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FIGURES 49–55 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 49–55. Bionomics of Coptotriche camptotheca Xu & Dai, sp. nov. 49, habitat, Guizhou Province, China; 50, host plant Camptotheca acuminata Decne. (Nyssaceae); 51–55, leaf mines

FIGURES 67–73 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 67–73. Leaf mines of Coptotriche asiana Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. on Symplocos sumuntia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (Symplocaceae), sample no. 5191, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam

FIGURES 1–4 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 1–4. Adults of new Coptotriche species. 1, C. camptotheca Xu & Dai, sp. nov., female paratype, Jiangxi Province, China; 2, same, another female paratype (GNU); 3, 4, C. turpinia Xu & Dai, sp. nov., male holotype, Jiangxi Province, China (GNU)

FIGURES 43–48 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 43–48. Female genitalia of Coptotriche asiana Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 43, general view, paratype, slide no. AD1053 (GNU); 44, coils of ductus spermathecae, paratype, slide no. AD1041 (ZIN); 45–48, variously focused on ovipositor lobes, paratype, slide no. AD1053 (GNU)

FIGURES 62–66 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 62–66. Habitat and host plants of Coptotriche asiana Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 62, habitat 15 km NW of Sa Pa, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam, 22°20'N, 103°46'E, elevation ca. 1900 m; 63, Symplocos sumuntia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don, sample no. 5191; 64, S. poilanei Guill., sample no. 5193; 65, 66, Symplocos glauca (Thunb.) Koidz., sample no. 5197

FIGURES 37–42 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 37–42. Male genitalia of Coptotriche asiana Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov. 37, 38, ventral view of capsule, paratype, slide no. AD1054 (NRC); 39, vinculum, paratype, slide no. AD1057 (GNU); 40, 41, lateral view of capsule with phallus removed, paratype, slide no. AD1043 (ZIN); 42, lateral view of valva, paratype, slide no. AD1057 (GNU)

FIGURES 29–36 in Discovery of the new Coptotriche species in China revealed two novel host-plant families and host-plant orders for Tischeriidae, a family of stenophagous, leafmining lepidopterans

FIGURES 29–36. Male genitalia of Coptotriche asiana Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., Lao Cai Province, Vietnam. 29, general view, holotype, slide no. AD1044 (ZIN); 30–34, spines of phallus, paratype, slide no. AD1057 (GNU); 35, phallus, paratype, slide no. AD944 (NRC); 36, same, capsule, with phallus removed

FIGURE 5 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations

FIGURE 5. Map of point localities of Turrana abnormis Distant (triangles) and T. ejuncida sp. nov. (circle). Localities of T. abnormis from Cassis & Gross (2002).

FIGURE 4 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations

FIGURE 4. Turrana ejuncida sp. nov. Micro-CT images of female terminalia (WAME106180). A) dorsal, B) ventral, and C) lateral views of tip of abdomen. Scale bar = 100 µm.

FIGURE 3 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations

FIGURE 3. Turrana ejuncida sp. nov. Micro-CT images of male genitalia (WAME106179). A) pygophore and semi-inflated aedeagus, lateral view; sclerotized portions of conjunctival processes coloured green. B) anterior of aedeagus. C) right paramere. Scale bars = 100 µm.

FIGURE 2 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations

FIGURE 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Turrana ejuncida sp. nov. female (WAME106180). A) head, lateral; B) head, dorsal; C) head and thorax, ventral; D) pronotum, dorsal; E) hemelytra, detail; F) metathoracic scent gland. Anterior to left in all images.

FIGURE 1 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations

FIGURE 1. Turrana ejuncida sp. nov. dorsal and lateral habitus images. A, B) holotype male (WAME106179); C, D) paratype female (WAME106180).

FIGURE 6 in Turrana ejuncida, a new species of Acanthocorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae) from Cape Range, Western Australia, with discussion of its systematic position and host plant associations

FIGURE 6. Collecting sites of Turrana ejuncida sp. nov. in Cape Range National Park. A) flowering Ipomoea yardiensis (detail in inset) on remote rocky ridge adjacent to canyon. B) Triodia epactia (inset shows dry, brown underside of plant) at side of Charles Knife Canyon Road, on ridge.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2022View details →

FIGURE. Phylogenetic tree of specimens on Poaceae and related host plants constructed by MP method based on ITS+28S regions of rDNA. Bootstrap values of MP and ML are followed by the Bayesian posterior probabilities (Bpp) on the nodes in the topology. Asterisk () represents bootstrap values or Bpp less than 50% in the topology. Sample data are shown with voucher specimen number or GenBank accession number, and host plant. Sequence data determined in this study are shown in color. Teliospore shapes are shown in each clade detected, and new species are shown by asterisk () on clades. 0, I: Spermogonial and aecial host genus. Asterisk (*) on host plants: Spermogonial and aecial host plants. in Phylogenetic approach for identification and life cycles of Puccinia (Pucciniaceae) species on Poaceae from northeastern China

FIGURE. Phylogenetic tree of specimens on Poaceae and related host plants constructed by MP method based on ITS+28S regions of rDNA. Bootstrap values of MP and ML are followed by the Bayesian posterior probabilities (Bpp) on the nodes in the topology. Asterisk (*) represents bootstrap values or Bpp less than 50% in the topology. Sample data are shown with voucher specimen number or GenBank accession number, and host plant. Sequence data determined in this study are shown in color. Teliospore shapes are shown in each clade detected, and new species are shown by asterisk (*) on clades. 0, I: Spermogonial and aecial host genus. Asterisk (*) on host plants: Spermogonial and aecial host plants.

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Tri-trophic interactions with avian predators: the effect of host plant species and herbivore-induced plant volatiles on recruiting avian predators

<div> <p><span><span>Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are important signaling compounds released by plants upon wounding. These compounds have been shown to mediate tri-trophic interactions in recruiting insect predators and parasitoids. Recent work has begun to show that avian species, which were once thought to have a very limited sense of smell, can cue in on these HIPVs to find insect prey. Here, we test the ability for two general HIPVs, methyl jasmonate and methyl salicylate, to recruit avian predators. We test the recruitment efficacies of these HIPVs across 4 different host plant species (black walnut, red maple, cattail, and wheat) and use clay caterpillars to quantify predation by insectivorous birds. We found no significant differences in predation between treatment groups across any of our host plants. However, there was a nearly-significant effect of methyl salicylate in black-walnut trees. Interestingly, our results did show a significant effect of host plant species on predation levels. The two tree species, particularly black walnut, had higher levels of predation than the herbaceous species. We discuss the implications of these results and suggest a number of ideas and suggestions for future studies investigating the role of HIPVs in attracting insectivorous birds.</span></span></p> </div>

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

FIGURE 7 in Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)

FIGURE 7. Immature stages with some notable characters indicated with arrows, Nhambikuara mima compared to Splendeuptychia furina; Paryphthimoides brixius compared to Paryphthimoides terrestris: 1a, b) Paryphthimoides brixius ultimate instar in dorsal view and lateral view; 2a, b) Paryphthimoides terrestris ultimate instar in dorsal view and lateral view; 3a, b) Nhambikuara mima ultimate instar in dorsal view and lateral view; 4a, b) Splendeuptychia furina ultimate instar prior to pupation in dorsal view and lateral view. 1c, 2c) Paryphthimoides brixius ultimate instar head capsule and Paryphthimoides terrestris ultimate instar head capsule; 3c, 4c) Nhambikuara mima ultimate instar head capsule and Splendeuptychia furina ultimate instar head capsule; 1d–f, 2d, e) pupa of Paryphthimoides brixius and Paryphthimoides terrestris; 3d–f, 4d, e) pupa of Nhambikuara mima compared to Splendeuptychia furina. All images for Nhambikuara mima, Splendeuptychia furina, and Paryphthimoides brixius are reproduced from the present article; All images for Paryphthimoides terrestris from Corahua-Espinioza et al. (in press).

FIGURE 6 in Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)

FIGURE 6. Host plants for Magneuptychia harpyia: Olyra latifolia L.: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the nodes; 1c) close-up view of inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. 1e) Taquara micrantha in situ 2a, b) adult of Magneuptychia harpyia in dorsal and ventral view (based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0352).

FIGURE 4 in Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)

FIGURE 4. Host plant, two variations of Taquara micrantha. Taquara micrantha with pubescence on the abaxial surface as a host plant for Nhambikuara mima and Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a) leaves; 1b) close-up view of the node and abaxial part showing pubescence; 1c) inflorescence materials; 1d) host plant in situ. Taquara micrantha lacking pubescence for Splendeuptychia furina: 2a) leaves and inflorescence in situ; 2b) close-up view of nodes; 2c) close-up view of abaxial surface showing lack of pubescence; 2d) host plant in situ.

FIGURE 5 in Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)

FIGURE 5. Illustrations of head capsules: a, b, c) first, second, and fifth (ultimate) instar of Nhambikuara mima, in frontal view; d) fifth (ultimate) instar of N. mima, lateral view indicating labeled chalazae; e–h) first, second, fourth and fifth instar of Splendeuptychia furina, in frontal view; i, j) third and fifth (ultimate) instar of Paryphthimoides brixius, in frontal view. Figure a, b are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0538; c, d are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0489; e, f, g are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554; h are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0316; i, j are based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395.

FIGURE 3 in Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)

FIGURE 3. Life history of Paryphthimoides brixius: 1a, b) third instar in dorsal and lateral view; 2a, b) fourth instar in dorsal and lateral view; 3a, b) fifth (ultimate) instar in dorsal and lateral view; 4a, b, c) pupa in dorsal, lateral and ventral view; 5a, b) adult in dorsal and ventral view. All illustrations based on 2021-FLP-IMM-0395.