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FIGURE 5 in Benefits and limits of x-ray micro-computed tomography for visualization of colonization and bioerosion of shelled organisms
FIGURE 5. Minute conulariid specimen. (A) Conulariid specimen of Archaeoconularia fecunda and trepostome bryozoan colony; coated with ammonium chloride, no. NMP L21990, locality Loděnice, Upper Ordovician, Zahořany Formation (lower Katian) (B) Micro-CT visualizing of inner surfaces. Scale bar equals 5 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Benefits and limits of x-ray micro-computed tomography for visualization of colonization and bioerosion of shelled organisms
FIGURE 3. Siliceous nodules of the Šárka Formation. (A, B) Pricyclopyge binodosa, complete trilobite, no. NMP L 35055, locality Praha-Šárka, Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian), (A) Enrolled trilobite coated with ammonium chloride, exterior of objects. (B) Micro-CT image showing dense burrows, interior of objects. (C, D) Rostrum with eyes of a trilobite P. binodosa, no. NMP L46892, locality Praha-Šárka, Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian). (C) Rostrum coated with ammonium chloride, exterior of objects. (D) Micro-CT visualization of tunnels, interior of objects. (E) Bivalve Redonia deshayesi, micro-CT image showing trace fossils, interior of objects, no. NMP L 51722, locality Osek, Middle Ordovician (Darriwilian). All scale bars equal 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Benefits and limits of x-ray micro-computed tomography for visualization of colonization and bioerosion of shelled organisms
FIGURE 2. Custom-made holders specially adapted for each scanned specimen. (A) Plastic cup. (B) Polystyrene holder. (C) Aluminum holder for small specimens. (D) Plastic tube filled with polystyrene.
FIGURE 1 in Benefits and limits of x-ray micro-computed tomography for visualization of colonization and bioerosion of shelled organisms
FIGURE 1. (A) Single x-ray projection. Schematic representation of positioning of the investigated object inside x-ray device. (B) Multiple x-ray projections as the object rotates. Positioning of investigated object inside micro-CT device. (C) Example of 3D dataset, i.e., a group of 2D slice images acquired by the MicroCT scanner. (D) Examples of Volume rendering; technique in visualization and computer graphics, used to display object from 3D data set in different aspects and orientations.
FIGURE 6 in Benefits and limits of x-ray micro-computed tomography for visualization of colonization and bioerosion of shelled organisms
FIGURE 6. Tube fragments of the serpulid polychaete Pyrgopolon (Pyrgopolon) deforme. Left images show exterior of objects; right images show interior of objects. (A) Specimen encrusted with bryozoan colonies and serpulid worms, boreholes assigned to Entobia Bronn, 1837, representing the most common ichnogenus in the examined serpulid tubes, no. MHNLM EMV 2016.3.14. (B) Intensely bored specimen preserving tunnels of ichnogenera Entobia and Trypanites Mägdefrau, 1932, no. MHNLM EMV 2016.3.44. (C) Serpulid tube with Entobia boreholes and encrusting juvenile oyster, no. MHNLM EMV 2016.3.40. Scale bar equals 1 cm.
FIGURE 5 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 5 Spatial distribution of juvenile Raja clavata (<60 cm) catch per unit effort (CPUE) from annual Shetland inshore fish surveys (SIFS) conducted between 2017 and 2022. Blue crosses indicate inshore habitat surveys (20–50 m water depth), and red crosses indicate shallow water habitat surveys (50–150 m water depth). The size of circle indicates CPUE. The location of each R. clavata individual was assigned as the midpoint of the associated tow.
FIGURE 2 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 2 Catch per unit effort (CPUE) of Raja clavata for the shallow (red) (2017–2022) and inshore (blue) (2011–2022) survey locations. The mean result is shown by solid lines, and the shaded area represents the variability between tows (standard error).
FIGURE 1 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 1 Inshore (blue) and shallow (red) survey tow habitats during Shetland Inshore Fish Survey. Tows identified by their station code and corresponding fishing grounds, for example, HA01, Fitful Head.
FIGURE 4 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 4 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot showing ordinations generated from a Bray–Curtis similarity matrix on Raja clavata catch per unit effort (CPUE) Bray-Curtis similarities between shallow water and inshore habitat tow locations. Surveys are grouped into shallow (red) and inshore (blue) habitats. Labels represent survey habitat and year, for example, I22 = Inshore survey conducted in 2022. nMDS plot 2D stress is 0.06, indicating a clear distinction of the two clusters (dashed lines). Inset picture shows two Raja clavata sampled in a tow; basket diameter at base is 35 cm.
FIGURE 3 in Population ecology and juvenile density hotspots of thornback ray (Raja clavata) around the Shetland Islands, Scotland
FIGURE 3 Length-frequency distribution, by sex, of Raja clavata in shallow and inshore locations from 2017 to 2022. This presents raw count data, before standardization to account for tow effort. Counts are summed up across the years 2017–2022.
Fig. 3 in Feeding convergence among ray-finned fishes: Teeth of the herbivorous actinopterygians from the latest Permian of East European Platform, Russia
Fig. 3. Comparison of teeth of actinopterygian fish Isadia spp. from the Late Permian of Sokovka, Russia with their Recent equivalents. A, B. Isadia aristoviensis. C–E. Labeotropheus fuelleborni (C from Streelman et al. 2003; D, E from Abertson and Kocher 2006). F, G. Isadia suchonensis. H, J. Monotocheirodon kontos (from Menezes et al. 2013). I. Bryconamericus lethostigmus (from Hirschmann et al. 2017). K, L. Isadia arefievi. M–O. Eretmodus cyanosticus (M from Rüber et al. 1999; N, O from Boulenger 1915). Not to scale.
Fig. 2 in Feeding convergence among ray-finned fishes: Teeth of the herbivorous actinopterygians from the latest Permian of East European Platform, Russia
Fig. 2. The isolated teeth of actinopterygian fish Isadia from the Sokovka outcrop, Vyazniki, Russia, late Permian (Upper Vyatkian). A–D. Isadia aristoviensis Minikh, 1990, mandibulary teeth. A. ZPAL V.51/1, lingual view. B. ZPAL V.51/2, labial view. C. ZPAL V.51/3, lingual view. D. ZPAL V.51/4, labial view. E–I. Isadia aristoviensis Minikh, 1990, maxillary teeth. E. ZPAL V.51/6, lingual view. F. ZPAL V.51/7, labial view. G. ZPAL V.51/5, lingual view. H. ZPAL V.51/8, lingual view. I. ZPAL V.51/9, labial view. J. Isadia arefievi Minikh, 2015, ZPAL V.51/10, mandibular tooth,?lingual view. K, L. Isadia suchonensis Minikh, 1986, mandibular teeth. K. ZPAL V.51/11, lingual (K1) and lateral (K2) views. L. ZPAL V.51/12, labial view. M. Isadia suchonensis Minikh, 1986, ZPAL V.51/13, maxillary teeth,?labial view. Scale bars 1 mm (A–I), 0.5 mm (J, K, M), 0.2 mm (L).
Figure 3 in X-ray microtomography of the late Carboniferous whip scorpions (Arachnida, Thelyphonida) Geralinura britannica and Proschizomus petrunkevitchi
Figure 3. Results of the cladistic analysis presented herein under equal weights parsimony and Bayesian inference. Top: topology within the pantetrapulmonates, in particular between the Haptopoda, Amblypygi, Thelyphopnida and Schizomida, in both parsimony and Bayesian analyses. Bottom: the relationships recovered for all arachnid and chelicerate orders using the topology from the Bayesian analysis (the arachnid-wide parsimony topology is included in the Supplemental material). Support values are bootstrap/ jackknife (parsimony) or posterior probabilities (Bayesian); plotted against geological time using equal branch lengths between fossil taxa (see Methods). Taxon images either drawn for this publication, or from Lozano-Fernandez et al. (2019).
Fig. 1 in Feeding convergence among ray-finned fishes: Teeth of the herbivorous actinopterygians from the latest Permian of East European Platform, Russia
Fig. 1. Location of the fish-bearing site and details of the exposed section. A. Map of the Eastern Europe with position of Vyazniki (BY, Belarus, LV, Latvia; EST, Estonia; LT, Lithuania). B. The area around the town of Vyazniki with position of Sokovka site (star). C. Photograph of the Sokovka section from 2013 and exposure of the fish-bearing deposits. D. The simplified section from Sokovka site showing the fish-bearing layers. Modified from Newell et al. 2010, Owocki et al. 2012, and Bajdek et al. 2017.
Experimental X-ray Diffraction Data for "Cooling-Induced Order-Disorder Phase Transition in CsPbBr3 Nanocrystal Superlattices"
<p>Experimental X-ray diffraction data: </p> <p>-- temperature-dependent diffraction patterns (theta:2theta, rocking curves) for C18 and C8 CsPbBr3 nanocrystal superlattice samples;</p> <p>-- room temperature diffraction patterns (theta:2theta, rocking curves) for C6, C8, C10, C12, and C18 CsPbBr3 nanocrystal superlattices;</p> <p>in all files, first column is angle in degrees and the second column is intensity.</p>
[Data] Acoustic emission signature of martensitic transformation in Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Ti6Al4V-Fe, supported by operando X-ray diffraction
<p>The dataset for this study focuses on investigating Acoustic Emission (AE) monitoring in the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process, using premixed Ti6Al4V-(x wt%) Fe, where x = 0, 3, and 6. By employing a structure-borne AE sensor, we analyze AE data statistically, uncovering notable discrepancies within the 50-750 kHz frequency range. Leveraging Machine Learning (ML) methodologies, we accurately predict composition for particular processing conditions. These fluctuations in AE signals primarily arise from unique microstructural alterations linked to martensitic phase transformation, corroborated by operando synchrotron X-ray diffraction and post-mortem SEM and EBSD analysis. Moreover, cracks are evident at the periphery of the printed parts, stemming from local inadequate heat input during the blending of Ti6Al4V with added Fe powder. These cracks are discerned via AE signals subsequent to the cessation of the laser beam, correlating with the presence of brittle intermetallics at their junction. This study highlights for the first time the potential of AE monitoring in reliably detecting footprints of martensitic transformations during the LPBF process. Additionally, AE is shown to prove valuable for assessing crack formations, particularly in scenarios involving premixed powders and necessitating precise selection of processing parameters, notably at part edges.</p>
X-ray linear dichroic tomography of crystallographic and topological defects
<p>Open Data for "X-ray linear dichroic tomography of crystallographic and topological defects" published in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08233-y">Nature <strong>636</strong>, 354 (2024) </a></p> <div> </div> <div>Full citation:</div> <div>A. Apseros, V. Scagnoli, M. Holler, M. Guizar-Sicairos, Z. Gao, C. Appel, L. J. Heyderman, C. Donnelly & J. Ihli </div> <div>X-ray linear dichroic tomography of crystallographic and topological defects.</div> <div><em>Nature <strong>636</strong>, 354</em> (2024).</div> <div>https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08233-y</div>
Overcoming the Probing-Depth Dilemma in Spectroscopic Analyses of Batteries with Muon-Induced X-ray Emission (MIXE)
<p>Datasets used in the publication "Overcoming the Probing-Depth Dilemma in Spectroscopic Analyses of Batteries with Muon-Induced X-ray Emission (MIXE)".</p> <p>fig_2: MIXE spectra of (a) an empty laminated Al pouch, (b) a Li metal foil in a laminated Al pouch, (c) a NMC622 electrode in a laminated Al pouch</p> <p>fig_3: MIXE spectrum of a NMC811 electrode in a laminated Al pouch, measured at 23.8 MeV/c</p> <p>fig_4b: Muon stopping profile simulated using PHITS for the cell geometry depicted in Figure 4a of the main manuscript</p> <p>fig_4c: Depth-resolved MIXE spectra of a NMC811||graphite Li-ion battery. Raw data at the 11 momenta measured, and table with the integrated peak areas for selected (K-L) lines.</p> <p><strong><em>Update in version 2: raw datasets now have one energy column for each momentum. The datasets are of different lengths for each momentum and there was and error in copying the data in version 1. </em></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>fig_4c: Table with calculated elemental ratios of the different transition metals (Ni, Mn and Co), at the momenta corresponding to implantation in the NMC811 electrode</p> <p>fig_s2: MIXE spectrum of a NMC622 electrode in a laminated Al pouch, measured at 23.0 MeV/c</p> <p>fig_s3: MIXE spectrum of a NMC111 electrode in a laminated Al pouch, measured at 22.8 MeV/c</p> <p>fig_s4_s5_simulations: Raw data of the muon implantation simulations for the NMC811/graphite cell </p> <p><strong><em>Update in version 2: added fig_s4_s5_simulations file</em></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>fig_s6: Labelled MIXE spectra (all peaks identified) of a NMC811 electrode in a laminated Al pouch, measured at 24.0, 26.0 and 28.0 MeV/c</p>
Testing Protocols for Obtaining Reliable PDFs from Laboratory x-ray Sources Using PDFgetX3
<p>In this work, we explored data acquisition protocols and improved data reduction protocols using PDFgetX3 to obtain reliable data for atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis from a laboratory-based Mo x-ray source. A variable counting scheme is described that preferentially counts in the high-angle region of the diffraction pattern. The effects on the resulting PDF are studied by varying the overall count time, the use of Soller slits, and limiting the out-of-plane divergence of the incident beam. The protocols are tested using an amorphous silica and a quartz sample. We also present a modification to the current PDFgetX3 data corrections to take care of sample absorption, which was previously neglected in the use of that program for high-energy synchrotron x-ray data. We show that, despite limitations in the Q-range and flux of laboratory instruments, reasonable data for PDF model fits may be obtained using the best protocols in a few hours of counting. </p>
FIG. 1. — A in From fin rays to DNA: supplementary morphological and molecular data to identify Mormyrus subundulatus Roberts, 1989 (Pisces: Mormyridae) from the Bandama River in Côte d'Ivoire
FIG. 1. — A, radiography of the paratype SU 63507 Mormyrus subundulatus Roberts, 1989 from the Tano River (© California Academy of Sciences, Dept. of Ichthyology); B, specimen number MNHN-IC-2018-0558 caught in the Bandama River near the type locality; C, specimen number MNHN-IC-2018-0559. Scale bar: A, 10 cm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.