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1,921 results for “fertilizers”
data for publication "Dynamics of soil nitrogen and N-cycling-related genes following the application of biobased fertilizers"
<p>Dataset for the scientific publication titled "Dynamics of soil nitrogen and N-cycling-related genes following the application of biobased fertilizers" in the Journal <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/applied-soil-ecology">Applied Soil Ecology</a>. </p><p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.105033">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.105033</a> </p>
Data for Torppa et al. 2023 'Soil moisture and fertility drive earthworm diversity in north temperate semi-natural grasslands'
<p>The dataset consists of the data that supports the findings of the article 'Soil moisture and fertility drive earthworm diversity in north temperate semi-natural grasslands' written by Torppa et al. and published in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment in 2023. The data consists of earthworm community data and environmental data related to soil, vegetation, management and landscape, as well as accession numbers to the earthworm specimens in BOLD and GenBank.</p>
Fertility loss under thermal stress
<p>Climate change models predict that the frequency and intensity of heatwaves are likely to increase, therefore understanding population responses to these extreme climatic events will be key in mitigating biodiversity loss. Here, using the male dimorphic bulb mite, <em>Rhizoglyphus robini</em>, we investigate and compare the impact of experimental heat stress on survival and fertility between females and male morphs that differ in the expression of a sexually selected weapon. We show that lethal limits are similar among all individuals, but find clear sex differences, although no difference between morphs, in sub-lethal temperatures causing sterility: female fertility remains high close to lethal limits, whereas both male morphs suffer fertility loss at more than 2.5°C below their lethal limits. Contrastingly, when thermal stress was lower, the sexes and morphs do not differ in their thermal sensitivity and declines in reproductive output are comparable, these declines appear to be additive as we observe the greatest declines when both sexes were exposed to thermal stress. In addition, during assays, we included an extra treatment that allowed individuals two extra days to recover and found that fertility loss was almost fully recovered when thermal stress was low, but only partially recovered under the most extreme temperatures. The impact of heat stress on fertility therefore appears to be temporary with individuals rapidly recovering: whether recovery can negate negative population level effects remains to be investigated. Our experiments reveal the impact of heat stress on survival and fertility, finding sex-specific fertility loss under the most extreme thermal conditions.</p>
An isotope study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus use efficiency and movement in soil in a mimicked vermicompost-based organo-mineral fertilizer
<p>Vermicompost (VC), a stabilized organic material with high organic and humic carbon, and favorable aggregation properties, was tested as a fraction of organo-mineral fertilizers (OMFs), where organic and mineral fractions interact in hotspot areas with surrounding soil. Solutions containing <sup>33</sup>P radioisotope and <sup>15</sup>N labeled mineral fertilizers were combined with vermicompost at two ratios of organic carbon (C<sub>org</sub>) to mineral nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) (OMF<sub>7.5C </sub>and OMF<sub>15C</sub>) to simulate OMF granules. Control treatments included unfertilized soil (N<sub>0</sub>P<sub>0</sub>), mineral fertilizer (MF<sub>NP</sub>), and sole vermicompost at 2 rates (OF<sub>7.5C </sub>and OF<sub>15C</sub>). Nitrogen and P uptake by Italian ryegrass (<em>Lolium multiflorum</em>) were measured over in 8 weeks. Furthermore, MF<sub>NP</sub>, OMF<sub>7.5C</sub>, and OMF<sub>15C </sub>treatments were incubated for 10 days without plant to measure atom% <sup>15</sup>N excess and <sup>33</sup>P radioactivity, as indicators of N and P movement from two soil layers (surrounding fertilizer hotspot and below it). In the pot study, OMF<sub>15C </sub>caused 24% lower biomass and less nutrient recovery derived from fertilizer (N -11%, P –8.5%), compared to MF<sub>NP</sub>. In the incubation study, OMF<sub>15C </sub>exhibited +19% atom% <sup>15</sup>N excess in the combined two soil layers, relative to MF<sub>NP</sub>, and +28% <sup>33</sup>P radioactivity in the soil surrounding the hotspot, and –89 % in the soil below it. We interpreted this as a reduction in nutrient availability of the combined vermicompost+mineral fertilizers, due to lower P mobility in soil. The combination of vermicompost with mineral fertilizers can reduce P movement in soil. A higher C<sub>org</sub>:N:P ratio resulted in lower nutrient use efficiency in two months.</p>
N2O and CO2 fluxes and related environmental conditions in response to manure and synthetic fertilization treatments, with and without a urease inhibitor
<p>Agricultural best management practices (BMPs) intended to solve one environmental challenge may have unintended climate impacts. For example, manure injection is often promoted for its potential to reduce runoff and N loss as NH<sub>3</sub>, but the practice has been shown to increase N<sub>2</sub>O, a powerful GHG, compared to surface application. Urease inhibitor application with N fertilizer is another BMP that can enhance N retention by reducing NH<sub>3</sub> emissions, but its impact on N<sub>2</sub>O emissions is mixed. Thus, we measured N<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>, soil mineral N availability, soil moisture, soil temperature, and yield in a two-year perennial hayfield trial with four fertilization treatments (manure injection, manure broadcast, synthetic urea, and control) applied with or without a urease inhibitor in Alburgh, VT (n=4 treatment replicates; 32 total subplots). This dataset includes the daily N<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes in every subplot on each sampling day in our trial, along with cumulative emissions for 2020 and 2021. We also include the other variables that we measured (listed above) and relevant weather data (precipitation and air temperature). Note that during the second treatment application in 2021, the incorrect treatment was applied to one synthetic urea subplot. We therefore excluded this subplot from our analysis of daily fluxes after 30 July 2021 (n=3 synthetic urea replicates). Details about our sampling methods are available in the corresponding manuscript.</p>
Agronomic response and profitability of applying fractional doses of NPK fertilizer on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Beni and Lubero territory, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary Table 1-9 of the manuscript: Magmatic Cl-H2O contents, fluid extraction and porphyry fertility: Evidence from zircon and its apatite inclusions
<p><strong><span>Table DR1</span></strong><span> Major element composition of biotite from the three intrusions in the ZOF</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR2</span></strong><span> Laser Raman spectra and trace element compositions of zircon grains from the Cretaceous intrusions in the ZOF</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR3</span></strong><span> Major element composition of plagioclase grains from the Cretaceous intrusions in the ZOF</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR4</span></strong><span> Sr isotopic composition of the plagioclase from the Cretaceous intrusions in the ZOF</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR5</span></strong><span> Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic composition of the Sifang granodiorite, Luoboling granodiorite porphyry and Zhongliao granodiorite</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR6 </span></strong><span>Zircon water contents and O isotopic compositions by SIMS of the Cretaceous intrusions in the ZOF</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR7 </span></strong><span>Major and volatile element composition of the zircon-host apatite from the Cretaceous intrusions in the ZOF </span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR8</span></strong><span> The top 20 best fitting runs</span></p> <p><strong><span>Table DR9</span></strong><span> Summarization of the salinity calculations</span></p>
The canine vaginal microbiome in heat does not influence fertility in healthy breeding bitches
<p>A healthy and balanced vaginal microbiome is often thought to be an important prerequisite for successful breeding and healthy litters. Previous studies investigating the influence of canine vaginal bacteria on fertility mostly relied on aerobic culturing. In recent years, culture-independent methods, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), have become popular. With the ability to analyze the microbiome as a whole, research in this field has made notable advances. This is the first study to correlate NGS data of the canine vaginal microbiome in heat with fertility data. Healthy breeding bitches (n=80) presented for routine pre-breeding examination were sampled during early heat and mated after ovulation. A vaginal sample was taken for NGS analysis and microbiological culture. Additionally, a blood sample was collected. Fertility data (mating, pregnancy, delivery, litter size) were assessed. NGS revealed a diverse microbiome in all the samples. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis did not provide evidence of larger differences in the microbiome of those bitches that became pregnant and those that did not. </p> <p> </p>
Nitrogen fertilization and high plant growing temperature increase herbivore performance
<p>Global environmental change exerts growing pressure on biodiversity. Anthropogenic climate and land use change are particularly important drivers of biodiversity loss. While their effects on biodiversity have been widely studied individually, interactions among them are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of two common drivers of global change, increased temperature and nitrogen fertilization, on host-plant quality and herbivore performance in the butterfly <i>Lycaena tityrus</i>. We show that butterfly performance was positively affected by plants grown at increased temperatures and nitrogen fertilization, the latter being in line with the nitrogen limitation hypothesis. Effects were largely consistent across treatments, i.e. nitrogen deposition and temperature did not interact strongly to affect herbivore performance. Overall, females suffered more strongly than males from poor host-plant quality. Our study demonstrates changes in host-plant quality caused by variation in temperature and nitrogen availability, which induced indirect effects in an herbivore. Such indirect effects of global environmental change are an important source of variation and should be considered in order to reduce uncertainties with regard to the effects of global change on biodiversity.</p>
Yield and Quality Response of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) to Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Rates at Arba Minch, Southern Ethiopia
<p><em>Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crentz), is a major staple food crop of the people in most parts of Africa, and plays an important role in terms of food security, employment and income generation for farm families. It is one of important root crops in Ethiopian diet; however there is no research work has been done on rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. Rate of N and K fertilizer are the major factor in determining the quality and quantities of cassava. Thus, this experiment was carried on the influence </em><em>of nitrogen and potassium</em><em> fertilizer rate on yield and qualities of </em><em>cassava </em><em>at Arba Minch. Four levels of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>) and three levels of K (0, 60, and 120 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup>) were arranged in factorial combination in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results revealed that the main effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates influences all the studied parameters, while the main effect of potassium affects number of tubers per plant and tuber diameter. Interaction effect of N and K influences fresh tuber yield of cassava. The highest fresh tuber yield of cassava was achieved from the combination of 92 kg Nha<sup>-1</sup> with application of 0 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup>, whereas the lowest fresh tuber yield of cassava was obtained from the combination of 0 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> with 0 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup>. The economic analysis showed that higher net benefit and marginal rate of return were obtained from the application of 92 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> with 0 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup>. In order to prevent excessive production costs, the use of 92 kg Nha<sup>-1</sup> combined with the application of 0 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup> is recommended. </em></p>
Dataset: Improving the prediction of fertilizer phosphorus availability to plants with simple, but non-standardized extraction techniques
<p>Dataset: Improving the prediction of fertilizer phosphorus availability to plants with simple, but non-standardized extraction techniques</p>
Tree water uptake enhances nitrogen acquisition in a fertilized boreal forest – but not under nitrogen poor conditions
<p><span>Understanding how plant water uptake interacts with acquisition of soil nitrogen (N) and other nutrients is fundamental for predicting plant responses to a changing environment, but it is an area where models disagree.</span></p> <p><span>We present a novel isotopic labelling approach which reveals spatial patterns of water and N uptake, and their interaction, by trees. The stable isotopes <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>2</sup>H were applied to a small area of the forest floor in stands with high and low soil N availability. Uptake by surrounding trees was measured. The sensitivity of N acquisition to water uptake was quantified by statistical modelling.</span></p> <p><span>Trees in the high-N stand acquired twice as much <sup>15</sup>N as in the low-N stand and around half of their N uptake was dependent on water uptake (<sup>2</sup>H enrichment). In contrast, in the low-N stand there was no positive effect of water uptake on N uptake. </span></p> <p><span>We conclude that tree N acquisition was only marginally dependent on water flux toward the root surface under low N conditions but under high-N conditions, the water-associated N uptake was substantial. The results suggest a fundamental shift in N acquisition strategy under high-N conditions. </span></p>
Growth performance and harvest index of sweet potato (Ipoma batatas, Lam) under integrated soil fertility management in Andosol and Nitisol soils
<p>This dataset represent the raw data obtained following the cultivation of two sweet potato varieties (A white skin white-fleshed and a purple skin orange-fleshed) in two agroecological zones of Cameroon dominated by Andosol and Nitisol soils. The soil chemical composition plus that of the organic manures (Rice husk biochar, poultry litter, fast compost and Tithonia diversifolia leaf powder) is part of the data set. The growth parameters; primary branch number, main stem length, petoile length, leaf area index, and harvest index components; adventitious roots, dry biomass, weight of small, medium and big roots, marketable and total yield were collected during the experimentation.</p>
A synthesis of nitric oxide emissions across global fertilized croplands from crop-specific emission factors
<p><span>Nitrogen (N)-fertilizer application to agricultural soils results in substantial emissions of nitric oxide (NO), a key substance in tropospheric chemistry involved in climate forcing and air pollution. </span><span>However, estimates of global cropland NO emissions remain uncertain due to a lack of information on direct NO emission factors (EF<sub>d<sup>s</sup></sub>) of applied N for variours cropping systems at seasonal or annual scales. Here we quantified the crop-specific seasonal and annual-scale NO EF<sub>d<sup>s</sup></sub> through synthesizing </span><span>1094 measurements from 125 field-based studies worldwide. </span><span>The global mean crop-specific seasonal EF<sub>d</sub> was 0.53%, with the highest for vegetables (0.75%). Among cereal crops, the EF<sub>d</sub> of maize (0.45%) or wheat (0.47%) was about three-times higher than for rice (0.12%). At annual scale, the mean EF<sub>d</sub> across all cropping systems was</span><span> 0.58%, with tea plantations having the highest (1.54%). For other cropping systems, the annual-scale EF<sub>d<sup>s</sup></sub> ranged from 0.02% to 1.07%. Besides crop type, also soil organic carbon, total N and pH as well as N fertilizer type were the main factors explaining the variations of NO EF<sub>d<sup>s</sup></sub>. Based on obtained specific EF<sub>d<sup>s</sup></sub> for each crop type, we estimated that NO emissions due to the use of synthetic fertilizers from global croplands are about 0.42–0.62 Tg N yr<sup>−1</sup>. Our budgets are relatively lower if compared to estimates derived by the use of IPCC defaults for NO emissions (0.72–1.66 Tg N yr<sup>−1</sup>) or reported elsewhere (0.67–1.04 Tg N yr<sup>−1</sup>). In our estimates, cash crops (vegetable, tea and orchard), which cover only 9% of the world cropland area, contributed about 31% to total NO emissions from global fertilized croplands. Overall, our meta-analysis provides improved crop-specific NO EF<sub>d<sup>s</sup></sub> reflecting current stage of knowledge. The work also highlights the relative importance of cash crop production as sources for atmospheric NO, i.e., agricultural systems on which mitigation efforts may focus</span><span>.</span></p>
Global data on fertilizer use by crop and by country
<p>Understanding how much inorganic fertilizer (referred to as fertilizer) is applied to different crops at national, regional and global levels is an essential component of fertilizer consumption analysis and demand projection. Good information on fertilizer use by crop (FUBC) is rarely available because it is difficult to collect and time-consuming to process and validate. To fill this gap, a first global FUBC report was published in 1992 for the 1990/1991 period, based on an expert survey conducted jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN, the International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) and the International Fertilizer Association (IFA). Since then, similar expert surveys have been carried out and published every two to four years in the main fertilizer-consuming countries. Since 2008 IFA has led these efforts and, to our knowledge, remains the only globally available data set on FUBC. This dataset includes data (in CSV format) from a survey carried out by IFA to represent the 2017–18 period as well as a collation of all historic FUBC data.</p>
Echinoderm sperm swimming and fertilization
<p>In an era of climate change, impacts on the marine environment include warming and ocean acidification. These effects can be amplified in shallow coastal regions where conditions often fluctuate widely. This type of environmental variation is potentially important for many nearshore species that are broadcast spawners, releasing eggs and sperm into the water column for fertilization. We conducted two experiments to investigate: 1) the impact of water temperature on sperm swimming characteristics and fertilization rate in sand dollars (<em>Dendraster excentricus</em>) and sea urchins (<em>Mesocentrotus franciscanus</em>) and; 2) the combined effects of multiple stressors (water temperature and pH) on these traits in sand dollars. We quantify thermal performance curves showing that sand dollar fertilization rates, sperm swimming velocities, and sperm motility display remarkably wide thermal breadths relative to red urchins, perhaps reflecting the wider range of water temperatures experienced by sand dollars at our field sites. For sand dollars, both temperature (8, 16, 24°C) and pH (7.1, 7.5, 7.9) affected fertilization but only temperature influenced sperm swimming velocity and motility. Although sperm velocities and fertilization were positively correlated, our fertilization kinetics model dramatically overestimated measured rates and this discrepancy was most pronounced under extreme temperature and pH conditions. Our results suggest that environmental stressors like temperature and pH likely impair aspects of the reproductive process beyond simple sperm swimming behavior.</p>
Temporal changes in nutrients in forest soil and roots and root biomass of Fagus sylvatica after P and N fertilization
<p>We report data for nutrients in the organic layer and in mineral soil of Fagus sylvatica forests after P and N fertilization. We separated soil and roots and also report data for root biomass and nutrient contents in these soil layers. In addition, relative soil water contents and pH were measured. The samples were collected in three forests and repeatedly in spring and fall from 2016 to 2018. </p>
Agronomy MDPI 2022 - Supplementary Materials; Proximate chemical analyses for soil, post-harvest soils, and fertilizers
<p>Supplementary Materials (Soil, Post-harvest Soils, and Fertilizers proximate chemical analyses) for the review process in Agronomy MDPI 2022. </p>
Effect of different feeding substrates on the production of in-sect-derived frass fertilizers for effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity - Raw Data and Supplementary Materials
<p>Raw data and Supplementary Materials for the submitted Article Titled: "Effect of different feeding substrates on the production of in-sect-derived frass fertilizers for effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity". Submitted to Agronomy-Basel MDPI. </p>
Contrasted-Fertilization Wheat Ear Dataset 2020
<p><strong>Overview</strong></p> <p>This dataset contains 701 wheat RGB images in which all the ears have been manually labelled with bounding boxes. Its primary function is to provide training or test data for deep learning models aiming at the detection of wheat ears. In terms of diversity, it integrates wheat images from two varieties, at all the key development stages from heading to maturity, and for four or eight contrasted nitrogen fertilization management. </p> <p><strong>Field experiments and image acquisition</strong></p> <p>Images were acquired during the 2020 season in two trial fields located in the Hesbaye area, Belgium. The images were captured by two RGB cameras in nadir position. Those cameras were positioned on the cantilever beam to avoid shadows from the phenotyping platform. The auto-exposure algorithm was tuned to prevent, as possible, image saturation. All the details regarding the field experiments and the image acquisition can be found in the related paper: "Dandrifosse S., Ennadifi E., Carlier A., Gosselin B., Dumont B. & Mercatoris B., 2022. Deep learning for wheat ear segmentation and ear density measurement : From heading to maturity. Comput. Electron. Agric. 199(June), DOI:10.1016/j.compag.2022.107161."</p> <p><strong>Image pre-processing</strong></p> <p>2048 x 2560 pixel images were acquired in the field, but each of them was converted to four square sub-images of 1024 x 1024 pixels. The labelled images in this dataset are the sub-images.</p> <p><strong>Ear bounding boxes</strong></p> <p>The dataset contains a total of 77657 bounding boxes stored in csv files as Python-style lists of [xmin, ymin, width, height]</p>
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