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403 results for “captivity”
Age-related differences in gut microbiome and fecal metabolome of captive African penguins (Spheniscus demersus)
<p><span>The code applied for the study: "Age-related differences in gut microbiome and fecal metabolome of captive African penguins (Spheniscus demersus)".</span></p>
Data from: Life history profiles for 27 strepsirrhine primate taxa generated using captive data from the Duke Lemur Center
Since its establishment in 1966, the Duke Lemur Center (DLC) has accumulated detailed records for nearly 4200 individuals from over 40 strepsirrhine primate taxa – the lemurs, lorises, and galagos. Here we present verified data for 3627 individuals of 27 taxa in the form of a life history table containing summarized species values for variables relating to ancestry, reproduction, longevity, and body mass, as well as the two raw data files containing direct and calculated variables from which this summary table is built. Large sample sizes, longitudinal data that in many cases span an animal's entire life, exact dates of events, and large numbers of individuals from closely related yet biologically diverse primate taxa make these datasets unique. This single source for verified raw data and systematically compiled species values, particularly in combination with the availability of associated biological samples and the current live colony for research, will support future studies from an enormous spectrum of disciplines.
Data from: Structural and compositional mismatch between captive and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parrs gut microbiota highlights the relevance of integrating molecular ecology for management and conservation methods.
Stocking methods are used in the Province of Quebec to restore Salmo salar populations. However, Atlantic salmon stocked juveniles show higher mortality rates than wild ones when introduced into nature. Hatchery environment, which greatly differs from the natural environment, is identified as the main driver of the phenotypic mismatch between captive and wild parrs. The latter is also suspected to impact the gut microbiota composition, which can be associated with essential metabolic functions for their host. We hypothesized that hatchery raised parrs potentially recruit gut microbial communities that are different from those recruited in the wild. This study evaluated the impacts of artificial rearing on gut microbiota composition in 0+ parrs meant for stocking in two distinct Canadian rivers: Rimouski and Malbaie (Quebec, Canada). Striking differences between hatchery and wild born parrs' gut microbiota suggest that microbiota could be another factor that could impact their survival in the targeted river, since the microbiome is narrowly related to host physiology. For instance, major commensals belonging to Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridiacea from wild parrs' gut microbiota were substituted in captive parrs by lactic acid bacteria from the Lactobacillaceae family. Overall, captive parrs host a generalist bacterial community whereas wild parrs' microbiota is much more specialized. This is the very first study demonstrating extensive impact of captive rearing on intestinal microbiota composition in Atlantic salmon intended for wild population stocking. Our results strongly suggest the need to implement microbial ecology concepts into conservation management of endangered salmon stocks supplemented with hatchery reared parrs.
Data from: Survival and reproductive costs of repeated acute glucocorticoid elevations in a captive, wild animal
Organisms are continuously encountering both predictable and unpredictable ecological stressors within their environment. The activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (stress) axis is a fundamental process allowing animals to cope with and respond to such encounters. A main consequence of HPA axis activation is the release of glucocorticoid hormones. Although short-term glucocorticoid elevations lead to changes in physiological and behavioral processes that are often adaptive, our understanding of fitness consequences of repeated acute elevations in glucocorticoid hormones over a longer time period is largely lacking. This is of particular current importance as animals are facing a significant increase in exposure to stressors including those associated with human-induced rapid environmental change. Here, we test fitness-relevant consequences of repeated exposure to glucocorticoids in the absence of natural challenges, by treating wild-caught gravid female eastern fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) with a daily transdermal dose of a glucocorticoid hormone until laying. This treatment causes an increase in plasma glucocorticoids that mimics the natural response lizards have when they encounter a stressor in the wild, without confounding effects associated with the encounter itself. This treatment reduced females' reproductive success (hatching success) and survival. Further, glucocorticoid-induced reductions in reproductive success were greater when females had experienced higher temperatures the previous winter. This demonstrates the potential significant consequences of repeated exposure to acute elevations in glucocorticoid hormones. Additionally, the costs of repeated glucocorticoid elevation may be further exaggerated by an individual's previous experience, such as the potential compounding effects of winter warming increasing animals' vulnerability to increased glucocorticoid levels during spring breeding.
Data from: Demographic, environmental and genetic determinants of mating success in captive koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)
Many factors have been shown to affect mating behavior. For instance, genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are known to influence mate choice in a wide variety of vertebrate species. The genetic management of captive populations can be confounded if intrinsic mate choice reduces or eliminates reproductive success between carefully chosen breeding pairs. For example, the San Diego Zoo koala colony only has a 45% copulation rate for matched individuals. Herein, we investigated determinants of koala mating success using breeding records (1984-2010) and genotypes for 52 individuals at four MHC markers. We quantified MHC diversity according to functional amino acids, heterozygosity, and the probability of producing a heterozygous offspring. We then used categorical analysis and logistic regression to investigate both copulation and parturition success. In addition, we also examined age, day length, and average pairwise kinship. Our post-hoc power analysis indicates that at a power level of 1 – β = 0.8, we should have been able to detect strong MHC preferences. However, we did not find a significant MHC effect on either copulation or parturition success with one exception: pairs with lower or no production of a joey had significantly lower MHC functional amino acid diversity in the categorical analysis. In contrast, day length and dam age (or age difference of the pair) consistently had an effect on mating success. These findings may be leveraged to improve the success of attempted pairs, conserve resources, and facilitate genetic management.
Figure 1 in The life of Cyclocephala celata Dechambre, 1980 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in captivity with descriptions of the immature stages
Figure 1. Morphology of the third instar of Cyclocephala celata. (A) Head, frontal view; (B) epipharynx; (C) left mandible: (C1) dorsal view, (C2) ventral view; (D) right mandible: (D1) dorsal view, (D2) ventral view; (E) maxilla, ventral view; (F) hypopharynx; (G) raster.
Data for: Effects of domestication and captive breeding on reaction to moving objects: Implications for avoidance behaviors of obstacles and predators by masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou
<p>Domestication and captive breeding can compromise obstacle- and predator-avoidance of animals in the wild. Whereas previous studies only examined these effects in combination, here we examine them individually by comparing the abilities of wild, F1 (offspring of wild parents), and captive-bred (approx. F15) masu salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus</em> <em>masou</em>) to avoid a falling object under experimental conditions. Rates of avoidance failure were low (wild, 12.5%; F1, 10.7%; captive-bred, 8%) under light conditions but increased under dark conditions (wild, 11.1%; F1, 32.1%; captive-bred, 60.0%). We attribute the elevated avoidance-failure rate among F1 fish to the lack of learning opportunities in hatchery environments, and the further elevation of avoidance-failure rate among captive-bred fish to the degradation of sensory organ function. These results imply reduced survival rates for F1 and captive-bred fish in the wild and are consistent with the low stocking efficiencies reported for captive-bred masu salmon.</p>
[dataset] Behavioral expression of father-daughter bonds affects sociality and responsiveness to oxytocin and vasopressin treatments in captive juvenile female titi monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus)
<p>[dataset] Social bonds influence physiology and behavior, which can shape how individuals respond to physical and affective challenges. Coppery titi monkey (<em>Plecturocebus cupreus</em>) offspring form selective bonds with their fathers, making them ideal for investigating how father-daughter bonds influence juveniles’ responses to oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) manipulations. We quantified expression of father-daughter bond-related behaviors in females (n = 10) and gave acute intranasal treatments of saline, low/medium/high OT, low/high AVP, or OT receptor antagonist (OTA) to subjects prior to a parent preference test. While females spent more time in proximity to their parents than strangers, we found a large degree of individual variation. Females with greater expression of bonding behaviors responded to OT treatments in a dose-dependent manner. Subjects also spent less time in proximity to strangers when treated with High OT (p = 0.003) and Low OT (p = 0.007), but more time when treated with High AVP (p = 0.007), Low AVP (p = 0.009), and OTA (p = 0.001). Findings from the present study suggest variation in expression of bond-related behaviors may alter responsiveness to OT and AVP, increasing engagement with unfamiliar social others. This enhanced sociality with strangers may promote formation of pair bonds with partners.</p>
Figure 1 in Observations on the diet and behaviour of captive Monodelphis (Mygalodelphys) kunsi Pine, 1975 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) from Paraguay
Figure 1. Capture sites of Monodelphis kunsi specimens Aand Bat Rancho Laguna Blanca (depicted by the star).
Efficacy and Safety of the ACAT Inhibitor CS-505 (Pactimibe) for Reducing the Progression of Carotid Artery Disease. This Study is Also Known as CAPTIVATE.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00151788. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 9. Publications: 1.
Comparison of Captivator Tissue Cassettes vs. no Cassettes for Endoscopic Mucosal Resection in Esophageal Carcinoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02911363. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
The Captivator EMR Registry
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02482701. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 6. Publications: 1.
Precolumbian Transregional Captive Rearing of Amazonian Parrots in the Atacama Desert
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Data from: Phenotypic and community consequences of captive propagation in mosquitofish
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Data from: Comparing ageing and the effects of diet supplementation in wild vs. captive antler flies, Protopiophila litigata
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Data from: Diet and phylogeny shape the gut microbiota of Antarctic seals: a comparison of wild and captive animals
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Data from: Reduced fitness of Atlantic salmon released in the wild after one generation of captive-breeding
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Data from: Shy birds play it safe: personality in captivity predicts risk responsiveness during reproduction in the wild
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Data from: Structural and compositional mismatch between captive and wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parrs gut microbiota highlights the relevance of integrating molecular ecology for management and conservation methods.
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Data from: Are shy individuals less behaviorally variable? Insights from a captive population of mouse lemurs
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.