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Fig. 12 in Morphology of larval and postlarval stages of Priapulopsis bicaudatus (Danielssen, 1869) (Priapulida) from the north atlantic ocean

Fig. 12. Postlarval stages: pharyngeal teeth. A. Overview on everted anterior pharyngeal teeth in a late postlarval stage (V13477), showing three rings of pharyngeal teeth (pt1-3) and the beginning of the scalid region (sc). Note paired teeth in the first ring. B. Overview on everted introvert in a younger postlarval stage (specimen 6 of V13493) with pharyngeal tooth rings 1–4 visible (pt1-4). Asterisks mark the cushion-like base at the inner side of the teeth. C, F, G, J. First-ring pharyngeal tooth in stages of increasing size (C and F from the same specimen V13484, G from specimen 9-2 of V13493, J from V13477). Note the development from a fine median furrow to a broader groove to the complete separation of the tooth (arrows in C, F, G). D, E. Longitudinal section through the upper pharynx in the adult (V13492), showing teeth of different rings (pt1-pt6) and the first scalids (sc). Note the position of first-ring teeth and the largest size of third-ring scalids. H. Magnification of one of the cusps from the tooth shown in J with apical tooth receptors (arrows). I. Surface of one first-ring tooth in the adult (V13492) showing tooth receptors (arrows). K. Tooth receptors on the cusps of tooth shown in C. All images except E SEM.

Fig. 8 in Morphology of larval and postlarval stages of Priapulopsis bicaudatus (Danielssen, 1869) (Priapulida) from the north atlantic ocean

Fig. 8. Postlarval stages: trunk. A, D. The trunk is covered by tumuli. B, C. The ventral midline (vml) is elevated. E. In one specimen, scattered papillae (encircled) are present on the trunk. F. In magnification, these papillae have pointed receptors with an apical tubulus (arrows). G, H. Posterior end of the adult with three rings of ringpapillae (arrows). I. The ringpapillae have a frontal groove. The arrow indicates the region of receptors shown in J. J. Several receptors (arrows) are present apically on the ringpapillae. K. View on the caudal side of the ringpapillae from the third ring, the arrow indicates the region of receptors. L, M. Ringpapillae (arrows) are present in the larger postlarval stages. Note papilla with a groove at lower side of M. N. Magnification of ringpapilla with one apical receptor. Further abbreviations: ca = caudal appendage, in = introvert, tr = trunk, tu = tubuli. All images except G by SEM, A-C from V13484, D from V13502, E, F, M from V13498, G-K from V13492, L, N from specimen 9-2 of V13493.

Fig. 6 in Morphology of larval and postlarval stages of Priapulopsis bicaudatus (Danielssen, 1869) (Priapulida) from the north atlantic ocean

Fig. 6. Pharyngeal teeth in the larva. A. Frontal introvert with widely extended mouth cone (mc), showing teeth of the first ring (pt). B. Teeth (pt) from "outer" side, showing deep median groove. C. Almost frontal view on the first ring of teeth (labelled "1"), part of one tooth of the second ring ("2") is visible. D. Magnification of one tooth from the outer side. E, F. Magnification of the frontal margin with spines and tooth receptors (arrows). Note undivided inner side. Further abbreviations: ne = neck, ps = primary scalid, ru = ruff, sc = scalids. All images SEM, all from V13500.

Fig. 11 in Morphology of larval and postlarval stages of Priapulopsis bicaudatus (Danielssen, 1869) (Priapulida) from the north atlantic ocean

Fig. 11. Postlarval stages: scalids. A. Series of scalids in younger stages decrease in number from three scalids (rectangle 1) over two scalids (rectangle 2) to one scalid (rectangle 3). B. Magnification of one scalid series showing apical receptors. C. Telescopic scalids and larger series in older stages. D. Telescopic scalids, here from the adult V13492 are composed of a basal (bp) and an apical (ap) part. E. Receptors at the tip of the apical part. All images SEM, A, B from specimen 6-1 of V13493, C, E from specimen 9-1 of V13493.

Figure 1 in New information about the third stage larva and larval habitat of Microdon (Chymophila) bruchi Shannon, 1927 (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Argentina

Figure 1. (a) Trunk of the grapevine; (b) third-stage larvae of Microdon (Chymophila) bruchi Shannon, 1927 in ant nests inside Vitis vinifera L. plant.

Figure 8 in New information about the third stage larva and larval habitat of Microdon (Chymophila) bruchi Shannon, 1927 (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Argentina

Figure 8. Microdon (Chymophila) SUR-02 of Reemer (2014), male, habitus; representative of the 'metallic species group' (Suriname, Peperpot, 24 February 2006, leg. M. Reemer, coll. RMNH).

Figure 7 in New information about the third stage larva and larval habitat of Microdon (Chymophila) bruchi Shannon, 1927 (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Argentina

Figure 7. Microdon (Chymophila) histrio Wiedemann, holotype female, abdomen; representative of the 'striped-abdomen species group'.

Figure 5 in New information about the third stage larva and larval habitat of Microdon (Chymophila) bruchi Shannon, 1927 (Diptera, Syrphidae) from Argentina

Figure 5. Microdon (Chymophila) argentinae Hull, 1937, holotype male. (a) habitus – dorsal; (b) habitus – lateral; (c) head – frontal; (d) head – lateral; (e) head – dorsal; (f) scutellum; (g) abdomen – dorsal.

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FIGURES 19–23. First larval instar 19. Nasale, 20. Mandible, 21–23. Epipharynx. 21 in Descriptions of the developmental stages of Cafius nauticus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), with comments on its biology

FIGURES 19–23. First larval instar 19. Nasale, 20. Mandible, 21–23. Epipharynx. 21. Olfactory organs; 22. General appearance; 23. Long cuticular processes posteriorly. Abbreviations: 1–2=setae, a–b=pores, LT=lateral tooth, MT=median tooth, OG=olfactory organ, PMT=paramedian tooth.

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Figure 2 in Hyperparasitism among larval stages of Digenea in snail hosts: sophisticated life strategy or pure randomness? The scenario of Cotylurus sp.

Figure 2. The mean intensity of tetracotyle metacercariae in snail hosts infected or not infected with sporocysts/rediae.

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Figure 3 in Hyperparasitism among larval stages of Digenea in snail hosts: sophisticated life strategy or pure randomness? The scenario of Cotylurus sp.

Figure 3. The mean intensity of tetracotyle metacercariae in relationship to presence or absence of hyperparasitism in the snail host.

FIGURES 13–19. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology

FIGURES 13–19. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5th instar larva. 13, metathorax and abdominal segments I–III, right lateral (dotted oval = seta-less section between dorsal setae and lateral protuberance setae; arrows point to presegmental dorsal gills in close contact). 14, abdominal segments I and II, ventral (ce = chloride epithelium). 15, abdominal segment III, anterior section, right lateral (f = forked lamellae; l = lateral fringe). 16, posterior end of abdomen, right lateral. 17, posterior end of abdomen, dorsal (ds = dorsal setae on abdominal segment VIII; arrow points to long dorsal seta). 18, larval case, dorsal. 19, larval case, right lateral. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (except Fig. 15: 0.1 mm).

FIGURES 7–12. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology

FIGURES 7–12. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5th instar larva. 7, head and pro- and mesothoraces, lateral (arrow = prosternal horn). 8, thorax, dorsal (sa1–sa3 = setal areas 1–3). 9, left foreleg, posterior face. 10, left midleg, posterior face (arrow = claw seta originating from subapical socket). 11, left hind leg, posterior face (arrows = proximodorsal setae). 12, abdominal segment I, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology

FIGURE 1. Bayesian/MCMC phylogeny of 18 Apatania species, including the herein associated life stages of A. theischingerorum. Dots on nodes indicate posterior probabilities ±0.95. Given are BOLD sequence and process IDs, including the new sequences for A. theischingerorum (SPAPA009-18–SPAPA016-18).

FIGURES 20–24. Apatania spp. 20–23, Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology

FIGURES 20–24. Apatania spp. 20–23, Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981: 20, female genitalia, left lateral, specimen from Albacete; 21, female genitalia, left lateral, specimen from Teruel; 22, adult female at Guadalaviar River (Teruel); 23, pupal aggregation in Arroyofrío (Albacete). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (except Fig. 23: 1 mm). 24, Apatania fimbriata (Pictet 1834), 5th instar larva, abdominal segments I to III, right lateral (dotted oval = continuous setal band between dorsal setae and lateral protuberance setae). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 2–6. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology

FIGURES 2–6. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5th instar larva. 2, head, frontal (arrow = antenna; small white numbers = setal positions #9, 14, 15). 3, head, right posterolateral. 4, detail of frontoclypeus (arrows = alveolae of frontoclypeal setae #5; a = median separation of alveolae; b = distance of alveola to nearest frontoclypeal margin). 5, head, ventral. 6, left anterolateral edge of pronotum, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 36–39. Cryptoperla teana Li in A new species of Cryptoperla Needham, 1909 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae) from Guangxi of China, based on male, female, and larval stage

FIGURES 36–39. Cryptoperla teana Li & Murányi, sp. n., habitats and larval habitus—36: seep at Golden Turtle Waterfall, locality of the holotype; 37: inflow stream above Dragon Lake, paratype locality; 38: alive pharate female larva at Golden Turtle Waterfall; 39: last instar but not matured larva from Dragon Lake, preserved in ethanol.

FIGURES 15–17. Cryptoperla teana Li in A new species of Cryptoperla Needham, 1909 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae) from Guangxi of China, based on male, female, and larval stage

FIGURES 15–17. Cryptoperla teana Li & Murányi, sp. n., holotype male.—15: basal half of cercus, dorsal view; 16: aedeagus, dorsal view; 17: aedeagus, ventral view.

FIGURES 9–14. Cryptoperla teana Li in A new species of Cryptoperla Needham, 1909 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae) from Guangxi of China, based on male, female, and larval stage

FIGURES 9–14. Cryptoperla teana Li & Murányi, sp. n., holotype male.—9: relaxed tergum 10, dorsal view; 10: basal part of aedeagus, dorsal view; 11: aedeagus, dorsal view; 12: aedeagus, ventral view; 13: aedeagus, lateral view; 14: basoventral lobe of aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURE 40 in A new species of Cryptoperla Needham, 1909 (Plecoptera: Peltoperlidae) from Guangxi of China, based on male, female, and larval stage

FIGURE 40. Known distribution of the Cryptoperla species—1: C. aculeata Wu, 1973); 2: C. akha Stark, 1989; 3: C. bisaeta (Kawai, 1968a); 4: C. chiangi (Banks, 1940); 5: C. curvata Stark & Sivec, 2007a; 6: C. dactylina Du, 2018; 7: C. dui Sivec, 2005; 8: C. formosana (Okamoto, 1912); 9: C. fraterna (Banks, 1938); 10: C. fujianica Sivec, 1995; 11: C. hubleyi Stark & Sivec, 2007a; 12: C. spec. Ch A sensu Stark & Sivec, 2007a; 13: C. ishigakiensis (Kawai, 1968b); 14: C. japonica (Okamoto, 1912); 15: C. kali Stark, 1989; 16: C. karen Stark, 1989; 17: C. kawasawai Maruyama, 2002; 18: C. klapaleki Stark & Sivec, 2007b; 19: C. kosai Stark & Sivec, 2007a; 20: C. kumari Stark, 1989; 21: C. meo Stark, 1989; 22: C. meyi Stark & Sivec, 2007a; 23: C. naga Stark, 1989; 24: C. nangongshana Huo & Du, 2018; 25: C. obtusa (Wu, 1973); 26: C. pentagonalis Zwick & Sivec, 1980; 27: C. simplex Stark & Sivec, 2007a; 28: C. sinensis (Wu & Claassen, 1934); 29: C. spp., unidentified; 30: C. stilifera Sivec, 1995; 31: C. teana sp. n.; 32: C. torva Needham, 1909; 33: C. uchidai Stark & Sivec, 2007b—grey areas are above 2000 meters.