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Figure 5 in Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Andesaurus delgadoi from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-early Cenomanian) Río Limay Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics

Figure 5. Andesaurus delgadoi. Photographs of caudal vertebra 8 (Cd8) in (A) anterior, (B) dorsal, (C) posterior, (D) left lateral, and (E) right lateral view. Abbreviations: POSL, postspinal lamina; PRSL, prespinal lamina; SPOL, spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; SPRL, spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; VCON, ventral concavity; VLR, ventrolateral ridge. Scale bar: 100 mm.

Figure 3 in Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Andesaurus delgadoi from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-early Cenomanian) Río Limay Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics

Figure 3. Andesaurus delgadoi. Photographs of first caudal vertebra (Cd1) in (A) anterior, (B) posterior, (C) left lateral, and (D) dorsal (anterior surface at top of image) view. Scale bar: 100 mm.

Figure 2 in Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Andesaurus delgadoi from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-early Cenomanian) Río Limay Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics

Figure 2. Andesaurus delgadoi. Photographs of dorsal vertebrae (Dv2) in (A) anterior, (B) right lateral, and (C) posterior view; (D) Dv3–Dv4 in right lateral view. Note that (C) is from a slightly oblique view because the vertebra is still in its field jacket, and so cannot be examined fully perpendicularly. Abbreviations: AL, accessory lamina; CPOL, centropostzygapophyseal lamina; CPRL, centroprezygapophyseal lamina; HYP, hyposphene; LFOR, lateral foramen; LFOS, lateral fossa; PCDL, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; PCPL, posterior centroparapophyseal lamina; PODL, postzygodiapophyseal lamina; POSL, postspinal lamina; PPF, postparapophyseal fossa; PRDL, prezygodiapophyseal lamina; PRSL, prespinal lamina; SPDL, spinodiapophyseal lamina; SPOL, spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; SPRL, spinoprezygapophyseal lamina. Scale bar: 200 mm.

Figure 1 in Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Andesaurus delgadoi from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-early Cenomanian) Río Limay Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics

Figure 1. Map showing the El Chocón locality where the holotype of Andesaurus delgadoi was discovered (marked with a star). Inset map A shows the position of Neuquén Province within Argentina, and map B shows Neuquén Province. The black box within map B represents the area displayed in the main map (figures modified from Calvo, 1999).

Figure 4 in Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) Andesaurus delgadoi from the mid-Cretaceous (Albian-early Cenomanian) Río Limay Formation, Neuquén Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics

Figure 4. Andesaurus delgadoi. Photographs of anterior caudal vertebrae: (A) Cd2 in right lateral view; Cd3 in (B) left lateral, (C) dorsal, (D) anterior, (E) posterior, and (F) ventral views; vf, vascular foramen. Scale bar: 100 mm.

Figure 9 in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 9. Calibrated phylogeny of diplodocoid sauropods. Cross-hatched bars indicate Gondwanan affinities, hollow bars indicate Laurasian. Grey bars indicate 'old world' (Europe/Africa), white bars indicate 'new world' (North/South America). Temporal boundaries based on Gradstein, Ogg & Smith (2004). Palaeogeographical reconstructions below phylogeny illustrate continental connectivity at three key time intervals: the Middle Jurassic (170 Mya), likely time of origin for Diplodocoidea; the Late Jurassic (150 Mya), interval of greatest diversity within Flagellicaudata; and Early Cretaceous (120 Mya), interval of greatest rebbachisaurid diversity. Reconstructions based on Blakey (2006).

Figure 6. Character attribution for the 96 in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 6. Character attribution for the 96 pooled relevant characters. Notice the predominance of two analyses (Wilson, 2002; Upchurch et al., 2004), both of which predate the description of many problematic taxa, and neither of which presents data that resolve the interrelationships of Rebbachisauridae.

Figure 7 in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 7. Phylogenetic hypothesis presented in this analysis. Cladogram represents a strict consensus of three equally parsimonious trees (273 steps), labelled with relevant clade names. Decay indices reported below each node.

Figure 5 in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 5. Shared taxonomic scope and pruned topologies from Wilson (2002) and four recent analyses: Rauhut et al. (2005), Salgado et al. (2006), Harris (2006c), and Sereno et al. (2007).

Figure 4 in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 4. Taxa included in all analyses post-dating 2004, following the recognition of 75% of all currently recognized diplodocoid genera. Grey bars indicate diplodocoid taxa (following the results of this analysis); white bars indicate nondiplodocoids. 50% grey lines and numbers above grey bars indicate the total number of then-recognized diplodocoid taxa.

Figure 2 in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 2. Diplodocoid genera known to science at the beginning of each calendar year. Diplodocid diversity has remained stable, but Dicraeosauridae and Rebbachisauridae have experienced large diversity gains, as have taxa at the base of Diplodocoidea. Classification following the results of this study.

Figure 1. Generalized diplodocoid anatomical features. A, B in A phylogenetic analysis of Diplodocoidea (Saurischia: Sauropoda)

Figure 1. Generalized diplodocoid anatomical features. A, B, reconstructed skull of Diplodocus in dorsal (A) and left lateral (B) views. C, sixth cervical vertebra of Diplodocus carnegii in lateral view. D, twelfth cervical vertebra of D. carnegii in lateral view. E, ninth dorsal vertebra of D. carnegii in lateral view. F, distal caudal vertebrae 49–52, D. carnegii. G, silhouette and skeletal reconstruction of Apatosaurus. A, B and G redrawn and simplified from Wilson & Sereno (1998). G, © Copyright 1998 The Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. Reprinted and distributed with permission of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology. C, D, E redrawn from Holland (1906).

Figure 24 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 24. Photographs and line drawings of the hindlimb elements of Ligabuesaurus leanzai. A–E, right tibia MCF-PVPH-233/18 in anterior (A), lateral (B), posterior (C), proximal (D) and distal (E) views. F–I, proximal epiphysis of the left tibia MCF-PVPH-261/13 in proximal (F), posterior (G), lateral (H) and medial (I) views. J–M, right fibula MCF-PVPH-233/19 in medial (J), anterior (K), proximal (L) and distal (M) views. N, O, proximal epiphysis of the left fibula MCF-PVPH-261/14 in proximal (N) and medial (O) views. Abbreviations: amc, anteromedial crest; amf, anteromedial fossa; ap, anterior process; asap, articular surface for the ascending process; asp, astragal process; at, anterior trochanter; cc, cnemial crest; cf, cnemial fossa; lt, lateral trochanter; mi, insertion surface for muscle iliofibularis; pp, posterior process; tas, tibial articular surface. Scale bars: 10 cm.

Figure 23 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 23. Photographs and line drawings of the femora of Ligabuesaurus leanzai. A–C, right femur MCF-PVPH-233/17 in anterior (A), posterior (B) and distal (C) views. D–G, left femur MCF-PVPH-261/12 in anterior (D), distal (E), posterior (F) and medial (G) views. Abbreviations: ec, epicondyle; fc, fibular condyle; fh, femoral head; ft, fourth trochanter; ftr, femoral trochlea; gt, great trochanter; icf, intracondylar fossa; icg, intracondylar groove; lb, lateral bulge; lic, linea intermuscularis cranialis; tc, tibial condyle. Scale bars: 10 cm.

Figure 22 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 22. Photographs and line drawings of pelvic girdle elements of Ligabuesaurus leanzai. A, left ilium MCF-PVPH-261/08 in lateral view. B–D, proximal half of the right pubis MCF-PVPH-261/10 in lateral (B), proximal (C) and medial (D) views. E, F, proximal half of the left pubis MCF-PVPH-261/09 in lateral (E) and proximal (F) views. G, reconstruction of right pubis in lateral view, assembling the proximal and distal halves MCF-PVPH-261/10 and MCF-PVPH-261/11. H–J, distal half of the right pubis MCF-PVPH-261/11 in anterior (H), lateral (I) and distal (J) views. Abbreviations: acet, acetabulum; am, anterior margin; ias, ischiatic articular surface; ip, ischiatic peduncle; lm, lateral margin; mm, medial margin; of, obturator foramen; poap, postacetabular process; pp, pubic peduncle; prap, preacetabular process. Scale bars: 10 cm.

Figure 20 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 20. Photographs and line drawings of the forelimb elements of Ligabuesaurus leanzai. A–D, left humerus MCF-PVPH-233/10 in anterior (A), proximal (B), distal (C) and posterior (D) views. E, F, distal half of the right humerus MCF-PVPH-233/12 in anterior (E) and distal (F) views. G–I, distal half of the left radius MCF-PVPH-261/07 in posterior (G), distal (H) and lateral (I) views. Abbreviations: ac, accessory condyles; anf, anconeal fossa; das, distal articular surface; dpc, deltopectoral crest; dpf, deltopectoral fossa; hh, humeral head; ltf, lateral triceps fossa; mtf, medial triceps fossa; rc, radial condyle; uas, ulnar articular surface; uc, ulnar condyle. Scale bars: 10 cm.

Figure 19 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 19. Pectoral girdle elements of Ligabuesaurus leanzai. A, Right scapula MCF-PVPH-228/11 in lateral view. B, left scapula MCF-PVPH-233/08 in lateral view. C–E, left coracoid MCF-PVPH-261/05 in lateral (C), distal (D) and medial views (E). F–H, right coracoid MCF-PVPH-261/06 in medial (F), distal (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: af, anterior fossa; ar, acromial ridge; br, attachment surface for muscle biceps brachii; cbb, attachment surface for muscle coracobrachialis brevis; f, coracoid foramen; gl, glenoid; ign, infraglenoid notch; lev sc, attachment surface for levator scapulae; mvp, medioventral process; pf, posterior fossa; scs, scapulocoracoid articular surface; sr, scapular ridge. Scale bars: 10 cm.

Figure 15 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 15. Photograph and line drawings of the mid-posterior dorsal vertebrae MCF-PVPH-233/04 and MCF-PVPH-233/05 of Ligabuesaurus leanzai in left lateral view. Abbreviations: acdl, anterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; acpl, anterior centroparapophyseal lamina; pa, parapophysis; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pcpl, posterior centroparapophyseal lamina; pl, pleurocoel; poz, postzygapophysis; ppdl, parapophysisdiapophyseal lamina; prz, prezygapophysis. Scale bar: 10 cm.

Figure 16 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 16. Photographs and line drawings of the mid-posterior dorsal vertebrae MCF-PVPH-228/03 and MCF-PVPH-228/04 of Ligabuesaurus leanzai in left lateral (A), anterior (B) and posterior (C) views. Abbreviations: acdl, anterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; acpl, anterior centroparapophyseal lamina; cpol, centropostzygapophyseal lamina; hypa, hypantrum; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pcpl, posterior centroparapophyseal lamina; pl, pleurocoel; poz, postzygapophysis; ppdl, parapophysisdiapophyseal lamina; prz, prezygapophysis; spdl, spinodiapophyseal lamina; spol, spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; sprl, spinoprezygapophyseal lamina. Scale bar: 10 cm.

Figure 13 in Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Ligabuesaurus leanzai (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, Patagonia, Argentina

Figure 13. Photographs and line drawings of the anterior dorsal vertebra MCF-PVPH-233/03 of Ligabuesaurus leanzai in anterior (A), posterior (B) and left lateral (C) views. Abbreviations: acdl, anterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; cpol, centropostzygapophyseal lamina; cprl, centroprezygapophyseal lamina; di, diapophysis; lat. sprl, lateral spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; med. sprl, medial spinoprezygapophyseal lamina; nc, neural canal; pa, parapophysis; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pl, pleurocoel; poz, postzygapophysis; prsl, prespinal lamina; prz, prezygapophysis; spdl, spinodiapophyseal lamina; spol, spinopostzygapophyseal lamina; tprl, intraprezygapophyseal lamina. Scale bar: 10 cm.