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300 results for “land change”
Data from: Global change on the Roof of the World: vulnerability of Himalayan otter species to land-use and climate alterations
<p>Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (CCVA) prescribes the quantification of species vulnerability based on three components: sensitivity, adaptive capacity and exposure. Such assessments should be performed through combined approaches that integrate trait-based elements (e.g., measures of species sensitivity such as niche width) with correlative tools quantifying exposure (magnitude of changes in climate within species habitat). Furthermore, as land-use alterations may increase climate impacts on biodiversity, CCVAs should focus on both climate and land-use change effects. Unfortunately, most of such assessments have so far focused exclusively on exposure to climate change. </p> <p>We evaluated the vulnerability of three otter species occurring in the Himalayan region, i.e. <i>Aonyx cinereus, Lutra lutra </i>and<i> Lutrogale perspicillata</i>, to 2050 climate and land-use through the recently-proposed Climate Niche Factor Analysis (CNFA) framework combined with Species Distribution Models.</p> <p>Future climate and land-use change will reduce (6 – 15%) and shift (10 – 18%) the geographic range of the three species in the Himalaya, with land-use alterations exerting far more severe effects than climate change. Among vulnerability components, sensitivity played a greater role than exposure in determining the vulnerability of the otters. Specifically, the most specialist species, <i>L. perspicillata</i> showed the highest vulnerability in comparison with the most generalist, <i>L. lutra</i>.</p> <p>Our results underline how coupling climate and land-use change components in CCVAs can generate diverging predictions of species vulnerability compared to approaches relying on climate change only. Moreover, intrinsic components, such as species sensitivity, proved significantly more important in determining vulnerability than extrinsic metrics such as habitat exposure.</p> <p>The dataset contains XY coordinates of Himalayan otter species used in the study. Since Himalayan otters are listed as threatened or vulnerable in several of the regions covered by the study, original coordinates were rounded to 1 degree. Specific data sources are provided in the coupled table.</p>
A dataset to model Levantine landcover and land-use change triggered by climate change, the Arab Spring and COVID-19
<p>The Levant region is highly vulnerable to climate change, experiencing prolonged heat waves that have led to societal crises and population displacement. Since 2010, the area has been marked by socio-political turmoil, including the Syrian civil war, which has strained neighbouring countries like Jordan due to the influx of Syrian refugees. Jordan, in particular, has seen rapid population growth and significant changes in land use and infrastructure, leading to over-exploitation of the landscape through irrigation and construction. This article uses climate data, satellite imagery, and land cover information to illustrate the substantial increase in construction activity and highlights the intricate relationship between climate change predictions and current socio-political developments in the Levant.</p>
Evaluating the effects of land-use change and future climate change on vulnerability of coastal landscapes to saltwater intrusion
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Land use change in California, 2001-2100
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Contrasting effects of land-use changes on herbivory and pollination networks
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Land use impacts poison frog chemical defenses through changes in leaf litter ant communities
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A meta-analysis of tropical land-use change effects on the soil microbiome: emerging patterns and knowledge gaps
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Data from: Extreme climate events counteract the effects of climate and land-use changes in Alpine treelines
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Data from: Cascading effects of changes in land use on the invasion of the walnut Juglans regia in forest ecosystems
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Land use changes threaten bird taxonomic and functional diversity across the Mediterranean basin: a spatial analysis to prioritize monitoring for conservation
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Data from: Global change on the Roof of the World: vulnerability of Himalayan otter species to land-use and climate alterations
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Global Mangrove Loss Extent, Land Cover Change, and Loss Drivers, 2000-2016
This dataset provides estimates of the extent of mangrove loss, land cover change, and its anthropogenic or climatic drivers in three time periods: 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2010-2016. Landsat-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) anomalies were used to determine loss extent in each period. The drivers of mangrove loss were determined by examining land cover changes using a random forest machine learning technique that considered change from mangrove to wet soil, dry soil, and water at each loss pixel. A series of decision trees used several global-scale land-use datasets to identify the ultimate driver of the mangrove loss. Loss drivers include commodity production (agriculture, aquaculture), settlement, erosion, extreme climatic events, and non-productive conversion. Maps of loss extent per period, mangrove land cover changes, and loss drivers are provided for each of 39 mangrove holding nations.
CMS: Mangrove Canopy Characteristics and Land Cover Change, Tanzania, 1990-2014
This data set provides canopy height, land cover change, and stand age estimates for mangrove forests in the Rufiji River Delta in Tanzania. The estimates were derived from a canopy height model (CHM) using TanDEM-X imagery and Polarimetric SAR interferometry (Pol-InSAR) techniques. Landsat imagery circa 1990 and circa 2014 was used to estimate stand age between 1994 and 2014 and for forest land cover change modeling.
Land Use and Land Cover Change Projection in the ABoVE Domain
This dataset provides projections of land use and land cover (LULC) change within the Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) domain, spanning from 2015 to 2100 with a spatial resolution of 0.25 degrees. It includes LULC change under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP126 and SSP585) derived from Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) at an annual scale. The specific land types include: needleleaf evergreen tree-temperate, needleleaf evergreen tree-boreal, needleleaf deciduous tree-boreal, broadleaf evergreen tree-tropical, broadleaf evergreen tree-temperate, broadleaf deciduous tree-tropical, broadleaf deciduous tree-temperate, broadleaf deciduous tree-boreal, broadleaf evergreen shrub-temperate, broadleaf deciduous shrub-temperate, broadleaf deciduous shrub-boreal, C3 arctic grass, C3 grass, C4 grass, and C3 unmanaged rainfed crop. The data were generated by integrating regional LULC projections from GCAM with high-resolution MODIS land cover data and applying two alternative spatial downscaling models: FLUS and Demeter. Data are provided in NetCDF format.
NASA Web-Enabled Landsat Data 5 year Land Cover Land Use Change Product V001
WELDLCLUC.015 was decommissioned on December 2, 2019. The Web-Enabled Landsat Data (WELD) 5-year Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) is a composite of 30 meter (m) land use land change product for the contiguous United States (CONUS). The data were generated from five years of consecutive growing season WELD weekly composite inputs from April 15, 2006, to November 17, 2010. WELD data are created using Landsat Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) Terrain Corrected data. This product includes data about tree cover loss and bare ground gain, which are composited over the five year period. WELD LCLUC is distributed in Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4).The WELD project is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and is a collaboration between the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center and the South Dakota State University (SDSU) Geospatial Sciences Center of Excellence (GSCE). Known Issues* WELD Version 1.5 known issues can be found in the WELD Version 1.5 User Guide.Improvements/Changes from Previous Version* Version 1.5 is the original version.
Adaptive changes in the vestibular system of land snail to a 30-day spaceflight and readaptation on return to Earth
The vestibular system receives a permanent influence from gravity and reflexively controls equilibrium. If we assume gravity has remained constant during the species evolution will its sensory system adapt to abrupt loss of that force? We address this question in the land snail Helix lucorum exposed to 30 days of near weightlessness aboard the Bion-M1 satellite and studied geotactic behavior of postflight snails differential gene expressions in statocyst transcriptome and electrophysiological responses of mechanoreceptors to applied tilts. Each approach revealed plastic changes in the snail s vestibular system assumed in response to spaceflight. Absence of light during the mission also affected statocyst physiology as revealed by comparison to dark-conditioned control groups. Readaptation to normal tilt responses occurred at ~20 h following return to Earth. Despite the permanence of gravity the snail responded in a compensatory manner to its loss and readapted once gravity was restored.
Global Peatland Carbon Balance and Land Use Change CO2 Emissions Through the Holocene
This data set provides a time series of global peatland carbon balance and carbon dioxide emissions from land use change throughout the Holocene (the past 11,000 yrs). Global peatland carbon balance was quantified using a) a continuous net carbon balance history throughout the Holocene derived from a data set of 64 dated peat cores, and b) global model simulations with the LPX-Bern model hindcasting the dynamics of past peatland distribution and carbon balance. CO2 emissions from land-use change are based on published scenarios for anthropogenic land use change (HYDE 3.1, HYDE 3.2, KK10) covering the last 10,000 years. This combination of model estimates with CO2 budget constraints narrows the range of past anthropogenic land use change emissions and their contribution to past carbon cycle changes.
Data from: Exotic species enhance response diversity to land-use change but modify functional composition
Two main mechanisms may buffer ecosystem functions despite biodiversity loss. First, multiple species could share similar ecological roles, thus providing functional redundancy. Second, species may respond differently to environmental change (response diversity). However, ecosystem function would be best protected when functionally redundant species also show response diversity. This linkage has not been studied directly, so we investigated whether native and exotic pollinator species with similar traits (functional redundancy) differed in abundance (response diversity) across an agricultural intensification gradient. Exotic pollinator species contributed most positive responses, which partially stabilized overall abundance of the pollinator community. However, although some functionally redundant species exhibited response diversity, this was not consistent across functional groups and aggregate abundances within each functional group were rarely stabilized. This shows functional redundancy and response diversity do not always operate in concert. Hence, despite exotic species becoming increasingly dominant in human-modified systems, they cannot replace the functional composition of native species.
A catalogue of meter-scale craters in Chang'e-5 landing area
<p>Contents of this file :</p> <p> </p> <p>1. <strong>Craters mapped from the 0.5 m/pixel and 0.05 m/pixel DOM in CE-5 landing area.</strong> (File with the name 'Information about all craters in CE-5 landing area.xls')</p> <p> </p> <p>2. <strong>Depth of craters measured from the 0.1 m/pixel DEM.</strong> (File with the name 'Information about depth-measured craters.xls')</p>
Supported Datasets for the Research Titled: "Impacts of Climate and Land Use Changes on Streamflow in the Mun-Chi River Basin, the Largest Tributary of the Mekong River"
<p><strong>Supported Datasets for the Research Titled: "Impacts of Climate and Land Use Changes on Streamflow in the Mun-Chi River Basin, the Largest Tributary of the Mekong River"</strong></p> <p>Abstract: </p> <p><span>The impact of climate change and human activities poses significant challenges in the tropical region of Southeast Asia, specifically within the Mun-Chi River Basin, the largest tributary of the Mekong River in Thailand. The bias-corrected MPI-ESM1-2-LR, the most appropriate Global Climate Model (GCM) under the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) for projecting Mun-Chi River flow, represent future climate variations in this basin. The analysis reveals forthcoming transformations in future land use, with cropland areas transitioning into forests and urban areas. While the projected annual streamflow contributing to the Lower Mekong River is expected to slightly increase by up to 4%, with 67% attributed to climate change and 33% to land-use change, temporal variations in the future flow regime reveal a wetter wet season and a drier dry season in this catchment. During the wet season, streamflow is projected to rise by 5% to 18% in 2023-2035 and 10% to 24% in 2036-2050. In contrast, the dry season is expected to experience a decrease of -3% to -9% in 2023-2035 and -6% to -17% in 2036-2050. Projected streamflow fluctuations are more pronounced in mountainous areas and upstream tributaries. These seasonal contrasts highlight the potential impact of more severe drought during the dry season and more severe flooding during the wet season. These potential increases in extreme hydrological events present challenges for efficient water resource management in this watershed and downstream countries. Consequently, effective water regulation and land-use policies are deemed crucial for sustainable management in the Mun-Chi River Basin.</span></p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.