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430 results for “Upper Jurassic”
Fig. 1 in A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA
Fig. 1. Cranial elements of Suuwassea emilieae ANS 21122. A. Left premaxilla in rostrodorsal view. B. Right quadrate in medial view. C. Basicranium in dorsal (C1, rostral toward top), left lateral (C2, dorsal toward top), caudal (C3), and rostral (C4) views. Scale bars 5 cm.
Fig. 4. A in A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA
Fig. 4. A. Phylogenetic relationship of the Sauropoda as proposed by Wilson (2002). B. 50% majority heuristic bootstrap phylogeny using the updated matrix of Wilson (2002) and with Suuwassea emilieae and Losillasaurus giganteus added. Note the resultant trichotomic nature of the Flagellicaudata. Bootstrap values (percentages) indicated along each stem.
Fig. 3 in A new diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA
Fig. 3. Appendicular elements of Suuwassea emilieae ANS 21122. A. Right scapula in lateral view. B. Right coracoid in craniolateral view. C. Right humerus in cranial (C1) and lateral (C2) views. D. Right tibia in caudal (D1) and proximal (D2) views. E. Right fibula in lateral view. F. Calcaneus in?proximal view. G. Right metatarsal I in cranial view. H. Pedal unguals I (top) and?III in lateral view. Scale bars 5 cm; scale bars do not apply to close−up D2.
Data and code for: Diversity through space and time in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, western USA
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Data from: Upper Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropods from the Cleveland Basin, England: systematics, palaeobiogeography and contribution to biotic recovery from the early Toarcian extinction event
<p>Here we describe a new late Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropod fauna from rocks of the Cleveland Basin exposed on the North Yorkshire coast of England. The fossil assemblage comprises sixteen species, of which three are new: <i>Katosira</i>? <i>bicarinata</i> sp. nov., <i>Turritelloidea</i> <i>stepheni</i> sp. nov. and <i>Striactaenonina elegans</i> sp. nov. Four species are described in open nomenclature as <i>Tricarilda</i>? sp., <i>Jurilda</i> sp., <i>Cylindrobullina </i>sp. and <i>Cossmannina</i> sp. The other species have previously been described: <i>Coelodiscus minutus </i>(Schübler <i>in </i>Zieten), <i>Procerithium quadrilineatum </i>(Römer), <i>Pseudokatosira</i> <i>undulata</i> (Benz in von Zieten), <i>Palaeorissoina </i>aff.<i> acuminata</i><i> </i>(Gründel, 1999b), <i>Pietteia</i> <i>unicarinata</i> (Hudleston), <i>Globularia</i> cf. <i>canina</i> (Hudleston), <i>Striactaeonina</i> cf. <i>richterorum </i>Schulbert & Nützel, <i>Striactaenonina </i>aff.<i> tenuistriata </i>(Hudleston) and <i>Sulcoactaeon</i> <i>sedgvici </i>(Phillips). Most of these species are the earliest records of their respective genera and show palaeobiogeographical connections with contemporary gastropod associations from other regions of Europe and South America. The taxonomic composition of the late Toarcian Cleveland Basin gastropod assemblage differs substantially from the faunas of the late Pliensbachian and early Toarcian <i>Tenuicostatum</i> Zone, showing the strong effect of the early Toarcian mass extinction event on the marine gastropod communities in the basin. Only a few gastropod species are shared between the late Toarcian faunas and the much more diverse Aalenian gastropod faunas in the Cleveland Basin, suggesting there was a facies control on gastropod occurrences at that time. This is also a potential explanation for the taxonomic differences between the late Toarcian gastropod faunas in the Cleveland Basin and those in France, and Northern and Southern Germany.</p>
Fig. 19 in Two new stegosaur specimens from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Montana, USA
Fig. 19. Dorsal plate of stegosaur GPDM 178, near Giffen, Cascade County, Montana.
Fig. 6 in Large onychites (cephalopod hooks) from the Upper Jurassic of the Boreal Realm
Fig. 6. Morphological terms for mega−onychites, based on Engeser (1987).
Fig. 10 in Ecophenotypic plasticity versus evolutionary trends-morphological variability in Upper Jurassic bivalve shells from Portugal
Fig. 10. Box plot of rib numbers in Arcomytilus. Numbers in squared brackets refer to Fig. 2.
FIGURE 13 in Upper Jurassic sauropod record in the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal): Geographical and lithostratigraphical distribution
FIGURE 13 (caption on next page).
Fig. 8 in Gladius shape variation in coleoid cephalopod Trachyteuthis from the Upper Jurassic Nusplingen and Solnhofen Plattenkalks
Fig. 8. Stratigraphic occurrence and possible phylogenetic relationships of fossil octobrachians.
FIG. 8 in A revision of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous dragonfly family Tarsophlebiidae, with a discussion on the phylogenetic positions of the Tarsophlebiidae and Sieblosiidae (Insecta, Odonatoptera, Panodonata)
FIG. 8. — Phylogeny of the major groups of Odonatoptera, hypothesis of Bechly (1996).
FIG. 4 in A revision of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous dragonfly family Tarsophlebiidae, with a discussion on the phylogenetic positions of the Tarsophlebiidae and Sieblosiidae (Insecta, Odonatoptera, Panodonata)
FIG. 4. — Turanophlebia neckini (Martynov, 1927) n. comb., holotype (PIN 2452/3). Scale bar: 10 mm.
FIG. 3 in A revision of the Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous dragonfly family Tarsophlebiidae, with a discussion on the phylogenetic positions of the Tarsophlebiidae and Sieblosiidae (Insecta, Odonatoptera, Panodonata)
FIG. 3. — Turanophlebia martynovi Pritykina, 1968, holotype (PIN 2554/21). Scale bar: 10 mm.
Data from: Morphological disparity in the evolution of the ophthalmosaurid forefin: new clues from the Upper Jurassic of Argentina
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Data from: Sauropod tooth morphotypes from the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal)
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Data from: Upper Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) marine gastropods from the Cleveland Basin, England: systematics, palaeobiogeography and contribution to biotic recovery from the early Toarcian extinction event
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Data from: Chemical preservation of tail feathers from Anchiornis huxleyi, a theropod dinosaur from the Tiaojishan Formation (Upper Jurassic, China)
A panel of geochemical techniques is used here to investigate the taphonomy of fossil feathers preserved in association with the skeleton of the Jurassic theropod Anchiornis huxleyi. Extant buzzard feathers were analysed in parallel to test whether the soft tissues morphologically preserved in the fossil also exhibit a high degree of chemical preservation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) indicate that clays and iron oxide pseudomorphs occur in the surrounding sediment and also reveal the preservation of melanosome-like microbodies in the fossil. Carbon gradient along a depth profile and co-occurrence of carbon and sulphur was shown in the fossil by elastic backscattering (EBS) and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The molecular composition of modern and fossil soft tissues was assessed from micro-Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (micro-ATR FTIR), solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C CP-MAS NMR) and pyrolysis- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the presence of TMAH (TMAH-Py-GC-MS). Results show that the proteinaceous material that comprises the modern feathers is not present in the fossil feathers. The latter and the embedding sediment exhibit a highly aliphatic character. However, substantial differences could be evidenced between these samples, revealing that the organic matter of the fossil feathers is, at least partially, derived from original constituents of the feathers. The preservation of the fossil feathers, primarily expressed by the preservation of their morphology, seems to be associated with in situ polymerization of endogenous lipids. Sulphur probably played a role in the fossil preservation although no natural sulphurization took place.
Data from: The oldest turritelline gastropods: from the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) of Kutch, India
Turritellid gastropods are important components of many Cretaceous-Recent fossil marine faunas worldwide. Their shell is morphologically simple, making homoplasy widespread and phylogenetic analysis difficult, but fossil and living species can be recognized based on shell characters. For many decades, it has been the consensus that the oldest definite representatives of Turritellidae are from the lower Cretaceous, and that pre-Cretaceous forms are homeomorphs. Some morphological characters of the present turritelline species resemble those of mathildoids, but many diagnostic characters clearly separate these two groups. We here describe and/or redescribe – based on examination of more than 1800 near complete specimens -- four species from the Upper Jurassic Dhosa Oolite Member of the Chari Formation in Kutch, western India, and demonstrate that they are members of Turritellidae, subfamily Turritellinae, on the basis of diagnostic characters including apical sculptural ontogeny (obtained from SEM study), spiral sculpture, and growth line patterns. The four species are in order of abundance, Turritella jadavpuriensis Mitra and Ghosh, 1979; Turritella amitava new species; Turritella jhuraensis Mitra and Ghosh, 1979 and Turritella dhosaensis new species. The turritelline assemblages occur only on the northeastern flank of the Jhura dome (23°24'47.57"N, 69°36'09.26"E). Age of the Dhosa Oolite has recently been confirmed based on multiple ammonite species. All these points indicate that these fossils are the oldest record of the family Turritellidae – by almost 30 million years – in the world.
Data from: A new Pliosaurus species (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Patagonia: new insights on the Tithonian morphological disparity of mandibular symphyseal morphology
Abstract.—Most species of the genus Pliosaurus come from the Northern Hemisphere, however a growing number of new specimens are now available from the Southern Hemisphere. Here a new species of Pliosaurus is described, the second for the genus from the Southern Hemisphere, collected from the upper Tithonian (Jurassic) levels of the Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuquén Province. Pliosaurus almanzai n. sp. is characterized by two autapomophies: angular participating in the mandibular symphysis and occipital condyle without a notochordal pit or several, irregularly-arranged grooves. Additionally P. almanzai can be differentiated from other Pliosaurus species by the following characters: trihedral teeth; nine or more symphyseal alveoli; 15-17 post symphyseal alveoli; and parasphenoid without ventral keel. Pliosaurus almanzai n. sp. shows that Pliosaurus species with nine or more 9 symphyseal alveoli persisted until the late Tithonian, contrary to previous assumptions that only species with six symphyseal alveoli were present.
Data from: A juvenile turtle (Testudines, Eucryptodira) from the Upper Jurassic of the Langenberg Quarry, Oker, Northern Germany
Turtles are frequently found in fluviatile to lagoonal and shallow marine sediments in the Upper Jurassic of Western Europe. These turtles usually show a mixture of basal and derived characters, but phylogenetic relationships are still largely unresolved. This is mainly due to the incompleteness of fossils and the lack of taxonomically unambiguous characters and is also related to the presence of different ontogenetic stages, which are not easy to compare. The morphological description of a new turtle from the Upper Jurassic of Langenberg Quarry (Oker, Lower Saxony, Germany) gives further insights into the ontogeny of basal eucryptodire turtles as well as into aquatic adaptation of Upper Jurassic turtles. The specimen is herein left in open nomenclature, due to the fact that it represents a juvenile individual. Several characters define the specimen as juvenile: its small size (7.28 cm carapace length); lateral carapacial fontanelles; enlarged vertebral scutes; a radial striation pattern covering the entire carapace; and the grade of ossification of preserved skull and limb elements. A clear aquatic adaptation of the individual is the elongated manus, a feature that is independent of ontogenetic age. The elongated manus may indicate a marine lifestyle and the individual possibly inhabited nearshore to offshore areas around the former Jurassic islands, which today form the Saxony Basin. The ossification pattern of the carapace of this eucryptodire turtle resembles that of known Jurassic paracryptodires and thus provides new insights to the ontogeny of Jurassic turtles.
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