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2,738 results for “multiple sclerosis”
Five-years of ocrelizumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis: OPERA studies open-label extension
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Socioeconomic status affects the incidence of COVID-19 in Chilean multiple sclerosis patients
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Effect of ocrelizumab on vaccine responses in patients with multiple sclerosis: The VELOCE study
<p><b>Objective</b></p> <p><span>The phase IIIb VELOCE study (NCT02545868) assessed responses to selected vaccines in ocrelizumab (OCR)-treated patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.</span></p> <p><b>Methods</b></p> <p>Patients were randomized 2:1 into Group OCR (n=68; OCR 600mg); or Control (n=34; interferon-β or no disease-modifying therapy). All received tetanus toxoid (TT)-containing vaccine, Pneumovax® (23-PPV) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Group OCR was subdivided into OCR1 (n=33) and OCR2 (n=35) at randomization. OCR1 received Prevnar® (13-PCV) 4 weeks after 23-PPV; OCR2 and Control received influenza vaccine. Vaccinations started 12 weeks after OCR initiation (Group OCR) or on Day 1 (Control).</p> <p><b>Results</b></p> <p>Positive response rate to TT vaccine at 8 weeks was 23.9% in OCR vs 54.5% in Control. Positive response rate to ≥5 serotypes in 23-PPV at 4 weeks was 71.6% in OCR and 100% in Control. Prevnar® did not enhance response to pneumococcal serotypes in common with Pneumovax®. Humoral response to KLH was decreased in OCR vs Control. Seroprotection rates at 4 weeks against five influenza strains ranged from 55.6–80.0% in OCR2 and 75.0–97.0% in Control.</p> <p><b>Conclusion</b></p> <p>Peripherally B-cell depleted OCR recipients mounted attenuated humoral responses to clinically relevant vaccines and the neoantigen, KLH, suggesting use of standard non-live vaccines while on OCR treatment remains a consideration. For seasonal influenza vaccines, it is recommended to vaccinate patients on OCR, as a potentially protective humoral response, even if attenuated, can be expected.</p>
Data from: Rituximab vs placebo induction prior to glatiramer acetate monotherapy in multiple sclerosis
Objective: To examine whether rituximab induction followed by glatiramer acetate (GA) monotherapy is more effective than GA alone for the treatment of relapsing MS with active disease. Methods: This was a single center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study(NCT01569451). Fifty-five participants were randomly assigned (1:1ratio) to either rituximab (R-GA) or placebo induction (P-GA), followed by all participants initiating GA therapy. Participants were followed up to 3-years. The primary endpoint was the number of participants with no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) (those without relapse, new MRI lesions and sustained change in disability. Results: Twenty-eight and 27 participants received rituximab and placebo induction, respectively, with one participant in each arm withdrawing prior to 6-month MRI. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. At end of study, 44.44% of R-GA participants demonstrated NEDA, vs 19.23% of P-GA participants (p = 0.049). A smaller proportion of R-GA participants failed treatment (37.04%R-GA vs 69.23%P-GA, p=0.019), and time to treatment failure was longer (23.32 monthsR-GA vs 11.29 monthsP-GA, p=0.027). Fewer participants in the R-GA arm had new lesions (25.93%R-GA vs 61.54%P-GA, p=0.009), and there were fewer new T2 lesions (0.48R-GA vs 1.96P-GA vs, p=0.027). Probability of demonstrating NEDA in the R-GA arm returned to baseline within the study period. There were no differences in adverse events. Conclusions: Induction therapy with rituximab followed by GA may provide superior efficacy in the short term to GA alone in relapsing MS, but this benefit appears to wane within the study period. Larger studies are needed to assess sustainability of results.
Data from: Is the association between health-related quality of life and fatigue mediated by depression in patients with multiple sclerosis? A Spanish cross sectional study
Objectives: To determine the mediating effects of depression on health-related quality of life and fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary urban hospital. Participants: One hundred and eight patients (54% women) with MS participated in this study. Outcome measures: Demographic and clinical data (weight, height, medication, and neurological impairment), fatigue (Fatigue Impact Scale-FIS), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-BDI/II) and health-related quality of life (Short-Form Health Survey 36 - SF36) were collected. Results: Fatigue was significantly associated with bodily pain, physical function, mental health and depression. Depression was associated with bodily pain and mental health. The path analysis found direct effect from physical function, bodily pain and depression to fatigue (all, P<0.01). The path model analysis revealed that depression exerted a mediator effect from bodily pain to fatigue (B=-0.04, P<0.01) and from mental health to fatigue (B=-0.16 P<0.01). The amount of fatigue explained by all predictors in the path model was 37%. Conclusions: This study found that depression mediates the relationship between some health-related quality of life domains and fatigue in people with MS. Future longitudinal studies focusing on proper management of depressive symptoms in individuals with MS will help to determine the clinical implications of these findings.
Data from: Clinical correlation of multiple sclerosis immunopathological subtypes
<p><b>Objective:</b> To compare clinical characteristics across immunopathological subtypes of patients with multiple sclerosis.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> Immunopathological subtyping was performed on specimens from 547 patients with biopsy and/or autopsy confirmed CNS demyelination.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>The frequency of immunopathological subtypes were pattern I (23%), II (56%), and III (22%). Immunopatterns were similar in terms of age at autopsy/biopsy (median age 41 years, range 4-83 years, p=0.16) and proportion female (54%, p=0.71). Median follow-up after symptom onset was 2.3 years (range 0-38y). In addition to being overrepresented among autopsy cases (45% vs. 19% in biopsy cohort, p<0.001), index attack-related disability was higher in pattern III vs. pattern II (median EDSS 4 vs. 3, p=0.02). Monophasic clinical course was more common in patients with pattern III than pattern I or II (59% vs. 33% vs. 32%, p<0.001). Similarly, patients with pattern III pathology were likely to have progressive disease compared to patients with patterns I or II, when followed for ≥5 years (24% overall, p=0.49), with no differences in long-term survival, despite a more fulminant attack presentation.</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> All three immunopatterns can be detected in active lesions, although they are found less frequently later into the disease due to the lower number of active lesions. Pattern III is associated with a more fulminant initial attack than either pattern I or II. Biopsied patients appear to have similar long-term outcomes irrespective of their immunopatterns. Progressive disease is less associated with the initial immunopattern and suggests convergence into a final common pathway related to the chronically denuded axon.</p>
Association of gray matter atrophy patterns with clinical phenotype and progression in multiple sclerosis
<p><b>Objectives.</b> Grey matter (GM) involvement is clinically relevant in multiple sclerosis (MS). Using source-based morphometry (SBM), we characterized GM atrophy and its 1-year evolution across different MS phenotypes.</p> <p><b>Methods.</b> Clinical and MRI data were obtained at 8 European sites from 170 healthy controls (HCs) and 398 MS patients (34 clinically isolated syndromes [CIS], 226 relapsing-remitting [RR], 95 secondary progressive [SP] and 43 primary progressive [PP] MS). Fifty-seven HC and 144 MS underwent 1-year follow-up. Baseline GM loss, atrophy progression and correlations with disability and 1-year clinical worsening were assessed.</p> <p><b>Results.</b> SBM identified 26 cerebellar, subcortical, sensory, motor and cognitive GM components. GM atrophy was found in MS <i>vs</i> HC in almost all components (p=range<0.001-0.04). Compared to HCs, CIS patients showed circumscribed subcortical, cerebellar, temporal and salience GM atrophy, while RRMS patients exhibited widespread GM atrophy. Cerebellar, subcortical, sensorimotor, salience and fronto-parietal GM atrophy was found in PPMS patients <i>vs</i> HCs, and SPMS <i>vs</i> RRMS. At 1-year, 21 (15%) patients had clinically worsened. GM atrophy progressed in MS in subcortical, cerebellar, sensorimotor, and fronto-temporo-parietal components. Baseline higher disability was associated (R<sup>2</sup>=0.65) with baseline lower normalized brain volume (beta=-0.13, p=0.001), greater sensorimotor GM atrophy (beta=-0.12, p=0.002) and longer disease duration (beta=0.09, p=0.04). Baseline normalized GM volume (odds ratio=0.98, p=0.008) and cerebellar GM atrophy (odds ratio=0.40, p=0.01) independently predicted clinical worsening (area-under-the-curve=0.83).</p> <p><b>Conclusion. </b>GM atrophy differed across disease phenotypes and progressed at 1-year in MS. In addition to global atrophy measures, sensorimotor and cerebellar GM atrophy explained baseline disability and clinical worsening.</p>
Data set from: Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.
<p>Data set from the paper "Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial" doi: <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3390%2Fmedicina57070713">10.3390/medicina57070713</a></p>
Raw data to "Macrophage Plasticity and Polarization Are Altered in the Experimental Model of Multiple Sclerosis"
<p>Background: Macrophages have been identified as one of the major effectors of inflammation and demyelination in both MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, the activation and heterogeneity of macrophages in MS is not fully understood.</p> <p>Results: We performed a complete immunophenotyping of M1 and M2 macrophages from EAE and control mice through polychromatic flow cytometry. We found that M1 macrophages possessed a higher proinflammatory profile in EAE compared to control mice, since they expressed higher levels of activation/co-stimulatory markers (iNOS, CD40 and CD80) (Table 1), cytokines/chemokines (IL-6, IL-12, CCL2 and CXCL10) (Table 2) and a higher expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR2) 2 and 5 (Table 3). On the contrary, M2 of EAE mice lost their M2-like phenotype by showing a decreased expression of their signature markers CD206, CD11c, CD44 and CCL22, and a concomitant upregulation of several M1 makers such as iNOS, CD40, CD80/CD86 (Table 1) and proinflammatory CCL22 (Table 2) and TLR4 and 8.</p> <p>Conclusions: Our data account for a phenotypic alteration of M1/M2 balance during MS and this can be of crucial importance not only for a better understanding of the immunopathology of this neurodegenerative disease but also to potentially develop new macrophage-centered therapeutic strategies</p>
Integrated single cell transcriptomics of cerebrospinal fluid cells in early Multiple Sclerosis
<p>h5ad file for "Integrated single cell transcriptomics of cerebrospinal fluid cells in early Multiple Sclerosis"</p>
Perturbation response scanning of drug-target networks: Drug repurposing for multiple sclerosis
<p>This dataset contains molecular dynamics trajectories and corresponding input files used for simulations. The simulations were conducted using GROMACS and include detailed information about the simulated systems, such as the types of molecules, box dimensions, temperature, pressure, simulation time range, and time step.</p>
Factors associated with vitamin D levels in Mongolian patients with multiple sclerosis
<p>Data to reproduce the results included in the manuscript "<span>Factors </span><span>a</span><span>ssociated with </span><span>v</span><span>itamin D </span><span>l</span><span>evels in Mongolian </span><span>p</span><span>atients with </span><span>m</span><span>ultiple </span><span>s</span><span>clerosis"</span></p>
Supplemental tables for: A periventricular gradient of innate immune cell activation in Multiple Sclerosis
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Objectives:</b> To explore <i>in-vivo</i> innate immune cell activation as a function of the distance from ventricular CSF in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) using [18F]-DPA714 PET, and to investigate its relationship with periventricular microstructural damage, evaluated by magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), and with trajectories of disability worsening.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Methods: </b>Thirty-seven MS patients and nineteen healthy controls underwent MRI and [18F]-DPA714 TSPO dynamic PET, from which individual maps of voxels characterized by innate immune cell activation (DPA+) were generated. White matter (WM) was divided in 3mm-thick concentric rings radiating from the ventricular surface toward the cortex, and the percentage of DPA+ voxels and mean MTR were extracted from each ring. Two-year trajectories of disability worsening were collected to identify patients with and without recent disability worsening.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Results: </b>The percentage of DPA+ voxels was higher in patients compared to controls in the periventricular WM (<span><span>p=6.10e-6</span></span>), and declined with increasing distance from ventricular surface, with a steeper gradient in patients compared to controls (<span><span>p=0.001</span></span>). This gradient was found both in periventricular lesions and normal-appearing WM. In the total WM, it correlated with a gradient of microstructural tissue damage measured by MTR (<span><span>r<sub>s</sub>=-0.65, p=1.0e-3</span></span>). When compared to clinically stable patients, patients with disability worsening were characterized <span><span>by a higher percentage of DPA+ voxels </span></span>in the periventricular normal-appearing WM (<span><span>p=0.025</span></span>).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Conclusions: </b>Our results demonstrate that in MS the innate immune cell activation predominates in periventricular regions and associates with microstructural damage and disability worsening. This could result from the diffusion of pro-inflammatory CSF-derived factors into surrounding tissues.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Safety of ocrelizumab in patients with relapsing and primary progressive multiple sclerosis
<p><b>Objective</b>: To report safety of ocrelizumab (OCR) up to 7 years in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) enrolled in clinical trials or treated in real-world postmarketing settings.</p> <p><b>Methods</b>: Safety analyses are based on integrated clinical and laboratory data for all patients who received OCR in 11 clinical trials, including the controlled treatment and open-label extension (OLE) periods of the phase 2 and 3 trials, plus the phase 3b trials VELOCE, CHORDS, CASTING, OBOE, ENSEMBLE, CONSONANCE, and LIBERTO. For selected adverse events (AEs), additional postmarketing data were used. Incidence rates of serious infections and malignancies were contextualized using multiple epidemiologic sources.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: At data cut-off (January 2020), 5,680 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) received OCR (18,218 patient years [PY] of exposure) in clinical trials. Rates per 100 PY (95% CI) of AEs (248; 246–251), serious AEs (7.3; 7.0–7.7), infusion-related reactions (25.9; 25.1–26.6), and infections (76.2; 74.9–77.4) were similar to those within the controlled treatment period of the phase 3 trials. Rates of the most common serious AEs, including serious infections (2.01; 1.81–2.23) and malignancies (0.46; 0.37–0.57), were consistent with the ranges reported in epidemiologic data.</p> <p><b>Conclusion</b>: Continuous administration of OCR for up to 7 years in clinical trials, as well as its broader use for more than 3 years in the real-world setting, are associated with a favorable and manageable safety profile, without emerging safety concerns in a heterogeneous MS population.</p> <p><b>Classification of Evidence</b>: This analysis provides Class III evidence that long-term, continuous treatment with OCR has a consistent and favorable safety profile in patients with RMS and PPMS. This study is rated Class III because of the use of OLE data and historical controls.</p>
Investigating the shared genetic architecture between multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases
<p>This directory contains custom codes and supplementary datasets generated for the study "Investigating the shared genetic architecture between multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel diseases".<br> </p>
Multiple Sclerosis lesions detection by a hybrid Watershed-Clustering algorithm
<p>Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developing in the last years with the aim of helping the diagnosis and monitoring of several diseases. We present a novel CAD system based on a hybrid Watershed-Clustering algorithm for the detection of lesions in Multiple Sclerosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans (FLAIR sequences without gadolinium) of 20 patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis with hyperintense lesions were studied. The CAD system consisted of the following automated processing steps: images recording, automated segmentation based on the Watershed algorithm, detection of lesions, extraction of both dynamic and morphological features, and classification of lesions by Cluster Analysis. The investigation was performed on 316 suspect regions including 255 lesion and 61 non-lesion cases. The Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis revealed a highly significant difference between lesions and non-lesions; the diagnostic accuracy was 87% (95% CI: 0.83–0.90), with an appropriate cut-off of 192.8; the sensitivity was 77% and the specificity was 87%. In conclusion, we developed a CAD system by using a modified algorithm for automated image segmentation which may discriminate MS lesions from non-lesions. The proposed method generates a detection out-put that may be support the clinical evaluation.</p>
An integrative cognitive rehabilitation using neurologic music therapy in multiple sclerosis
<p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease, affecting both the sensorimotor and cognitive systems. The typical pattern of cognitive impairment includes reduced speed of information processing, decreased phonological and semantic speech fluency, deficits in verbal and visual episodic memory, as well as attention and executive dysfunctions. We aimed to investigate the influence of the neurologic music therapy (NMT) on mood, motivation, emotion status, and cognitive functions in patients with MS.</p> <p>Methods:</p> <p>Thirty patients with MS were randomly divided in 2 groups: the control group (CG) undergoing conventional cognitive rehabilitation (CCR), 6 times a week for 8 weeks, and the experimental group (EG) undergoing CCR 3 times a week for 8 weeks plus NMT techniques, performed 3 times a week for 8 weeks. All the participants were submitted to the same amount of treatment. Each patient was evaluated before (baseline: T0) and immediately after the end of each training (T1).</p> <p>Main outcomes measures:</p> <p>We used as main outcome measure: the brief repeatable battery of neuropsychological test to assess various cognitive abilities; and the multiple sclerosis quality of life-54 (MSQoL-54).</p> <p>Results:</p> <p>Both the groups benefit from 8 weeks of CR. In particular, the EG got better results in cognitive function, with regard to selective reminding test long term storage (<em>P</em> < .000), long term retrieval (<em>P</em> = .007), and delayed recall of the 10/36 spatial recall test (<em>P</em> = .001), as compared with the CG. Moreover, the improvement in emotional status, motivation, mood and quality of life (with regard to the mental component; <em>P</em> < .000) was more evident in the EG.</p> <p>Conclusions:</p> <p>NMT could be considered a complementary approach to enhance CCR in patients affected by MS.</p>
Twin pregnancy outcome following teriflunomide treatment in a relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patient
<p>Teriflunomide is a disease-modifying drug that has been approved for treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Due to its teratogenic effect in animals, however, it is not recommended during pregnancy. For this reason, effective contraception must be used during its administration. When an unscheduled pregnancy occurs during therapy, patients must undergo a cholestyramine procedure for rapid flushing of the drug. We describe the case of a 35-year-old female patient suffering diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis at the age of 20. The patient as a result of side effects of previous therapies started taking teriflunomide. Despite recommendations for the use of contraceptives, the patient became pregnant during drug therapy. Pregnancy occurred 12 months after initiating teriflunomide treatment. Therapy with teriflunomide was immediately suspended and cholestyramine was prescribed (8 g 3 times a day, for 11 days) to flush out any residual drug from the body. Despite an 8-week exposure to teriflumomide during gestation, the patient gave birth to healthy twin girls at 35<sup>th</sup> week. Controls carried out after birth did not reveal any malformation or genetic and chromosomal abnormality. At a 5-month pediatric specialist check both babies were healthy and growing regularly. This shows that even if there is evidence of teratogenic effects in animals, an 8-week exposure to teraflunomide >0.02 mg/L did not have effects on the newborn.</p>
Identification of protein-protein interaction bridges for multiple sclerosis
<p>Supplementary data for thesis "Identification of protein-protein interaction bridges for multiple sclerosis"</p>
Burden and resources in caregivers of people with multiple sclerosis: a qualitative study
<p><strong><em>Background: </em></strong><em>Caregivers of people with Multiple Sclerosis are required to provide ongoing assistance especially during the advanced stages of the disease. They have to manage interventions and assume responsibilities which significantly impact both their personal quality </em>of life and family’s dynamics. </p> <p><strong><em>Objective: </em></strong><em>A qualitative phenomenological study was carried out to understand the experience of burden in caregivers and their resources to manage it. The study also explores how healthcare services involved in the Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Pathway respond to the needs of well-being of patients and family members.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Methods: </em></strong><em>17 caregivers were involved in focus groups and in semi-structured individual interviews.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Results: </em></strong><em>Fatigue is experienced by all respondents and it starts when physical disabilities increase or when people become aware of them. Many caregivers declare that they refer to intrinsic (love towards their relatives, patience and dedication) or extrinsic (family members, hobbies) resources to cope with the burden of assistance. Patient associations and the Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Pathway play a significant role in supporting caregivers. </em></p> <p><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong></p> <p><em>Fatigue, loneliness, and isolation are experienced by caregivers and strongly affect their quality of life and health status. The study highlights caregivers’ need to reconcile working times with care times, to give more space to self-care and to have moments to share their experiences with someone else. These needs should be at the core of health policies in order to avoid physical and emotional breakdowns which could lead to the rupture of the relational balance on which home care is based. </em></p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.