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386 results for “Sea anemone”
Data from: Endogenous tagging of multiple cellular components in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
<p>Data from: Endogenous tagging of multiple cellular components in the sea anemone <em>Nematostella</em> <em>vectensis </em></p> <p>The cnidarian <em>Nematostella</em> <em>vectensis</em> is a powerful model system to study the mechanisms underlying animal development. However, endogenous protein tagging is still challenging. Here we provide information to knock-in fluorescent protein reporters (at lamin, actin, mhc, cdh1, sec61b, rab11a and col4 loci) in <em>the Nematostella</em> genome using CRISPR/Cas9.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Halcurias uchidai sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Actiniaria): putting a name with a face of a deep-sea anemone and amending a nomenclature lapsus
FIGURE 2. Preserved, in situ and living images of Halcurias uchidai sp. nov. a) lateral view of preserved and dissected holotype (AMNH Cat. Cnidaria–5125). b) Several specimens settled closely. c) Lateral view of expanded specimen (AMNH_ IZC_ 00361500). d), e), f) Oral view of expanded specimens; notice the bright orange mouth; g) Detail of retracted specimen depicted in d). In situ images (b–g) courtesy of Deepwater Canyons 2012 Expedition, NOAA-OER/BOEM. Scale bars: a–e, 300 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Halcurias uchidai sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Actiniaria): putting a name with a face of a deep-sea anemone and amending a nomenclature lapsus
FIGURE 1. Map showing the geographic distribution of Halcurias uchidai sp. nov. Numbers in rectangles indicate the corresponding magnified area. Asterisks, type locality; black triangles, additional localities.
Genetic adaptations of sea anemone to hydrothermal environment
<p>Supplementary Data for</p> <p>Genetic adaptations of sea anemone to hydrothermal environment</p>
FIGURE 5 in Bellactis lux n. sp. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Aiptasiidae), a new sea anemone from the Gulf of Mexico
FIGURE 5. In situ images without scale bars of B. lux associated with P. yucatanticus taken by N. Sheridan (A) and H. Thoricht (B).
FIGURE 4 in Bellactis lux n. sp. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Aiptasiidae), a new sea anemone from the Gulf of Mexico
FIGURE 4. In situ images without scales bars of members of Bellactis. Image of B. ilkalyseae (A) sourced on I naturalist, image by Flávio Mendes (accessed: 03/10/2023: https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/16219556). Image of B. caeruleus (B) sourced on I naturalist image by Kerry Lewis (accessed: 03/10/2023: (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/258169455). Image of B. lux (C) image by N. Sheridan.
FIGURE 2 in Bellactis lux n. sp. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Aiptasiidae), a new sea anemone from the Gulf of Mexico
FIGURE 2. Histology of Bellactis lux, n. sp. A. Cross section through column just below actinopharynx, showing cycles of mesenteries (Roman numerals). The scale bar 2mm. B. Close up of mesenteries, proximal to view in A, showing one mesentery from each of two pairs in the first cycle and later cycles between them. The scale bar 200µm. C. Longitudinal section through distal column. Sphincter muscle is very weak, consisting of a single band of alveolae within the mesoglea. The mesoglea is not thicker in the sphincter region than proximally. Photosymbionts are small, red-stained inclusions in the distal column endoderm. The scale bar 250µm. D. Cross section through a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal musculature (LM), mesoglea (M) and dense dinoflagellates (Df) in tentacle endoderm. The scale bar 250µm. E. Longitudinal section through the column, showing an aconitum (Ac) protruding through a cinclide. Note the slight difference between thickness of ectoderm and mesoglea in distal column (top of image) and mid column, near cinclide.
FIGURE 6 in Bellactis lux n. sp. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Aiptasiidae), a new sea anemone from the Gulf of Mexico
FIGURE 6. Map of recorded observation of members of the genus Bellactis. Data were retrieved from iNaturalist, GBIF and personal records.
Data from: Analysis of direct and indirect genetic effects in fighting sea anemones
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Data from: Endogenous tagging of multiple cellular components in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
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Data from: Temperature-dependent growth and fission rate plasticity drive seasonal and geographic changes in body size in a clonal sea anemone
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Host identity and symbiotic association affects the genetic and taxonomic diversity of the clownfish-hosting sea anemone microbiome
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Data from: Comparative phylogeography of three host sea anemones in the Indo-Pacific
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Facultative chemosynthesis in a deep-sea anemone from hydrothermal vents in the Pescadero Basin, Gulf of California
<p><span><i>Background</i></span></p> <p><span>Numerous deep-sea invertebrates have formed symbiotic associations with internal chemosynthetic bacteria in order to harness inorganic energy sources typically unavailable to most animals. Despite success in nearly all marine habitats and their well-known associations with photosynthetic symbionts, Cnidaria remain without a clear dependence on hydrothermal vents and chemosynthetic bacterial symbionts specifically.</span></p> <p><span><i>Results</i></span></p> <p><span>A new chemosynthetic symbiosis between the sea anemone <i>Ostiactis pearseae </i>(Daly & Gusmão, 2007) and intracellular bacteria was discovered at ~3700 m deep hydrothermal vents in the southern Pescadero Basin, Gulf of California. Unlike most sea anemones observed from chemically-reduced habitats, this species was observed in and amongst vigorously venting fluids, side-by-side with the chemosynthetic tubeworm <i>Oasisia </i>aff.<i> alvinae</i>. Individuals of <i>O. pearseae </i>displayed carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur tissue isotope values suggestive of a distinct nutritional strategy from conventional Actiniaria suspension feeding or prey capture (average d<sup>13</sup>C -29.1‰, d<sup>15</sup>N 1.6‰, and d<sup>34</sup>S -1.1‰). Molecular and microscopic evidence confirmed the presence of intracellular SUP05-related bacteria housed in the tentacle epidermis of <i>O. pearseae</i> specimens collected from 5 hydrothermally-active structures within two vent fields ~2 km apart. SUP05 bacteria dominated the <i>O. pearseae</i> bacterial community (64-96% of the total bacterial community based on 16S rRNA sequencing), but were not recovered from other nearby anemones, and were generally rare in the surrounding water (< 7% of the total community). Further, the specific <i>Ostiactis</i>-associated SUP05 phylotypes were not detected in the environment, indicating a specific association. Two unusual candidate bacterial phyla (the OD1 and BD1-5 groups) also appeared to associate exclusively with <i>O. pearseae</i> and may play a role in sulfur cycling.</span></p> <p><span><i>Conclusion</i></span></p> <p><span><i>Ostiactis pearseae</i> represents the first member of Cnidaria described to date to have a physical and nutritional alliance with chemosynthetic bacteria. The facultative nature of this symbiosis is consistent with the dynamic relationships formed by both the SUP05 bacterial group and Anthozoa. The advantages gained by appropriating metabolic and structural resources from each other presumably contribute to their striking abundance in the Pescadero Basin, at the deepest known hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean.</span></p>
Data from: How does environment influence fighting? The effects of tidal flow on resource value and fighting costs in sea anemones
An animal's decision to enter into a fight depends on the interaction between perceived resource value (V) and fighting costs (C). Both could be altered by predictable environmental fluctuations. For intertidal marine animals, such as the sea anemone Actinia equina, exposure to high flow during the tidal cycle may increase V by bringing more food. It may also increase C via energy expenditure needed to attach to the substrate. We asked whether simulated tidal cycles would alter decisions in fighting A. equina. We exposed some individuals to still water and others to simulated tidal cycles. To gain insights into V, we measured their startle responses before and after exposure to the treatments, before staging dyadic fights. Individuals exposed to flow present shorter startle responses, suggesting that flowing water indicates high V compared with still water. A higher probability of winning against no-flow individuals and longer contests between flow individuals suggests that increased V increases persistence. However, encounters between flow individuals were less likely to escalate, suggesting that C is not directly related to V. Therefore, predictable environmental cycles alter V and C, but in complex ways.
Data from: Phylogenetic signal in mitochondrial and nuclear markers in sea anemones (Cnidaria, Actiniaria)
The mitochondrial genome of basal animals is generally more slowly evolving than that of bilaterians. This difference in rate complicates the study of relationships among members of these lineages and the discovery of cryptic species or the testing of morphological species concepts within them. We explore the properties of mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal genes in the cnidarian order Actiniaria, using both an ordinal-scale and familyfamilial-scale sample of taxa. Although the markers do not show significant incongruence, they differ in their phylogenetic informativeness and the kinds of relationships they resolve. Among the markers studied here, the fragments of 12S rDNA and 18S rDNA most effectively recover well-supported nodes; those of 16S rDNA and 28S rDNA are less effective. The general patterns we observed are similar to those in other hexacorallians, although Actiniaria alone show saturation of transitions for orderordinal-scale analyses.
Data from: Diel patterning in the bacterial community associated with the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
Microbes can play an important role in the physiology of animals by providing essential nutrients, inducing immune pathways, and influencing the specific species that compose the microbiome through competitive or facilitatory interactions. The community of microbes associated with animals can be dynamic depending on the local environment, and factors that influence the composition of the microbiome are essential to our understanding of how microbes may influence the biology of their animal hosts. Regularly repeated changes in the environment, such as diel lighting, can result in two different organismal responses: a direct response to the presence and absence of exogenous light and endogenous rhythms resulting from a molecular circadian clock, both of which can influence the associated microbiota. Here, we report how diel lighting and a potential circadian clock impacts the diversity and relative abundance of bacteria in the model cnidarian Nematostella vectensis using an amplicon-based sequencing approach. Comparisons of bacterial communities associated with anemones cultured in constant darkness and in light:dark conditions revealed that individuals entrained in the dark had a more diverse microbiota. Overall community composition showed little variation over a 24-hour period in either treatment; however, abundances of individual bacterial OTUs showed significant cycling in each treatment. A comparative analysis of genes involved in the innate immune system of cnidarians showed differential expression between lighting conditions in N. vectensis, with significant up-regulation during long-term darkness for a subset of genes. Together, our studies support a hypothesis that the bacterial community associated with this species is relatively stable under diel light conditions when compared with static conditions and that particular bacterial members may have time-dependent abundance that coincides with the diel photoperiod in an otherwise stable community.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of sea anemone from the Chilean fjord region, Paraisanthus fabiani (Actiniaria: Isanthidae), with a discussion of the family Isanthidae Carlgren, 1938
FIGURE 4. Cnidae of Paraisanthus fabiani. Letters A-P correspond to cnidae listed in Table 2.
FIGURE 1 in First Inventory of Sea Anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) of the Mexican Caribbean
FIGURE 1.—Map of the Mexican Caribbean, indicating locations of specimens reported in this account.
FIGURE 2 in New sea anemone (Anthozoa: Actiniaria) from Patagonia: Andvakia manoloi sp. nov.
FIGURE 2. External anatomy of Andvakia manoloi sp. nov. Arrow points to tenaculum.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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