyrene caused by abortion; D. normal pyrene. Drawn by L. Jiang.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Ilex (Aquifoliaceae) from Jiangxi Province, China, based on morphological and molecular data
FIGURE 5. Scanning electron micrographs of stomata of I. venusta and I. viridis. A–C, I. venusta; D–F, I. viridis.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.