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515 results for “prescribing”
Can prescribed fires restore C4 grasslands invaded by a C3 woody species and a co-dominant C3 grass species?
<p>Prescribed fire is used to reduce woody plant invasion and restore herbaceous production and diversity in grasslands and savannas worldwide. Here we determined if a concentrated series of repeated-winter, repeated-summer, or alternate-season (winter and summer) fires in a short timeframe ("transition fires") could catalyze the restoration of C<sub>4</sub> perennial grasses in Southern Great Plains, USA grasslands that had become dominated by a fire-tolerant C<sub>3</sub> woody N<sub>2</sub>-fixer (honey mesquite, <i>Prosopis glandulosa</i>) and a C<sub>3</sub> perennial bunchgrass (Texas wintergrass, <i>Nassella leucotricha</i>). We applied transition fires over a 5-year span, and maintenance fires on a portion of each plot 7 or 8 years later. We measured herbaceous standing biomass and cover and soil variables (soil organic C, N, δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N) in unburned, transition-burned and maintenance-burned treatments. Greater δ<sup>13</sup>C at 10-20 (-17 ‰) than 0-10 (-20 ‰) cm depth increment confirmed that vegetation was historically mostly C<sub>4</sub> grassland that shifted towards C<sub>3</sub> dominance. Transition treatments with summer fire were most effective at top-killing mesquite, but no treatments root-killed >3%. Regrowth of top-killed mesquite was similar in all treatments and reached pre-fire height by 9 to 10 years post-fire. Herbaceous production and cover responses showed that: (1) alternate-season transition fires increased C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass, but did not change Texas wintergrass, (2) repeated-summer fires reduced Texas wintergrass, but did not change C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass, and (3) repeated-winter fires did not change C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass or Texas wintergrass compared to the unburned control. All maintenance fires stimulated Texas wintergrass biomass and cover, thus eliminating the reduction of Texas wintergrass caused by repeated-summer transition fires. There were no long-term effects of transition fires on soil C, N, δ<sup>13</sup>C or δ<sup>15</sup>N. Results advance our understanding of the expectations and limitations of prescribed fire in shifting a woodland alternate state toward what was historically a fire supported C<sub>4</sub> grassland/savanna.</p>
The survey data of patients, prescribers, and pharmacists' feedback on ePrescription systems security and privacy
<p><b>Objective: </b>To evaluate the attitudes of the parties (i.e. patients, prescribers, and pharmacists) involved in the ePrescription systems toward the new features and measure the potential benefits of introducing the use of blockchain and machine learning (ML) to strengthen the in-place methods for safely prescribing and dispensing<span><span> medication. </span></span></p> <p><b>Methods: </b>The survey contains questions about the features introduced in the proposed approach of using blockcahin and ML in the ePrescription system to evaluate the security, privacy, reliability, and availability of the ePrescription information in the system.</p> <p>The study population is comprised of 284 respondents in the patient group, 39 respondents in the pharmacist group, and 27 respondents in the prescriber group, all of whom met the inclusion criteria. The response rate was 80% (226/284) in the patient group, 87% (34/39) in the pharmacist group, and 96% (26/27) in the prescriber group. We removed the responses of participants who did not complete the surevy questions.</p> <p><b>Conclusion: </b>Our survey showed that a vast majority of respondents in all groups had positive attitudes towards using blockchain and ML algorithms to safely prescribe medications. However, a need for minor improvements regarding the proposed features was identified, and a post-implementation user study is needed to evaluate the proposed ePrescription system in depth.</p>
Prescribed fire regimes influence responses of fungal and bacterial communities on new litter substrates in a brackish tidal marsh
<p>Datasets including R code and .csv files of ESV data for fungal and bacterial communities in samples.</p>
Data from: Perioperative medication management: expanding the role of the preadmission clinic pharmacist in a single centre, randomised controlled trial of collaborative prescribing
Objectives: Current evidence to support non-medical prescribing is predominantly qualitative, with little evaluation of accuracy, safety and appropriateness. Our aim was to evaluate a new model of service for the Australia healthcare system, of inpatient medication prescribing by a pharmacist in an elective surgery pre admission clinic (PAC) against usual care, using an endorsed performance framework. Design: Single centre, randomised controlled, two arm trial Setting: Elective surgery pre admission clinic in Brisbane based tertiary hospital Participants: Four hundred adults scheduled for elective surgery were randomised to intervention or control. Intervention: A pharmacist generated the inpatient medication chart to reflect the patient's regular medication, made a plan for medication perioperatively and prescribed VTE prophylaxis. In the control arm, the medication chart was generated by the Resident Medical Officers (RMO). Outcome Measures: Primary outcome was frequency of omissions and prescribing errors when compared against the medication history. The clinical significance of omissions was also analysed. Secondary outcome was appropriateness of VTE prophylaxis prescribing. Results: There were significantly less unintended omissions of medications: 11 of 887 (1.2%) intervention orders compared with 383 of 1217 (31.5%) control (p<0.001). There were significantly less prescribing errors involving selection of drug, dose or frequency: 2 in 857 (0.2%) intervention orders compared with 51 in 807 (6.3%) control (p<0.001). Orders with at least one component of the prescription missing, incorrect or unclear occurred in 20826 of 904 (235%) intervention orders and 445667 of 1034 (4364.5%) control (p<0.001). VTE prophylaxis on admission to the ward was appropriate in 93% of intervention patients and 90% control (p=0.29). Conclusion: Medication charts in the intervention arm contained fewer clinically significant omissions, and prescribing errors, when compared to control. There was no difference in appropriateness of VTE prophylaxis on admission between the two groups. Trial Registration: Registered with ANZCTR – ACTR Number ACTRN12609000426280
Active components of commonly prescribed medicines affect influenza A virus-host cell interaction: a pilot study
<p>Supplementary file</p>
Improving Antibiotic Prescribing for Pediatric Respiratory Infections by Family Physicians With Peer Comparison
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04588376. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 6.
PRescribing INterventions for Chronic Pain Via the Electronic Health Record Study - Opioid-Naive Population
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04601493. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
EMR Defaults to Nudge Opioid Prescribing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04155229. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Electronic Defaults to Reduce Opioid Prescribing in Dentistry Practices
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03030469. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing in Family Practice
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03674775. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 36.
Prescribe to Prevent HIV: A Hybrid Trial Helping Addiction Clinics Prevent HIV & Infections Through Safer Drug Use Support
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07073924. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Observational Study in Infants Who Are Prescribed Treatment With Keppra® (Levetiracetam) Oral Solution
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01210690. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 7. Publications: 0.
Pragmatic Cluster Trial for Nursing Home Antipsychotic Prescribing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02604056. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
A Clinician-Focused Nudging Intervention to Optimize Post-Surgical Prescribing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05299528. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Drug Utilization Study on the Prescribing Indications for Yasmin® and Other OCs in Croatia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01319500. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
A Trial of Academic Detailing to Promote Prescribing of Biosimilars
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07221890. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Comparing State Payer Strategies to Prevent Unsafe Opioid Prescribing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03932799. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
DUS on the Prescribing Indications for CPA/EE in 5 European Countries
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02494297. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Improving Antimicrobial-Prescribing in Emergency Departments
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03349567. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Medication Metronome Project - Study to Facilitate Follow-up Testing Resulting From Prescribed Medications to Improve Patient Safety and Care
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01586897. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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