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opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Prezygotic reproductive barriers in precopulatory behavior of tidepool copepod species

Complexity in prezygotic mating behavior can contribute to the emergence of sexual incompatibility and reproductive isolation. In this study, we performed behavioral tests with two tidepool copepod species of the genus Tigriopus to explore the possibility of precopulatory behavioral isolation. We found that interspecific mating attempts failed prior to genital contact and that this failure occurred at different behavioral steps between reciprocal pairings. Our results suggest that prezygotic barriers may exist at multiple points of the behavioral process on both male and female sides, possibly due to interspecific differences in mate-recognition cues used at those "checkpoints". While many copepod species are known to show unique precopulatory mate-guarding behavior, the potential contribution of prezygotic behavioral factors to their isolation is not widely recognized. The pattern of sequential mate-guarding behaviors may have allowed diversification of precopulatory communication and contributed to the evolutionary diversity of the Tigriopus copepods. The .xlsx file registered here contains original datasets for Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 and Table 1 in our manuscript.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Heterogeneous microgeographic genetic structure of the common cockle (Cerastoderma edule) in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean: biogeographic barriers and environmental factors

Knowledge of genetic structure at the finest level is essential for conservation of genetic resources. Despite no visible barriers limiting gene flow, significant genetic structure has been shown in marine species. The common cockle (Cerastoderma edule) is a bivalve of great commercial and ecological value inhabiting the Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Previous population genomics studies demonstrated significant structure both across the Northeast Atlantic, but also within small geographic areas, highlighting the need to investigate fine-scale structuring. Here, we analysed two geographic areas that could represent opposite models of structure for the species: 1) the SW British Isles region, highly fragmented due to biogeographic barriers, and 2) Galicia (NW Spain), a putative homogeneous region. 9,250 SNPs genotyped by 2b-RAD on 599 individuals from 22 natural beds were used for the analysis. The entire SNP dataset mostly confirmed previous observations related to genetic diversity and differentiation, however, neutral and divergent SNP outlier datasets enabled disentangling physical barriers from abiotic environmental factors structuring both regions. While Galicia showed a homogeneous structure, the SW British Isles region was split into four reliable genetic regions related to oceanographic features and abiotic factors, such as sea surface salinity and temperature. The information gathered supports specific management policies of cockle resources in SW British and Galician regions also considering their particular socio-economic characteristics; further, these new data will be added to those recently reported in the Northeast Atlantic to define sustainable management actions across the whole distribution range of the species.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Biogeographic barriers and historical climate affect phylogeographic structure and demographic history of the common gartersnake

Aim: Current distributions of widespread North American (NA) species have been shaped by Pleistocene glacial cycles, latitudinal temperature gradients, sharp longitudinal habitat transitions, and the vicariant effects of major mountain and river systems that subdivide the continent. Within these transcontinental species, genetic diversity patterns might not conform to established biogeographic breaks compared to more spatially restricted taxa due to intrinsic differences (e.g., greater dispersal ability in generalist species) or spatiotemporal differences (e.g., wide-ranging species predate younger barriers). In this study, we highlight the effects of these extrinsic variables on genetic structuring by investigating the phylogeographic history of a widespread generalist squamate found throughout NA. Location: North America Taxon: Common gartersnake, Thamnophis sirtalis Methods: We evaluate the effects of major river basins and the forest-grassland transition into the Interior Plains on genetic structure patterns using phylogenetic, spatially informed population structure, and demographic analyses of SNP data, and address range expansion history with ecological niche modeling using locality and historic climate data. Results: We identify four phylogeographic lineages with varying degrees of connectivity between them. We find discordant population structure patterns between sex-linked and autosomal loci with respect to the relationship between the central NA lineage relative to coastal lineages. We find support for southeast Pleistocene refugia where recent secondary contact occurred during the Last Glacial Maximum and evidence for both northern and southern refugia in western NA. Main Conclusion: Our results provide strong evidence for a Middle Pliocene origin for Thamnophis sirtalis in central-southeastern NA preceding its rapid expansion across the continent prior to middle Pleistocene climate-mediated lineage formation. We implicate major riverine networks within the Mississippi watershed in likely repeated westward expansion events across the Interior Plains. Finally, we corroborate prior conclusions that phenotypic differences between subspecies do not reflect shared evolutionary history and note that the degree of separation between inferred lineages warrants further investigation before any taxonomic revisions are proposed.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

Dielectric Barrier and gliding arc discharge plasma

Picture of Dielectric Barrier  and gliding arc discharge plasma test rig

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Ecological barriers for an amphibian pathogen: a narrow ecological niche for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in an Asian Chytrid hotspot

We used GLM and Maxent models to predict the potential distribution of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) based on the climate, non-climate, and biotic variables.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2023View details →

Subgap spectroscopy along hybrid nanowires by nm-thick tunnel barriers

These are datasets and codes used for the manuscript with a title : Subgap spectroscopy along hybrid nanowires by nm-thick tunnel barriers

Data from: Demographically explicit scans for barriers to gene flow using gIMble

Identifying regions of the genome that act as barriers to gene flow between recently diverged taxa has remained challenging given the many evolutionary forces that generate variation in genetic diversity and divergence along the genome, and the stochastic nature of this variation. Here we implement a composite likelihood approach for the quantification of barriers to gene flow. This analytic framework captures background selection and selection against locally maladaptive alleles (i.e. genomic barriers) in a model of isolation with migration (IM) as heterogeneity in effective population size (Ne) and effective migration rate (me), respectively. Variation in both effective demographic parameters is estimated in sliding windows via pre-computed likelihood grids. We have implemented genomewide IM blockwise likelihood estimation (gIMble) as a modular tool, which includes modules for pre-processing/filtering of genomic data and performing parametric bootstraps using coalescent simulations. To demonstrate the new approach, we analyse data from a well-studied sister species pair of tropical butterflies with a known history of post-divergence gene flow: Heliconius melpomene and H. cydno. Our analysis uncovers both large effect barrier loci (including well-known wing-pattern genes) and a genome-wide signal of polygenic barrier architecture.

Original data for for intercropped maize experiments, root barrier experiments in intercropped maize, and unilateral shading experiments

Intercropping improves resource utilization and yield; however, shading causes a decline in yield. Under wide-narrow-row maize-soybean intercropping, maize plants are subjected to weak unilateral illumination and exhibit high photosynthetic performance. However, the mechanism regulating photosynthesis under unilateral weak light remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted an experiment with different planting configurations and two controlled environments to investigate photosynthesis, sugar metabolism, and photosynthate allocation in unshaded and shaded leaves under weak light. All three experiments detected an increase in the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of unshaded leaves on one side with an increase in the level of shade on the other side leaves. On the contrary, the concentration of sucrose and starch and the number of starch granules in the unshaded leaves decreased with increased shading due to the transfer of abundant 13C into the grains. However, sink loss with ear removal reduced the Pn of unshaded leaves, limiting their ability to transport sugar. Detailed analysis showed that intense unilateral shade (40% to 20% normal light) reduced grain yield (37.6% to 54.4%) but not mild unilateral shade (60% normal light). We further found that in unshaded leaves, Agpsl, Bmy, and Mexl-like significantly influenced sucrose and starch metabolism, while Sweet13a and Sut1 were crucial for sugar export. Sps1, Agpsl, and Sweet13c were crucial for sugar metabolism and export in shaded leaves. Thus, our study confirmed that under unilateral illumination, unshaded leaves, which transported photosynthates to the ear, contributed significantly to the grain filling and reduced sugar concentration, resulting in a higher photosynthetic performance, while the shaded leaves synthesized fewer photosynthates, primarily for their growth and development. We, therefore, propose a narrow-row spacing (40 cm) that provides appropriate unilateral shade (60% normal light) and limits yield reduction in a wide-narrow-row intercropping system.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →

Barriers to Resolution in 1H NMR of Rotating Solids

The NMR raw data is in both jcamp and topspin format. The data folders are separated according to the samples. For the 2MeIm (2-methylimidazole) spectra: - dilution and deuteration tests with 1D, CP, HETCOR and DQ/SQ For the HMB (hexamethylbenzene) spectra: - dilution tests with 1D, CP, HETCOR and DQ/SQ - variable MAS dataset for 1D, T2' and DQ/SQ For the ZIF-8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework) spectra: - dilution tests with 1D, CP, HETCOR and DQ/SQ - variable MAS dataset for T2'  (the  variable 1D spectra correspond to the first increment of the T2' experiment) and DQ/SQ For the L-Tyrosine.HCl spectra: - variable MAS dataset for 1D, T2' and DQ/SQ For the PS (polystyrene) spectra: - variable MAS dataset for 1D, T2' and DQ/SQ Matlab scripts: - rmseval_conv_1pe (peak fitting script to a voigt function type) - rmseval_gls_1pe (peak fitting script to a GLS function type) - conv_2d_simu_clean_2023 (simulation of 2D peaks with Gaussian, Tilted Gaussian and Lorentzian shapes) - fitting_hmb_antidiag_scaled_2023 (example with HMB data to extract the antidiagonal from a DQ/SQ spectrum and fit to GLS or Voigt)

Data from: Infrared barriers as a detection tool to reduce human-elephant conflicts

Elephant incursions into farms represent an important challenge for local communities and farmers living around protected areas, but also for the long-term conservation of elephants. Early detection of elephants is a promising technique to reduce elephant presence in farms and human settlements reducing human elephant interactions. In this study we investigated the potential of infrared barriers to detect African savannah elephants (Loxodonta africana). We designed and tested battery-operated photoelectric beam sensors in 12 locations of southern Tanzania and assessed the elephant detection accuracy through camera trapping for a total of 246 days. We obtained 1803 recordings of wildlife crossing the barriers range (30 different species of mammals and several bird and bat species). Our results show that infrared barriers, when located at 1.75-2.2 m high, detect 100% of adult elephants and ∼29% of subadult elephants. Giraffes were the only other wildlife species detected by the barriers. Interestingly, large vehicles were also detected, which might be helpful to prevent motorized poaching. Given the gregarious behaviour of elephant families, and the limited access for vehicles, infrared barriers may represent an interesting and cost-effective detection system for early warning strategies in elephant-dominated areas of Africa and Asia or for other large-sized visitors.

BBB permeability, sleep and qRT-PCR data for: The Drosophila blood-brain barrier regulates sleep via moody GPCR signaling

Sleep is vital for most animals, yet its mechanism and function remain unclear. We found that permeability of the BBB–the organ required for maintenance of homeostatic levels of nutrients, ions, and other molecules in the brain–is modulated by sleep deprivation and can cell-autonomously effect sleep changes. We observed increased BBB permeability in known sleep mutants as well as in acutely sleep deprived animals. In addition to molecular tracers, sleep deprivation-induced BBB changes also increased penetration of drugs used in the treatment of brain pathologies. After chronic/ genetic or acute sleep deprivation, rebound sleep or administration of the sleeping aid gaboxadol normalized BBB permeability, showing that sleep deprivation effects on the BBB are reversible. Along with BBB permeability, RNA levels of the BBB master regulator moody are modulated by sleep. Conversely, altering BBB permeability alone through glia-specific modulation of moody, gαo, loco, lachesin, or neuroglian – each a well-studied regulator of BBB function – was sufficient to induce robust sleep phenotypes. These studies demonstrate a tight link between BBB permeability and sleep and indicate a novel role for the BBB in the regulation of sleep.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Endothelial barrier dysfunction in systemic inflammation is mediated by soluble VE-cadherin interfering VE-PTP signalling

Original dataset for publication in iScience

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Breaking Barriers: Investigating the Sense of Belonging Among Women and Non-Binary Students in Software Engineering

This is a package published with the paper "Breaking Barriers: Investigating the Sense of Belonging Among Women and Non-Binary Students in Software Engineering" at the Software Engineering Education and Training track of the 2024 International Conference on Software Engineering (<a href="https://conf.researchr.org/track/icse-2024/icse-2024-software-engineering-education-and-training-track">ICSE-SEET 2024</a>). The data includes the data used in a study about Sense of Belonging among women and non-binary students in software engineering Education.

Brief Online Help-seeking Barrier Reduction Intervention

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03633825. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Non-invasive Blood-brain Barrier Opening in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Using Focused Ultrasound

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04118764. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.

Facilitators and Barriers to Cancer Screening: Stakeholder Perspectives on Implementation

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04683744. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 17.

Prospective Evaluation of 14F Thal Tube vs 28 French Chest Tube for Hemothorax and Use of Maximum Barrier Precautions

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03167723. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

The Effects of BAK on the Blood Aqueous Barrier of Pseudophakic Patients

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01280110. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.

Overcoming Barriers and Obstacles to Adopting Diabetes Devices

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04161131. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.

Using MRI-Guided Laser Heat Ablation to Induce Disruption of the Peritumoral Blood Brain Barrier to Enhance Delivery and Efficacy of Treatment of Pediatric Brain Tumors

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02372409. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 12.