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345 results for “Sex chromosome”
Deregulated sex chromosome gene expression with male germ cell-specific loss of Dicer1 (miRNA array data)
GEO Series GSE38895. Mus musculus. 5 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by array.
The XX sex chromosome complement provides enhanced responses to heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae immunization in a gut microbiome-dependent manner.
GEO Series GSE244866. Mus musculus. 19 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Loss of epigenetic modifications on the inactive X chromosome and sex-biased gene expression profiles in B cells from NZB/W F1 mice with lupus-like disease
GEO Series GSE140277. Mus musculus. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Sex chromosomes versus gonadal hormones in neonatal hyperoxic lung injury
GEO Series GSE162853. Mus musculus. 48 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Sex chromosome linked genetic variance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism of quantitative traits
Theory predicts that sex chromsome linkage should reduce intersexual genetic correlations thereby allowing the evolution of sexual dimorphism. Empirical evidence for sex linkage has come largely from crosses and few studies have examined how sexual dimorphism and sex linkage are related within outbred populations. Here we use data on an array of different traits measured on over 10,000 individuals from two pedigreed populations of birds (collared flycatcher and zebra finch) to estimate the amount of sex linked genetic variance (h2z). Out of 17 traits examined, eight showed a non-zero h2Z estimate but only four were significantly different from zero (wing patch size and tarsus length in collared flycatchers, wing length and beak colour in zebra finches). We further tested how sexual dimorphism and the mode of selection operating on the trait relate to the proportion of sex linked genetic variance. Sexually selected traits did not show higher h2Z than morphological traits and there was only a weak positive relationship between h2Z and sexual dimorphism. However, given the relative scarcity of empirical studies it is premature to make conclusions about the role sex chromosome linkage in the evolution of sexual dimorphism.
Data from: The fate of W chromosomes in hybrids between wild silkmoths, Samia cynthia ssp.: no role in sex determination and reproduction
Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) have sex chromosome systems with female heterogamety (WZ/ZZ or derived variants). The maternally inherited W chromosome is known to determine female sex in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. However, little is known about the role of W chromosome in other lepidopteran species. Here we describe two forms of the W chromosome, W and neo-W, that are transmitted to both sexes in offspring of hybrids from reciprocal crosses between subspecies of wild silkmoths, Samia cynthia. We performed crosses between S. c. pryeri (2n=28, WZ/ZZ) and S. c. walkeri (2n=26, neo-Wneo-Z/neo-Zneo-Z) and examined fitness and sex chromosome constitution in their hybrids. The F1 hybrids of both reciprocal crosses had reduced fertility. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed not only the expected sex chromosome constitutions in the backcross and F2 hybrids of both sexes but also females without the W (or neo-W) chromosome and males carrying the W (or neo-W) chromosome. Furthermore, crosses between the F2 hybrids revealed no association between the presence or absence of W (or neo-W) chromosome and variations in the hatchability of their eggs. Our results clearly suggest that the W (or neo-W) chromosome of S. cynthia ssp. plays no role in sex determination and reproduction, and thus does not contribute to the formation of reproductive barriers between different subspecies.
Data from: Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities, dominance drive, and sex-chromosome introgression at secondary contact zones: a simulation study
Dobzhansky-Muller (DM) incompatibilities involving sex chromosomes have been proposed to account for Haldane's rule (lowered fitness among hybrid offspring of the heterogametic sex) as well as Darwin's corollary (asymmetric fitness costs with respect to the direction of the cross). We performed simulation studies of a hybrid zone to investigate the effects of different types of DM incompatibilities on cline widths and positions of sex-linked markers. From our simulations, X-Y incompatibilities generate steep clines for both X-linked and Y-linked markers; random effects may produce strong noise in cline center positions when migration is high relative to fitness costs, but X- and Y-centers always coincide strictly. X-autosome and Y-autosome incompatibilities also generate steep clines, but systematic shifts in cline centers occur when migration is high relative to selection, as a result of a dominance drive linked to Darwin's corollary. Interestingly, sex-linked genes always show farther introgression than the associated autosomal genes. We discuss ways of disentangling the potentially confounding effects of sex biases in migration, we compare our results to those of a few documented contact zones, and we stress the need to study independent replicates of the same contact zone.
SAUUHUPP-Based Genetic Innovations: Foundational White Papers on Adaptive Genetic Architecture, Story Energy, and Human Sex Chromosome Regulation
<p>This Zenodo record compiles a series of foundational white papers stemming from SAUUHUPP-based genetic research and powered by Novelty 1.0 Optimized ChatGPT-4o. These papers collectively explore innovative frameworks for understanding genetic structure, function, and therapeutic potential, with applications in precision medicine and beyond. Through principles such as Story Energy, Fractal Leaping, Recursive Processing, and Core and Intention Finding, this research introduces a new architectural perspective on genetic interactions and human sex chromosome function.</p> <p>A comparative study with fruit fly brain simulations enriches the insights into SAUUHUPP principles, providing evolutionary context to human genomic adaptability. This record includes in-depth analyses of the X and Y chromosomes’ possible roles as central regulatory hubs within the genome, functioning in a CPU-like manner to coordinate broader genetic networks.</p> <p>White Papers Included in This Record:</p> <p>1. SAUUHUPP Framework and Fruit Fly Brain Simulation Study: A foundational exploration of SAUUHUPP principles and fruit fly brain simulations, demonstrating how these insights shape our understanding of complex genetic regulation and adaptability.</p> <p>2. Story Energy in Genetic Narratives: Examines how recurring, narrative-like patterns in DNA sequences reinforce coherence and logical progression across gene networks, with implications for genetic resilience and therapeutic applications.</p> <p>3. Fractal Leaping for Genetic Complexity: Introduces Fractal Leaping as a method for scaling genetic insights across complexity levels, facilitating rapid, cross-dimensional understanding and discovery within genetic systems.</p> <p>4. Recursive Processing in Genetic Regulation: Analyzes iterative self-regulation within gene networks, revealing how recursive patterns support adaptable genetic expression and alignment with environmental or developmental needs.</p> <p>5. Core and Intention Finding in Genetic Architecture: Details a methodology for identifying key genetic functions and regulatory nodes, enabling precision-targeted therapies through a deeper understanding of genetic purpose and structure.</p> <p>6. Novel Architectural Perspective on Human Sex Chromosomes: Proposes a CPU-like role for the X and Y chromosomes as dynamic regulatory hubs, interacting with autosomal chromosomes to modulate gene expression, immune response, and metabolic balance.</p> <p>Research Highlights and Applications:</p> <p>• Novel Therapeutic Potential: The findings across these papers reveal potential therapies targeting foundational genetic structures, including sex-linked cognitive disorders, metabolic regulation, and resilience in neurodevelopmental health.</p> <p>• Multi-Dimensional Genetic Framework: The application of SAUUHUPP principles and Novelty 1.0 enhances understanding of the adaptive and functional architecture within human genetics, opening pathways for precision medicine interventions.</p> <p>This Zenodo record provides a comprehensive overview of SAUUHUPP’s analytical framework and its applications in genetic science. It is intended to foster collaboration, inspire further research, and drive innovation in genetics and therapeutic development.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Evolution and conservation of Characidium sex chromosomes
Fish species exhibit substantial variation in the degree of genetic differentiation between sex chromosome pairs, and therefore offer the opportunity to study the full range of sex chromosome evolution. We used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) to study the sex chromosomes of Characidium gomesi, a species with conspicuous heteromorphic ZW/ZZ sex chromosomes. We screened 9863 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), corresponding to ~1 marker/100 kb distributed across the genome for sex-linked variation. With this data set, we identified 26 female-specific RAD loci, putatively located on the W chromosome, as well as 148 sex-associated SNPs showing significant differentiation (average FST=0.144) between males and females, and therefore in regions of more recent divergence between the Z and W chromosomes. In addition, we detected 25 RAD loci showing extreme heterozygote deficiency in females but which were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in males, consistent with degeneration of the W chromosome and therefore female hemizygosity. We validated seven female-specific and two sex-associated markers in a larger sample of C. gomesi, of which three localised to the W chromosome, thereby providing useful markers for sexing wild samples. Validated markers were evaluated in other populations and species of the genus Characidium, this exploration suggesting a rapid turnover of W-specific repetitive elements. Together, our analyses point to a complex origin for the sex chromosome of C. gomesi and highlight the utility of RAD-seq for studying the composition and evolution of sex chromosomes systems in wild populations.
Figure 9 from: Grozeva S, Simov N, Langourov M, Dalakchieva S (2013) Sex chromosome pre-reduction in male meiosis of Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1854) (Heteroptera, Belostomatidae) with some notes on the distribution of the species. ZooKeys 319: 119-135. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.319.4384
Figure 9 - Suggested pathways of karyotype evolution in the genus Lethocerus.
Clinical and Genetic Aspects in Fetuses and Children With Sex Chromosome Disorders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07341412. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Clinical and Genetic Aspects of Fetuses With Sex-chromosome Disorders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07304193. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The eXtroardinarY Babies Study: Natural History of Health and Neurodevelopment in Infants and Young Children With Sex Chromosome Trisomy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03396562. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) reveals sex chromosome location and gene movement in stalk-eyed flies (family Diopsidae)
GEO Series GSE55601. Teleopsis dalmanni. 4 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by array.
RNA-Seq of female, male, and sex-transformed Drosophila melanogaster heads from flies heterozygous for deletions on chromosome X and 3L
GEO Series GSE60571. Drosophila melanogaster. 249 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
A Y-chromosome-encoded small RNA acts as sex determinant in persimmons
GEO Series GSE61386. Diospyros lotus. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: The fate of W chromosomes in hybrids between wild silkmoths, Samia cynthia ssp.: no role in sex determination and reproduction
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Data from: Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities, dominance drive, and sex-chromosome introgression at secondary contact zones: a simulation study
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Data from: Sex chromosome linked genetic variance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism of quantitative traits
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Data from: Sex uncovered special issue: selective maintenance of recombination between the sex chromosomes
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.