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447 results for “Urtica”
Augmentation and conservation biological control of Tetranychus urticae on hops in Ohio
<p class="MsoNormal"></p> <p class="MsoNormal">The twospotted spider mite, <em>Tetranychus urticae </em>Koch<em> </em>(Acari: Tetranychidae),<em> </em>is a key pest on hops grown in the Midwestern USA, where hop production is a new industry, and little research has been done on the management of <em>T. urticae</em>.<span> </span>In 2016 and 2017, we conducted an experiment to determine the efficacy of augmentative biological control of <em>T. urticae</em> populations on the cultivar 'Cascade' at four hop yards. <span> </span>In both years, treatments compared <em>Neoseiulus fallacis</em> Garman (Acari: Phytoseiidae), released at a high rate and a low rate, and an untreated control, with eight replicates in 2016 and 17 replicates in 2017. <span> </span>Additional treatments in 2016 evaluated <em>Galendromus</em> <em>occidentalis </em>Nesbitt<em> </em>(Acari: Phytoseiidae) released at a high and a low rate. The target low rate in both years was one predator per ten <em>T. urticae</em>. The target high rate was one predator per five <em>T. urticae</em> in 2016, and one predator per two <em>T. urticae</em> in 2017. <span> </span>When weekly monitoring showed that the population reached an action threshold of one <em>T. urticae</em> per ten leaves, predatory mites were released. <span> </span>If the <em>T. urticae</em> population continued to increase, a second release was made. <span> </span>By the time of harvest, the cumulative number of mite-days for <em>T. urticae</em> did not differ significantly among treatments in either year.<span> </span>Hop yields showed a significant treatment effect in 2016, with higher yield where the high rate of <em>G. occidentalis</em> was released than in other treatments, but yields did not show any significant treatment effect in 2017.<span> </span>In 2017, we also conducted an exclusion experiment at four hop yards in Ohio, to determine the services provided by predators already present in hop yards, as well as the ability of the combination of predatory mites, <em>N. fallacis</em> and <em>Neoseiulus californicus </em><span>McGregor</span><em> </em>(Acari: Phytoseiidae), to suppress <em>T. urticae </em>by augmentative releases at three different predator to prey ratios: zero to ten, one to ten, and two to ten.<span> </span>Samples were paired; one leaf was covered with a fine mesh bag and one leaf was left uncovered, in each of 50 replicates.<span> </span>After two weeks, the average number of <em>T. urticae</em> motiles on the open leaves that received zero phytoseiids was significantly less than the starting number of ten, suggesting that ambient predation is capable of suppressing <em>T. urticae</em> populations.<span> </span>The average number of <em>T. urticae</em> motiles on the enclosed leaves that received two phytoseiids was also significantly less than the starting number of ten, while the average number of <em>T. urticae</em> motiles on the enclosed leaf that received one phytoseiid was not, showing that a ratio of one phytoseiid to five <em>T. urticae</em> is effective at reducing <em>T. urticae</em> populations.<span> </span>Our experiments showed that when <em>T. urticae </em><span>is </span>found at low to moderate densities, naturally occurring predators are able to suppress their populations in Ohio hop yards.<span> </span>Augmentation using phytoseiid mites did not have a consistent beneficial effect on yields.<span> </span>Given that naturally occurring predators are important in the suppression of <em>T. urticae</em> populations, future studies thus might concentrate on conservation biological control.</p> <p> </p>
Figure 6 in Evaluation of geostatistical method and hybrid Artificial Neural Network with imperialist competitive algorithm for predicting distribution pattern of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in cucumber field of Behbahan, Iran
Figure 6. Motion of colonies toward their relevant imperialist (AtashpazGargari 2009).
Figure 4 in Evaluation of geostatistical method and hybrid Artificial Neural Network with imperialist competitive algorithm for predicting distribution pattern of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in cucumber field of Behbahan, Iran
Figure 4. Flowchart of Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (AtashpazGargari 2009).
Figure 7 in Evaluation of geostatistical method and hybrid Artificial Neural Network with imperialist competitive algorithm for predicting distribution pattern of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in cucumber field of Behbahan, Iran
Figure 7. Distribution of T. urticae in different stages of sampling.
Figure 2 in A population growth model of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Figure 2. Growth of total population of T. urticae on two bean fitted to logistic curve.
Figure 1 in A population growth model of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Figure 1. Population fluctuation of total population of T. urticae on two bean fields in 2016.
Chromosome-level Assemblies of Three Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum Vectors: Dyspersa apicalis (Förster, 1848), Dyspersa pallida (Burckhardt, 1986), and Trioza urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)
<p>Genomic datasets generated from three species of psyllid insect (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). This repository includes chromosome-scale genomic assemblies, mitochondrial genomes, co-assembled bacterial genomes, coding sequence annotations, transposable element annotations, and called SNPs, as well as files related to comparative genomics analyses. </p> <p><strong>Dataset contains:</strong><br><strong>From Trioza urticae genome assembly:</strong><br> - Genome assembly (fasta)<br> - Suspected contaminant seqeunces removed from the genome assembly (fasta)<br> - T. urticae derived Candidatus Carsonella ruddii primary endosymbiont co-assembled genome (fasta)<br> - Transposable element annotations from EarlgreyTE:<br> - - Transpoable element library (fasta)<br> - - Predicted TEs (bed and gff)<br> - - Figures (pdf)<br> - Gene predictions from braker3+ :<br> - - Braker gene predictions (gft and aa) <br> - - Longest isoforms (faa)<br> - - - Interproscan annotation of gene predicitions (tsv)</p> <p><strong>From Dyspersa pallida (Trioza anthrisci) genome assembly:</strong><br> - Genome assembly (fasta)<br> - Suspected contaminant seqeunces removed from the genome assembly (fasta)<br> - D. pallida mitochondrial genome assembly (fasta)<br> - D. pallida derived Candidatus Carsonella ruddii primary endosymbiont co-assembled genome (fasta)<br> - Transposable element annotations from EarlgreyTE:<br> - - Transpoable element library (fasta)<br> - - Predicted TEs (bed and gff)<br> - - Figures (pdf)<br> - Gene predictions from braker3+ :<br> - - Braker gene predictions (gft and aa) <br> - - Longest isoforms (faa)<br> - - - Interproscan annotation of gene predicitions (tsv)</p> <p><strong>From Dyspersa apicalis (Trioza apicalis) genome assembly:</strong><br> - Genome assembly (fasta)<br> - Suspected contaminant seqeunces removed from the genome assembly (fasta)<br> - D. apicalis mitochondrial genome assembly (fasta)<br> - D. apicalis derived Candidatus Carsonella ruddii primary endosymbiont co-assembled genome (fasta)<br> - Transposable element annotations from EarlgreyTE:<br> - - Transpoable element library (fasta)<br> - - Predicted TEs (bed and gff)<br> - - Figures (pdf)<br> - Gene predictions from braker3+ :<br> - - Braker gene predictions (gft and aa) <br> - - Longest isoforms (faa)<br> - - - Interproscan annotation of gene predicitions (tsv)</p> <p><strong>From comparative genomics analysis:</strong><br> - Orthofinder analysis<br> - - Output of orthofinder analysis comparing protein predictions from de novo psyllid assemblies with other hemiptera proteomes (tsv and fasta)<br> - Cafe5 analysis<br> - - Output of cafe analysis comparing protein predictions from de novo psyllid assemblies with other hemiptera proteomes (excel, png, tab)<br> - - Enrichment analysis of GO and KO terms associated with expanded/contracted gene families at the Dyspersa taxonomic node (excel and tiff)<br> - - Enrichment analysis of GO and KO terms associated with expanded/contracted gene families at the D. pallida taxonomic node (excel and tiff)<br> - - Enrichment analysis of GO and KO terms associated with expanded/contracted gene families at the D. apicalis taxonomic node (excel and tiff)<br> - - - Plots showing expansion/contraction of different orthogroups across the hemiptera phylogeny (png)<br> - Time calibrated phylogenetic tree of hemiptera including psyllids produced by iqtree2 (txt)<br> - Time calibrated phylogenetic tree of hemiptera including psyllids produced by astral (txt)<br> - C. Ca ruddii primary endosymbiont phylogenetic tree (txt)</p> <p><strong>From psyllid population resequencing:</strong><br> - Resequencing data<br> - - High confidence biallelic SNPs from D. pallida resequenced samples called against the de novo D. pallida genome assembly (vcf)<br> - - High confidence biallelic SNPs from D. apicalis resequenced samples called against the de novo D. apicalis genome assembly (vcf)<br> - - High confidence biallelic SNPs from resequenced samples called against the reference C. Ca ruddi endosymbiont genome assembly (vcf)<br> - - For suspected contanimant contigs removed from the D. pallida genome assembly; predicted identity, and coverage in each resequenced D. pallida sample (txt)<br> - - For suspected contanimant contigs removed from the D. apicalis genome assembly; predicted identity, and coverage in each resequenced D. apicalis sample (txt)<br> - - - Qualimap evaluation of resequencing data aligned to de novo psyllid genome for each resequenced sample (pdf)<br><br><br></p>
Figure 1 in Effect of the essential oil from the latex of the fruit Mangifera indica L. on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari, Tetranychidae)
Figure 1 Feeding preference (mean ± SE) ofTetranychus urticaeexposed toMangifera indicaoils
Figure 4 in Suitability of different pollen grains and Tetranychus urticae as food for the predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Figure 4. Exine patterns of four plant pollens prepared using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
FIGURE 1 in The Impact Of Cucumber Nitrogen Nutrition On Life History Traits Of Tetranychus Urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae)
FIGURE 1: Age specific survival rate (lx) and fecundity (mx) of Tetranychus urticae on four nitrogen treatments
FIGURE 1 in Population Growth Parameters Of The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae, On Three Peach Varieties In Iran
FIGURE 1: Survival rate for life stages of T. urticae, from egg to adult emergence, on three peach varieties, Redtap, G.H.Hale and Kardi, under 27 ± 1 °C, 50 ± 10 % humidity and photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D) conditions.
FIGURE 2 in Population Growth Parameters Of The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae, On Three Peach Varieties In Iran
FIGURE 2: Age-specific survival (lx) curves of female of T. urticae in adulthood on three peach varieties.
FIGURE 4 in Population Growth Parameters Of The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae, On Three Peach Varieties In Iran
FIGURE 4: Offspring sex ratio of females of T. urticae reared on three peach varieties. At each sampling date, black and white bars indicate the percentages of male and female offspring, respectively.
FIGURE 25 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 25: Cuticular lobe pattern present on the dorsal striation of a polychaete french population of the GF of Tetranychus urticae showing rounded and oblong dorsal lobes.
FIGURE 8 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 8: Examples of colour changing in hybrid F8 females of Tetranychus urticae: yellowish female (A) that turned pink-red (B); pale pinkish female (C) that turned pink-red (D); yellowish green female (E) that turned dark-green (F); amber female (G) that turned pink-red (H).
FIGURE 22 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 22: Pictures of the aedeagi of the GF (A) and RF (B) of Tetranychus urticae both having acute anterior and posterior projections, angulate dorsal margin and a knob axis forming an angle with the axis of the shaft (original pictures from Boudreaux and Dosse (1963b) with permission from Acarologia).
FIGURE 11 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 11: Cuticular lobes on the dorsal striation of RF females of Tetranychus urticae. A – original drawing by H. Bruce Boudreaux — 1956 —- Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 1956, 49: 43–48); B – cuticular lobes aspect using phase-constrast microscope; C – aspect of lobes using SEM.
FIGURE 15 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 15: Appearance of less developed female dorsal lobes using phase-contrast microscope. A – in GF females of T. urticae; B – in RF females of T. urticae.
FIGURE 4 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 4: A – Typical red hybrid F1 females of Tetranychus urticae obtained when crossing GF and RF; B – rare red with pinkish glow F1 females.
FIGURE 1 in Evidence For Synonymy Between Tetranychus Urticae And Tetranychus Cinnabarinus (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): Review And New Data
FIGURE 1: Parameters measured for the comparison of the aedeagus of the two colour forms of Tetranychus urticae: length of the knob (L), width of the neck (N), high of the hook (H), angle between the axis of the knob and the axis of the shaft (α1) and angle between the axis of the knob and the axis of the dorsal margin of the shaft (α2).
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