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Fig. 1 A in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 1 A Locations of the studied sections in the Nanpanjiang Basin (Luolou platform) (modified from Bagherpour et al., 2017). a—flood alluvial facies, b—shallow water siliclastic deposit, c—carbonate platform, d—slope, e—basin. Sections: 1—Qiakong, 2—Laren, 3—Shanggang, 4—Lilong, 5—Youping cascade. B Simplified palaeogeographical map of the Early Triassic (modified after the PANALESIS plate tectonic model of Vérard, 2019) South China indicated with a star

Fig. 8 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 8 Sequences of Unitary Association (UAs), Unitary Associations Zones (UAZs), lateral reproducibility and dissimilarity index (D) resulting from the biochronological analyses of the 19 sections in South China from the final run. Note the grey shades in the upper figure with rather poor lateral reproducibility and/or poor dissimilarity index of the UA2, UA3, UA4, UA5, UA6, UA7, UA9, UA10, UA11, UA12, UA13, UA14, UA15, UA16, UA17, UA18, UA19, UA20, UA21 and UA22. This 20 UAs were merged into a final total of 11 UAZs (lower figure)

Fig. 11 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 11 Faunal turnover rate for all the relying conodont UAZs from South China during the Smithian and Spathian interval. Calculated from the optimal solution given in Fig. 8. Note the early Smithian and early Spathian radiation and the late Smithian and middle/late Spathian extinction

Fig. 5 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 5 Shanggang. Detailed stratigraphic log of the studied interval of the Shanggang section showing the distribution of conodont taxa and the δ13Crecord throughout the Smithian and Spathian part of the Luolou Formation. The LMHs and UAZ are indicated. Note the gap because of low carb angle faulting in the upper part of the black shales

Fig. 6 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 6 Lilong. Detailed stratigraphic log of the studied interval of the Lilong section showing the distribution of conodont taxa and the δ13Ccarb record throughout the late Smithian and Early Spathian part of the Luolou Formation. The LMHs and UAZs are indicated

Fig. 7 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 7 Youping Cascade. Detailed stratigraphic log of the studied interval of the Youping Cascade section showing the distribution of conodont taxa and the δ13Crecord throughout the late Smithian and Early Spathian part of the Luolou Formation. The LMHs and UAZs are indicated carb

Fig. 9 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 9 Position of the UAZs in the studied sections Qiakong, Laren, Shanggang, Lilong and Youping Cascade. The lithological units are simplified and represented from unit III to unit Vc. Note the ammonoid zones recorded from Laren, Shanggang, Lilong and Youping Cascade

Fig. 4 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 4 Laren. Detailed stratigraphic log of the studied interval of the Laren section showing the distribution of conodont taxa and the δ13Ccarb record throughout the Smithian and Spathian part of the Luolou Formation. The LMHs and UAZs are indicated

Fig. 2 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 2 Pictures from four of the five studied sections in the Nanpanjiang basin. A Qiakong, B Shanggang, C Laren (Kuang Guodun for scale), D Lilong (Hugo Bucher for scale)

Fig. 3 in A Unitary Association-based conodont biozonation of the Smithian-Spathian boundary (Early Triassic) and associated biotic crisis from South China

Fig. 3 Qiakong. Detailed stratigraphic log of the studied interval of the Qiakong section showing the distribution of conodont taxa and the δ13Ccarb record throughout the middle Smithian part of the Daye Formation and the late Smithian to Spathian Luolou Formation. The LMHs and UAZs are indicated

Fig. 3 in A new species of the deep-sea porter crab genus Gordonopsis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Homolidae) from the South China Sea

Fig. 3. Gordonopsis mazupo, new species, holotype male (33.4 × 24.3 mm) (SY353B6), South China Sea. A, lateral view of cephalothorax; B, left third maxilliped; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, ventral view showing buccal cavity, epistome, antennae and antennules; E, dorsal view of carpus of left cheliped; F, dorsal view of carpus of right cheliped; G, outer view of right chela; H, outer view of right chela; I, inner view of right chela.

Fig. 5 in A new species of the deep-sea porter crab genus Gordonopsis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Homolidae) from the South China Sea

Fig. 5. Gordonopsis mazupo, new species, holotype male (33.4 × 24.3 mm) (SY353B6), South China Sea. A, left P2–P4 coxae and basisischia (denuded); B, right P2–P4 coxae (denuded); C, sternopleonal cavity with right G1 and G2 in situ; D, G, left G1 (ventral view); E, H, left G1 (dorsal view); F, I, left G2 (ventral view). G–I, drawn to same scale. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 1 in A new species of the deep-sea porter crab genus Gordonopsis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Homolidae) from the South China Sea

Fig. 1. Gordonopsis mazupo, new species, holotype male (33.4 × 24.3 mm) (SY353B6), South China Sea. Colour in life. Scale bars = 10.0 mm. Photographs by Yadong Zhou.

Fig. 2 in A new species of the deep-sea porter crab genus Gordonopsis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Homolidae) from the South China Sea

Fig. 2. Gordonopsis mazupo, new species, holotype male (33.4 × 24.3 mm) (SY353B6), South China Sea. A, overall habitus (legs detached); B, dorsal view of carapace; C, dorso-frontal view of carapace.

Fig. 4 in A new species of the deep-sea porter crab genus Gordonopsis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Homolidae) from the South China Sea

Fig. 4. Gordonopsis mazupo, new species, holotype male (33.4 × 24.3 mm) (SY353B6), South China Sea. A, dorsal view of carapace showing relative P5 length; B, ventral view of cephalothorax showing pleon; C–F, right P2–P5, respectively (all to same scale); G, right P5 pseudochela; H, left P5 pseudochela; I, proximal part of right P2 merus (lateral view); J, proximal part of right P3 merus (lateral view); K, proximal part of right P4 merus (lateral view); L, proximal part of right P4 merus (view from flexor margin showing median spine on lateral surface).

Fig. 6 in New materials of multicellular algae from the earliest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota in South China

Fig. 6. SEM and SRXTM images of the indeterminate alga; Kuanchuanpu Formation, Fortunian, Terreneuvian, Cambrian in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi Province, China. A. ELISN103-361; A1, SEM image; A2, A3, A4, close-up views of polygonal cells. B. ELISN111-78; B1, SEM image; B3, 3D rendering; B4, B6, B7, virtual sections; B5, B8, close-up views of B4 and B7 (respectively). Intervals between cells, white arrowheads (A4, B2, B5); cell clumps, white arrows (B1, B4, B6); intervals between cell and membrane, black arrowheads (B2, B8).

Fig. 4 in New materials of multicellular algae from the earliest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota in South China

Fig. 4. Measurements of problematic alga Calathophycus irregulatus Tang gen. et sp. nov. and concave opening. A. Histogram of maximal length and width of bowl-shaped fossils. B. Histogram of maximal length and width of concave opening. C. Scatter diagram indicating a linear relationship between the maximal length and width of C. irregulatus. D. A linear relationship between the maximal length and width of the concave opening.

Fig. 3 in New materials of multicellular algae from the earliest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota in South China

Fig. 3. SEM images of problematic alga Calathophycus irregulatus Tang gen. et sp. nov. with a deep central concavity; Kuanchuanpu Formation, Fortunian, Terreneuvian, Cambrian in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi Province, China. A. ELISN72-52, holotype; A1, front view; A2, back view. B. ELISN163-729; B1, front view; B2, back view. C. ELISN133-60. D. ELISN163-339. Cell clumps, white arrows (A, C, D); gaps between cell clumps, black arrows (A, B1). Fossils are arranged in order of size, suggesting a possible sequence of growth and development.

Fig. 2 in New materials of multicellular algae from the earliest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota in South China

Fig. 2. SEM images of problematic alga Calathophycus irregulatus Tang gen. et sp. nov. with a shallow central concavity; Kuanchuanpu Formation, Fortunian, Terreneuvian, Cambrian in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi Province, China. A. ELISN80-91; A1, front view; A2, back view. B–D. ELISN85-39, ELISN163-455, ELISN164-15, respectively. E. ELISN164-271; E1, front view; E2, close-up view. Cell clumps, white arrows (A, C, D); gaps between cell clumps, black arrows (B, E); external membrane, equilateral arrowheads (B, C, D). The specimens are selected and arranged in order of size so as to indicate a possible sequence of growth and development.

Fig. 1 in New materials of multicellular algae from the earliest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota in South China

Fig. 1. Geological map (A; modified from Han et al. 2016), stratigraphic column (B), and typical fossils (C–E) from Cambrian the Shizhonggou section in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi Province, China. C. Carinachitid Carinachites spinatus Qian, 1977. D. Anabaritid Anabarites trisulcatus Missarzhevsky in Voronova and Missarzhevsky, 1969. E. Olivooid Olivooides multisulcatus Qian, 1977.